Andrea Piccolomini Todeschini
Andrea Piccolomini Todeschini (* 1445 in Sarteano or Siena , † September 1505 in Siena) was an Italian nobleman.
Andrea was born in 1445 to Laudomia Piccolomini , sister of the future Pope Pius II , and Nanni Todeschini da Sarteano. The place of birth is not certain.
biography
He had a different temperament than his brothers Giacomo and Antonio, was not a soldier and it is very likely that he loved literature.
The life of Andrea and the brothers Antonio, Francesco and Giacomo was strongly influenced by the rise of Enea Silvio Piccolomini to the papal throne. The family profited to a great extent from the pontificate of Pius II and the ensuing reintegration into the political rights of Siena through the admission to the Monte del Popolo. The Pope also envisaged that nephews should play an important role in public life, and he achieved this thanks also to important marriages. Andrea married Agnese Farnese in January 1475 , daughter of Gabriele Francesco di Ranuccio and Isabella Orsini , with whom he had seven children. His descendants are likely to have the highest concentration of pontiff ties.
Enea Silvio gave him with the bull of July 18, 1463 the possession of the palace built in Pienza, to which the patronage of the cathedral of this community was added. Andrea and his brother Giacomo received the undivided rule from Pius II, the Vicaria of Camporsevoli in the diocese of Chiusi, which they took possession of in 1464. In the same year his uncle Pope Pius II received for him from the King of Naples, Ferrante of Aragón , the rule of Giglio and Castiglione della Pescaia and the title of Marquis of these lands. As a donation from Antonio, he took over the Castiglion Rocchette castle and, thanks to another donation, took over ownership of all properties that Antonio owned in the Siena region. King Ferdinand II of Spain made him Knight of the Santiagoorden .
The economic boom during the pontificate of Pius II is documented by the tax documents of Siena as well as by the libro di contratti begun by Piccolomini on December 31, 1476 . There were a large number of shops which over time strengthened its influence in the city. The construction of a palace originally requested by the Pope began in Siena. The two parts of the building correspond to two different construction projects that the brothers pursued from 1480 when they shared the building and the common heritage.
Andrea was, among other things, one of the family's donors for the frescoes by Pinturicchio in the Piccolomini library . The artist has us in the picture decoration Enea Silvio Piccolomini, Archbishop of Siena, represents Eleonora of Portugal Emperor Friedrich III. before , his picture, which can be seen behind his wife Agnes, with the bodice with black and white stripes, and the eldest daughter Montanina in the form of a bridesmaid who wears the clothes of the Aragonian princess, passed down.
After his death, his youngest daughter Victoria had to marry Petrucci's son, Borghese . With this action Petrucci wanted to sanction the alliance of the Noveschi with the Gentiluomini and in this way consolidate the succession of his family in the rule.
Political career
Andrea had to face one of the most difficult times in the republic. Attributed to the Monte dei Gentiluomini , like the rest of the family, he faced the overwhelming power of the Noveschi , headed by Pandolfo Petrucci , who aspired to and later became lord of Siena.
Political activity began in July 1468 when he was sent to the Duke of Milan, Galeazzo Sforza , on the occasion of his marriage to Vona of Savoy. He then served as ambassador to the King of Naples (1471). in the summer of 1477 he was Sienese commissioner in Valdichiana and then with Count Antonio da Montefeltro; in the two months November – December 1479 he was Capitano del Popolo , captain of the people. After that, his political role intensified. When the council, chaired by Giacomo Piccolomini as capitano del Popolo, decided on June 22nd, 1480 to drive the Monte dei Riformatori out of the government, a new Balia was elected on July 1st , which included Andrea Piccolomini and his brother.
In the following years Piccolomini was several times in the Balìa: in the two-month period November – December 1482, twice in 1483 and twice again in 1486. For two terms he was also capitano del Popolo (1482 and 1486). In 1483 he tried together with Bartolomeo di Landuccio, Cardinal Cybo, who was sent by Sixtus IV to pacify Siena, from the decision to leave the city after the failure of his mandate. During these years Piccolomini, together with his brother Francesco (cardinal and archbishop), was an authoritative representative of the Monte di Popolo and was often called upon to mediate.
In October 1482 , after an intervention, Andrea Piccolomini succeeded in attempting a conspiracy by some folk, Dodicini and Riformatori ; who tried to push through the election of a Balìa of the people, to suppress. After the unrest was over, he was elected to the new Signoria. In 1487, in anticipation of unrest, he had to leave the city and seek refuge in Castel Rosi with his brother, Cardinal Francesco. On July 22nd, 1487, the Nuovesci returned triumphantly to Siena and reorganized the state. It seems to be certain that Cardinal Francesco, who came to Siena on July 24th, 1487 accompanied by Andrea, took part in the coup d'état and contributed to the realization of the new equilibrium within the institutions. Historians therefore agree to give Piccolomini a recognized political authority. Among the returning exiles was Pandolfo Petrucci, leader of the Noveschi, who would soon head the government. In the following years Piccolomini was an indispensable interlocutor both for Pandolfo's opponents and for Petrucci himself. Andrea participated in political and public life until his death in September 1505.
Related Links
literature
- Roberta Mucciarelli: PICCOLOMINI, Andrea di Nanni. In: Raffaele Romanelli (ed.): Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (DBI). Volume 83: Piacentini – Pio V. Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, Rome 2015.
- Carla Zarilli: Farnese, Agnese. In: Fiorella Bartoccini (ed.): Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (DBI). Volume 45: Farinacci – Fedrigo. Istituto della Enciclopedia Italiana, Rome 1995.
- General historical encyclopedia in which life and the ... band 3 . Thomas Fritschen's blessed heirs, Leipzig 1731, p. 372 ( google.at ).
- Vittorio Spreti: Enciclopedia Storico Nobiliare Italiana 1928-1936 (Ristampa anastatica) . Forni Editore, Bologna 1981 (Italian).
Web links
Individual evidence
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Piccolomini Todeschini, Andrea |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Italian nobleman |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1445 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Sarteano or Siena |
| DATE OF DEATH | September 1505 |
| Place of death | Siena |