Amphibolidae
| Amphibolidae | ||||||||||
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Amphibola crenata |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||
| Amphibolidae | ||||||||||
| Gray , 1840 |
The Amphibolidae are a family of marine snails from the order of the pulmonate snails (Pulmonata). There is no common German-language name. They live primarily in the coastal area of the Indo-Pacific .
features
On the one hand, the animals have a mantle cavity that serves as a lung, with which they absorb atmospheric oxygen, as is typical for lung snails. On the other hand, they have both a shell lid ( operculum ), as it is typical for many marine snails, and sometimes also a free-swimming Veliger larva. Because of this combination of features, they are often considered to be the most original living representatives of the pulmonary snails.
Distribution and number of species
The Amphibolidae occur in the Indo-Pacific from Australia to the Arabian Gulf. They live in the coastal area in the mangrove , in salt marshes and on mud banks of estuaries.
paleontology
The family is only known to fossils from the Pliocene .
Systematics
External systematics : The family is provisionally becoming the paraphyletic group of the water pulmonate i. w. S. ("Basommatophora") calculated. Their exact position in the taxonomic system has not yet been finally clarified. In many cases it is given the status of its own superfamily Amphiboloidea .
Internal systematics : The systematic subdivision is currently in flux. The following overview is a compromise between traditional and more recent systematic proposals and divides the family into the following four genres:
- Amphibola Schumacher , 1817 , only 1 species ( Amphibola crenata ), New Zealand
- Lactiforis Golding, Ponder & Byrne, 2007
- Naranjia Golding, Ponder & Byrne, 2007
- Salinator Hedley, 1900; about 6 species, Australia and Southeast Asia
More recent studies place the previous species Salinator takii in the newly created genus Lactiforis ; the species Salinator solida is raised to the rank of a new family Phallomedusidae and placed in the newly created genus Phallomedusa . In addition, another new family Maningrididae (with the species Maningrida arnhemensis ) is created. The taxonomic position of several other described species is still largely uncertain. All three families (Amphibolidae, Phallomedusidae and Maningrididae) are placed in the superfamily Amphiboloidea by the authors mentioned.