Georgium

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Sphinxes at the main entrance
Roman ruin (seven pillars)
Ionian temple
Ruin bridge in the park
Memorial stone for Prince Johann Georg
Triumphal Arch (White Arch)

The Georgium is, next to the Wörlitzer Park, the most important landscape park in terms of art history in the Dessau-Wörlitz Garden Realm in the English style . He was founded by Prince Johann Georg , the younger brother of Prince Leopold III. Friedrich Franz von Anhalt-Dessau , created and named after him. Today it is located in the Dessau-Roßlau district of Ziebigk .

history

From 1780 on, Prince Johann Georg had Friedrich Wilhelm von Erdmannsdorff build a classicist country house north of the then city of Dessau in a floodplain forest . The surroundings of the building were converted into an English-style garden, similar to the Wörlitzer Park. It also received numerous classicist and romanticizing park buildings, sculptures, small-scale architecture and monuments that were harmoniously embedded in the landscape and nature.

The most important include the so-called guest house , the Roman ruins , an Ionic round temple as well as two replicas of antique archways and the monument to Prince Franz in antique clothing. The Beckerbruch (97 hectares), which adjoins the actual Georgengarten (21.3 hectares), was left as a meadow and quarry landscape, but also embellished with small architecture and monuments. The artistically landscaped park merges harmoniously with the natural landscape. Elbe pavilion and Wallwitzburg (artificial ruin) allow a wide view of the garden landscape along the Elbe. The mausoleum park , which was laid out between 1894 and 1896, is adjacent to the complex .

Anhaltische Gemäldegalerie

The Georgium Palace houses the Anhaltische Gemäldegalerie, in which old German and Dutch paintings can be seen. Furthermore, early original prints by Albrecht Durer and Lucas Cranach the Elder to admire, known among other Dürer's work Melencolia I .

The works in the picture gallery were relocated to the Solvayhall potash mine near Bernburg during World War II . Some works of art were stolen by US soldiers and later appeared on the American art market. In July 1945 the Red Army Trophy Commission confiscated the entire inventory and transported it to the Soviet Union in April 1946 : 800 paintings and 17,000 graphic sheets. In 1958/59 600 paintings, 1,000 hand drawings and 10,000 prints returned.

In January 2015, the museum was included in the Red List of Culture of the German Cultural Council in Category 2 and thus classified as endangered .

Anhaltische Gemäldegalerie Schloss Georgium in the catalog of the German National Library

See also

literature

  • Matthias Prasse: Arcadia on the Elbe River. Palaces and gardens between Wittenberg and Dessau Herrenhaus-Kultur-Verlag, Dresden 2010, ISBN 978-3-00-030860-4 , p. 67 ff.
  • Helmut Erfurth: Dessau, the English Garden . Anhalt Edition Dessau, Dessau 2003, ISBN 3-936383-05-7 .

Web links

Commons : Georgium  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. "Loss and Return". German-Russian Museum Dialog, Reiter Druck, Berlin 2008, p. 22
  2. Politics & Culture No. 1 January / February 2015, page 13 Cultural life : The Red List ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed March 15, 2015 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.kulturrat.de

Coordinates: 51 ° 50 ′ 40 ″  N , 12 ° 13 ′ 51 ″  E