Ambrosian chant
As Ambrosian chant is a n. Chr in the 4th century. Referred arisen form of the liturgy and church music in the region around Milan and in the valleys of the canton of Ticino has been preserved to this day.
origin
Liturgical and musical reforms took place in Italy in the fourth century . They started out from Rome and Milan. The Milan reforms were named after Bishop Ambrose of Milan (374–397), although they were not recorded until later. The origin of the Ambrosian chant lies in the Eastern Church , Milan had several Greek bishops.
Ambrosius rearranged the celebration of the vigils ("night watch") to make it more attractive to the people, and introduced hymns and antiphons . According to his biographer, he is said to have started these new songs for the first time when he and his followers were besieged by the Empress Justina in the Basilica of Milan .
development
The replacement of Ambrosian by Gregorian church music did not take place peacefully. In an effort to unify church music and liturgy , Charlemagne came to Milan personally to stamp out the Ambrosian tradition. However, Bishop Eugenius saved the Milan legacy. In the 11th century, Nicholas II , Petrus Damiani and Gregor VII tried to eradicate the remains of the Ambrosian chant. When, 500 years later, in the wake of the Council of Trent , the Roman liturgy became standard in almost the entire area of the Latin Church , St. Charles Borromeo and his cousin, Cardinal Friedrich Borromeo , managed to preserve the Milanese tradition.
Ambrosian chant has been preserved in Milan itself, in some churches in the Swiss canton of Ticino, especially in the Blenio Valley , the Leventina and the Riviera ( Diocese of Lugano ) to this day.
swell
The oldest well-preserved writing is the Antiphonarium Ambrosianum from the 12th century , now in the British Museum (London). There are also fragments from the 10th century and a completely illegible palimpsest from the 7th century . The Missale Ambrosianum was first printed in 1475 . Karl Borromeo published a new breviary in 1582 and 1588 , trying to get closer to the origin of this music.
exploration
Dom Guerrino Amèlli (1848–1933) began a new reform of Ambrosian chant in 1881 and published the Directory Chori and a collection of mass chants in 1883 . Dom Gregori Sunyol devoted his entire life to researching and publishing Ambrosian music. He worked out the importance of this music for the development of Latin church music.
literature
- The New Oxford History of Music, Vol. II: Early Medieval Music up to 1300. London 1954
Web links
- Pontifical Ambrosian Institute for Church Music
- Canto Ambrosiano (Schola Gregoriana Mediolanensis) (ital.)
- AS Walpole, Early Latin Hymns, Cambridge 1922 (PDF; 22.1 MB)