Jujuy Province

**Jujuy**
Basic data
( Details )	( Details )
Capital:	San Salvador de Jujuy
Surface: - Total share in Argentina	Rank 20 of 24 53,219 km² 1.92%
Population : - Total 2014 - density	Rank 14 of 24 718,914 inhabitants 11.5 inhabitants / km²

ISO 3166-2 code:	AR-Y
politics
Region :	Región Noroeste Argentino
Structure:	16 departments
Gobernador:	Gerardo Morales
Website of the Jujuy Province

The province of Jujuy [ xuˈxuɪ ] is located in the extreme northwest of Argentina . It borders on Chile to the west, Bolivia to the north and the province of Salta to the south and east .

geography

In the northwest of the province are the Andes and between the two main ridges the high desert Puna at an altitude of 3500–4000 meters. To the east of this lies the region of the high valleys with the two cuts of the Quebrada de Humahuaca and the Valle Grande . In the south-east is the humid Yunga mountain rainforest region, which is interspersed with low mountain ranges , but is almost entirely characterized by a cultural landscape.

population

The majority of the population is concentrated in the south-eastern lowlands, where the largest cities in the province are also located with the capital San Salvador de Jujuy , Libertador General San Martín , Perico and San Pedro de Jujuy . A medium population density can be found in the Quebrada de Humahuaca, while the Puna is only sparsely populated. About 65 percent of the population are mestizos or descendants of various indigenous groups, with the Kollas from the Puna being the largest in numbers, followed by the Chiriguanos of the lowlands.

history

The province of Jujuy was probably settled by the indigenous Omaguaca in pre-Christian times . These were incorporated into the Inca Empire around 1200 . The Omaguacas were sedentary and farmed. Technologically, like the other ethnic groups in the region ( Diaguitas , Calchaquíes , Quilmes ), they were the most advanced in the country. They mainly settled in the Quebrada de Humahuaca, which is named after them .

The Spaniards conquered the territory between 1550 and 1580 from present-day Peru and some of them founded their cities near old Indian towns. Until well after the independence of Argentina, the area of the Puna was national territory , only in the 20th century was it incorporated into the Jujuy province.

Administrative division

Administrative division of the Jujuy Province

The Jujuy Province is divided into 16 departments.

Department	Capital	Area in km²	Population (2010)
Cochinoca	Abra Pampa	7,837	012,656
Doctor Manuel Belgrano	San Salvador de Jujuy	1.917	265,249
El Carmen	El Carmen	0.912	097.039
Humahuaca	Humahuaca	3,792	017,366
Ledesma	Libertador General San Martín	3,249	081,790
Palpalá	Palpalá	0.467	052,631
Rinconada	Rinconada	6,407	002,488
San Antonio	San Antonio	0.690	004,466
San Pedro	San Pedro de Jujuy	2,150	075,037
Santa Bárbara	Santa Clara	4,448	017,730
Santa Catalina	Santa Catalina	2,960	002,800
Susques	Susques	9,199	003,791
Tilcara	Tilcara	1,845	012,349
Tumbaya	Tumbaya	3,442	004,658
Valle Grande	Valle Grande	0.962	002,451
Yavi	La Quiaca	2,942	020,806

economy

Mining and industry

An important branch of the economy is petroleum extraction and electricity generation through hydropower. Textile and steel industries are located in the capital. The region of the Puna and high valleys used to be characterized by mining. Today this branch of the economy is in a deep crisis. Many mines have been closed so there is high unemployment in the region. The region is therefore hoping for prospects for trade with Bolivia and Chile as part of the “ Corredor Bioceánico ” (corridor from the Pacific to the Atlantic). The Jama Pass to San Pedro de Atacama (Chile), located in Jujuy, is the only Andean pass in the country that is passable all year round.

In the Andean region in the northwest of the Jujuy Province, there are significant lithium deposits worldwide. The extraction of the deposits puts considerable strain on the scarce freshwater deposits. According to critical media reports, the type of lithium production in Jujuy is affecting the environment and livelihoods of the indigenous people.

Agriculture

Agriculture and agribusiness are the main industries in the fertile southeast. Tobacco, sugar cane and fruits are grown and processed here. The Jujuy Province is the second largest bean producer in the country with a share of 15 percent. In 2004, 23,000 tons of beans ( white beans - Alubia - approx. 70 percent; black beans approx. 30 percent) were harvested. The harvest is cleaned, classified and packaged within the province in five factories. 90 percent of the harvest is exported. Due to the changing conditions in the climate and on the world market, cultivated areas and yields can fluctuate considerably. The 2004 harvest, for example, meant a decrease of 30 percent compared to the previous year.

Culture

In the province, mixed forms of Indian and Spanish culture predominate, which is reflected in all areas of art, but especially in music (see folklore ) and the closely related religion. The Pachamama cult, a mixture of devotion to Mary and Mother Earth, is still widespread in the country. The formerly traditional carnival has now become a professional tourist spectacle, especially in the strongholds of Humahuaca and Tilcara . Jujuy, along with Salta and Santiago del Estero, is the only province in which the Indian languages Quechua and Aymara are occasionally spoken, although this is increasingly being lost due to the lack of bilingual education in schools and the widespread discrimination against Indian culture.

Web links

Commons : Jujuy Province - collection of pictures, videos, and audio files

Official website of the province

Individual evidence

-23 -66Coordinates: 23 ° 0 ′ S , 66 ° 0 ′ W

[1] INDEC : 2010 census

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