Anatoly Michailowitsch Pestle

Anatoly Michaelowitsch Pestle

Anatoly Stessel ( Russian Анатолий Михайлович Стессель ; born 28 ^jul. / 10. July  1848 ^greg. , † January 5 ^jul. / 18th January  1915 ^greg. ) Was a Russian baron and a general in the Imperial Russian Army .

biography

General Stößel and the Japanese General Nogi after the surrender of Port Arthur

Anatolij Stößel was born in 1848 and was the son of Lieutenant General Baron Vinogradow Stößel. In 1866 he successfully completed the Pawel Military School and took part in the Russo-Ottoman War (1877-1878) , the Boxer Rebellion and the Russo-Japanese War . In the latter he was in command of Port Arthur fortress , which was besieged by the Japanese for 5 months. On January 1, 1905, he surrendered to the Japanese General Nogi Maresuke , without first consulting his officers . The following day, the surrender was accepted and around 50,000 Russian soldiers were taken prisoner by Japan.

When Stößel returned to Saint Petersburg after the war , he was tried on a court martial and sentenced to death on February 7, 1908. The sentence was later commuted to 10 years imprisonment. On May 6, 1909, Stößel was pardoned by Tsar Nicholas II and taken back into military service.

He died in 1915 in Khmilnyk (Ukraine), today 's Vinnytsia Oblast .

Awards

• Russian Order of St. George , 3rd class
• Russian Order of St. George , 4th grade
• Russian Order of Saint Anne 1st degree
• Russian Order of Saint Anne 2nd degree
• Russian Order of Saint Anne 3rd degree
• Order of St. Vladimir , 3rd degree
• Order of St. Vladimir , 4th degree
• Order of St. Stanislaus 1st degree
• Order of Saint Stanislaus 2nd degree
• Order of Saint Stanislaus 3rd degree
• Military Order for Valor , Bulgaria
• Order of the Red Eagle , Prussia
• Pour le Mérite , Prussia
• Order of the Rising Sun , 2nd class, Japan

literature

• Connaughton, RM (1988). The War of the Rising Sun and the Tumbling Bear — A Military History of the Russo-Japanese War 1904-5 , London, ISBN 0-415-00906-5 .
• Jukes, Geoffry. The Russo-Japanese War 1904-1905 . Osprey Essential Histories. (2002). ISBN 978-1-84176-446-7 .
• Warner, Denis & Peggy. The Tide at Sunrise, A History of the Russo-Japanese War 1904-1905 . (1975). ISBN 0-7146-5256-3 .