Comparison of offers
An offer comparison is used to compare offers from different suppliers , companies and shops from which services in the form of products or services are to be obtained.
General
An objective comparison of offers requires at least two offers for the same product / service with the same product quality / service quality . Market transparency must therefore be established for comparison of offers . In contracts for work and services available comparison is only possible if the terms of reference of the contractor are identical.
The comparison of offers forms the essential basis for a later purchase decision . This decision is often in favor of the lowest purchase price , but higher-level qualitative criteria such as customer credit , customer service , supplier credit , delivery service , delivery reliability , delivery time or regular customer can be decisive. When it comes to quality , durability and service life play a role. However, quality and performance comparisons cannot be precisely quantified, which is why a price comparison is often made alone.
In the Internet various support websites ( price comparison websites ) primarily to consumers in comparing the prices of products and services. However, the price calculation is much simpler because the end user is usually not granted any special discounts or discounts. The scope of the information often goes beyond the price and then includes reviews of other consumers or delivery times.
detection
If one abstracts from these qualitative aspects, mere price comparisons must include the various price components that are taken into account or not taken into account by different providers in the price labeling . Price components can also result from delivery and payment conditions.
The starting point is the list price , which enables the following comparison scheme:
| Goods A | Goods B | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| List purchase price per unit | € 1.05 | € 1.25 | ||
| * Amount | 1,500 | |||
| Total list purchase price | € 1,575 | € 1,875 | ||
| - Delivery discount | 30% | € 472.50 | 35% | € 656.26 |
| = Target purchase price | € 1,102.50 | € 1,218.75 | ||
| - Delivery discount | 3% | € 33.08 | 0% | 0 € |
| = Cash purchase price | € 1,069.43 | € 1,218.75 | ||
| + Purchase costs ( e.g. shipping) |
4% | € 42.78 | 2% | € 24.38 |
| = Purchase price (cost price) |
€ 1,112.20 | € 1,243.13 | ||
| : Amount | 1,500 | |||
| Subscription price per piece | € 0.74 | € 0.83 | ||
Since the price is the focus of a purchase decision, the forward calculation is used to determine the so-called reference price of the services offered, i.e. the price at which the buyer can purchase the service from the supplier including all expected costs and discounts. The prices and conditions are not necessarily based on an offer or an invitation to tender, but can also result from price lists , verbal agreements or the general terms and conditions .
In data processing , software ( merchandise management systems ) is usually used to support the computational comparison of offers , which makes it much easier to carry out the calculation shown. It is also conceivable that the current prices are fed in by the suppliers in real time via an internet connection so that the buyer can react to price changes by a supplier at any time.
economic aspects
A comparison of offers takes place for all economic subjects ( companies , private households and the state with its subdivisions). In companies, it is part of procurement management . Here supplier evaluations serve as reliable assessment criteria, so that the cheapest offer is not always the primary goal. In addition to the quantitative price comparison, the qualitative criteria are also summarized in a utility value analysis . Private households can only make comparisons of offers outside of an impulse purchase , so these require well-planned buying behavior . As public clients, states carry out bid comparisons through tenders ; the cheapest provider must be used here.
The result is the “optimal offer” which, taking into account all market and operational factors and all constraints, can be described as the cheapest, but by no means need to be the cheapest.
literature
- Literature on comparison of offers in the catalog of the German National Library
Individual evidence
- ↑ Achim Pollert / Bernd Kirchner / Javier Morato Polzin / Marc Constantin Pollert, Duden Wirtschaft von A bis Z , 2016, p. 255
- ↑ Manfred Weber, Kaufmännisches Rechnen von A - Z , 2005, p. 43
- ^ Klaus Hölzel, Gabler Lexicon Material-Economy & Purchasing , 1983, p. 18
- ^ Walter Dörsch, Purchasing Preparation , 1987, p. 24