Contaminated land register
A contaminated site register is a comprehensive register that records contaminated sites and areas suspected of being contaminated . In Germany, these are stored in databases by the environmental agencies of the federal states or the municipalities , and each contaminated site is given a unique contaminated site code (AKZ).
Definitions
For explanation, the definitions of terms from the legal text are inserted here, see Section 2, Paragraph 5, No. 1 and 2 and Paragraph 6 of the Law on Protection from Harmful Soil Changes and Remediation of Contaminated Sites ( BBodSchG ) of March 17, 1998:
Contaminated sites: "... are 1. decommissioned waste disposal plants and other properties on which waste has been treated, stored or deposited (old deposits) and 2. plots of decommissioned plants and other properties on which environmentally hazardous substances have been handled, with the exception of plants that are decommissioned a permit according to the Atomic Energy Act is required (old sites), which cause harmful soil changes or other dangers for the individual or the general public . "
Suspected contaminated sites: "... are old deposits and old sites where there is a suspicion of harmful soil changes or other dangers for the individual or the general public."
Harmful soil changes: "... are impairments of soil functions that are capable of causing dangers, significant disadvantages or considerable nuisance for the individual or the general public."
Data
According to § 11 BBodSchG, the federal states regulate which data is recorded . The following information is usually recorded:
- Location, size and condition of the sites,
- Type, quantity and nature of the waste and other substances that have been deposited or otherwise carried into the soil ,
- Type of previous operation, the shutdown facilities or shutdown facilities,
- previous, existing and planned uses of contaminated sites and suspected contaminated sites, their effects on the environment or other impairments of the soil function , which are likely to cause hazards, significant disadvantages or significant impairments for the individual or the general public,
- Those earlier owners , owners or holders of actual control were or are presently, and
- the other facts and legal relationships that are necessary for the defense against dangers, significant disadvantages or significant nuisances for the individual or the general public.
features
While contaminated sites or suspected contaminated sites were previously discovered purely by chance and / or through complaints from the population , the systematic recording and investigation of suspected sites is the responsibility of the competent authorities at the latest when Section 9 BBodSchG comes into force .
To find old deposits, old topographical maps are evaluated (e.g. disappeared quarries and sand pits , filled natural depressions , etc.). Then an attempt is made to find out when these pits disappeared and with which material ( e.g. garbage , building rubble ) the pits were filled. Other suspect areas are e.g. B. larger factory site , barracks , mine site ( heaps ). In cases of doubt, such areas must be examined in terms of environmental geography by drilling . The database programs also allow prioritization by means of key figures , i. H. some areas can be classified as less critical or highly critical. It also depends on the location of the contaminated area (e.g. proximity to water protection areas , proximity to residential areas ).
The prioritization by means of key figures is also a guide to the urgency of the processing. Of course, not all contaminated sites can be investigated immediately.
Special contaminated sites are also kept on the legacy of mining in Saxony , Saxony-Anhalt and Thuringia (for example, due to the mining of uranium ores ).
On the basis of the Environmental Information Act , information is also possible to private individuals , but may be subject to a charge depending on the scope of the research.
See also
- Contaminated land atlas with suspected land register in Austria
literature
- Law on the protection against harmful soil changes and the remediation of contaminated sites (BBodSchG) of March 17, 1998 (Federal Law Gazette I No. 16 of March 24, 1998).
- Radiation Protection Provision Act ( StrVG )
