Andean tern
| Andean tern | ||||||||||||
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Andean tern |
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| Systematics | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name of the genus | ||||||||||||
| Haplochelidon | ||||||||||||
| Todd , 1929 | ||||||||||||
| Scientific name of the species | ||||||||||||
| Haplochelidon andecola | ||||||||||||
| ( d'Orbigny & Lafresnaye , 1837) |
The Andean Swallow ( Haplochelidon ande cola ) is a species of bird in the family of swallows (Hirundinidae). The species occurs in the South American countries Argentina , Chile , Bolivia and Peru . The IUCN classifies the stock as “ Least Concern ”.
features
The Andenschwalbe reaches a body length of about 13.5 to 14 centimeters. The top is matt blue-black. The color of the rump is light, matt brown. The throat and chest are ash brown, turning a dirty white on the rest of the underside. The tail is relatively straight and not fork-shaped.
distribution and habitat
The swallow occurs in the open habitat of the Andes at altitudes between 3500 and 4600 meters. They are found in typical Puna grasslands and moors. But it can also occur in cities and villages. In addition to open terrain, they can be observed in cuttings near water and on houses.
behavior
Usually the swallow is in smaller groups. Sometimes they are seen together with other species of swallow, such as the black-tailed swallow ( Notiochelidon cyanoleuca ). When foraging, they are often found near grazing animals such as cattle, sheep, llamas and even vicuñas . They build their nests in holes in rocks or in the terrain and under eaves.
Subspecies
Two subspecies are described, which differ mainly in their coloration and their area of distribution:
- Haplochelidon andecola andecola ( d'Orbigny & Lafresnaye , 1837) - nominate form . Occurs in the Andes of southern Peru, in the extreme north of Chile in the Región de Arica y Parinacota and Tarapacá , in central and southern Bolivia and in northwest Argentina in the provinces of Salta and Jujuy .
- Haplochelidon andecola oroyæ ( Chapman , 1924) - Very similar to the nominate form, but the upper side is more bluish with less green. The shafts of the wings are white and not brown. The beak is a little longer and wider. Present in Central Peru in the La Oroya district in the Junín region .
literature
- Thomas Schulenberg , Douglas F. Stotz , Daniel F. Lane: Birds of Peru . Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey 2007, ISBN 978-0-691-04915-1 .
- Robert S. Ridgely , Guy Tudor : Field Guide to the Songbirds of South America. The Passerines . University of Texas Press, Austin 2009, ISBN 978-0-292-71748-0 .
- Robert S. Ridgely, Guy Tudor, William Liddle Brown: The Birds of South America Vol. I. The Oscine Passerines: Jays and Swallows, Wrens, Thrushes, and Allies, Vireos and Wood-Warblers, Tanagers, Icterids, and Finches . University of Texas Press, Austin 1989, ISBN 0-292-70756-8 .
- Frank Michler Chapman: Descriptions of new birds from Ecuador, Colombia, Peru, and Bolivia . In: American Museum novitates . No. 138 , 1924, pp. 1–16 ( online [PDF; 1.6 MB ; accessed on June 22, 2011]).
Web links
- Orochelidon andecola inthe IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2011.1. Listed by: BirdLife International, 2009. Retrieved June 20, 2011.
- Videos, photos and sound recordings of Andean Swallow (Haplochelidon andecola) in the Internet Bird Collection
- Avibase Andean Swallow (Haplochelidon andecola) Pictures and other information
- Go2Peru Andean Swallow Image (incorrect scientific name Stelgidopteryx andecola )
Individual evidence
- ^ American Museum novitates; no. 138 p. 12 Descriptions of new birds from Ecuador, Colombia, Peru, and Bolivia. petrochelidon andecola oroyæ (English; PDF; 1.6 MB)