Bibliotheca Amploniana
The Bibliotheca Amploniana is the largest manuscript collection of a late medieval scholar that has survived almost completely today and is one of the most important manuscript collections in Germany.
The doctor, scholar and second rector of the old University of Erfurt , Amplonius Rating de Berka , had compiled this library. Around 1410, Amplonius himself had created a catalog sorted by subject group, which is still the most important guide through the scriptures to this day. These are still z. B. used for medical history or theological research and are always good for new discoveries. In 1412 he handed over his collection of 633 volumes, of which about 430 are still available in Erfurt today, to the “Collegium Porta Coeli”, which he donated to support and support students at the University of Erfurt. As a result of donations from the fellows of the Collegium, on the one hand the number of manuscripts almost doubled, on the other hand numerous codices were lost over the centuries or were given to other property in various ways.
In 1509 Martin Luther used the Erfurt Bibliotheca Amploniana to study theology. Luther had to explain the basic work of medieval theology contained therein, the sentences of Petrus Lombardus. For his achievements he was appointed "baccalaureus sententiarius", doctor of theology, by the Erfurt University.
Today the Bibliotheca Amploniana contains a total of 979 manuscript volumes as well as numerous incunabula and prints. Theological, philosophical and medical manuscripts stand out in terms of numbers and content, but there are also numerous codices on grammar, rhetoric, poetry and classical authors as well as on civil and canon law or mathematics.
Amplonius protected his book foundation through various legal constructions, which for centuries prevented both the city and the University of Erfurt from taking possession of the holdings. After the closure of the old Erfurt University and the de facto dissolution of the Collegium in the 19th century, the Amploniana came to the Royal Prussian Library in Erfurt, which was purchased by the city of Erfurt in 1908.
After the Second World War, the head of the scientific library, Elfriede Trott, was able to save the Amploniana from being attacked by the Soviet occupying forces .
In December 2001 the Bibliotheca Amploniana was given on permanent loan to the re-founded University of Erfurt, where it is professionally looked after and scientifically developed in the University Library of Erfurt . In the City Museum Erfurt a copy is presented in the permanent exhibition since 2012, respectively.
literature
- Brigitte Pfeil: 1412–2012. 600 years of the "Bibliotheca Amploniana" in Erfurt. Anniversary Notes . In: Mitteilungen des Verein für die Geschichte und Altertumskunde von Erfurt , Vol. 74 (2013), pp. 69–94, ISSN 0943-299X
- Marina Moritz (Ed.): Amplonius. The time. The human being, the foundation; 600 years Bibliotheca Amploniana in Erfurt; [on the occasion of the exhibition shown from November 24, 2012 to April 1, 2013], Museum für Thüringer Volkskunde, Erfurt 2012 (writings of the Museum für Thüringer Volkskunde Erfurt, volume, 34).
- Josef Pilvousek (ed.): The library of the Amplonius Rating de Berka and its hidden treasures. Notes on the rediscovery of "Erfurt" Augustine sermons , Echter, Würzburg 2010 (Erfurt theological writings, volume 39), ISBN 978-3-429-03249-4 .
- Thomas Bouillon and Brigitte Pfeil: Amplonius Rating de Berka and his book collection. Significance, history and future perspectives of the Bibliotheca Amploniana . In: Communications of the Association for the History and Antiquity of Erfurt Vol. 70 (2009), pp. 31–53, ISSN 0943-299X
- Kathrin Paasch (ed.): The treasure of Amplonius. The great library of the Middle Ages in Erfurt. Book accompanying the exhibition of the same name by the Erfurt City and Regional Library and the Angermuseum Erfurt from September 2nd to November 4th 2001 , City and Regional Library , Erfurt 2001, ISBN 3-910111-17-3 .
- Andreas Speer: The Bibliotheca Amploniana. Their significance in the area of tension between Aristotelianism, nominalism and humanism , de Gruyter, Berlin 1995 (Miscellanea mediaevalia, volume 23), ISBN 3-11-014098-5 .
- Walter Strobel: The Amplonian manuscript collection in Erfurt . Special print from "Marginalien", magazine for book art and bibliophilia, issue 39, Hahndruck Kranichfeld, 1970
Web links
- Official website
- Amplonius and the Bibliotheca Amploniana on erfurt-web
- Wilhelm Schum: Descriptive directory of the Amplonian manuscript collection in Erfurt . Weidmannsche Buchhandlung, Berlin 1887. Digitized by manuscripta-mediaevalia; Digitized in the Google Book Search USA .