Anisocoria
| Classification according to ICD-10 | |
|---|---|
| H57.0 | Pupillary dysfunction |
| Q13.2 | Anisocoria, congenital |
| ICD-10 online (WHO version 2019) | |
As Anisocoria (adjective: anisokor ; from ancient Greek. Ἀ (ν) - a (n) - , alpha privative , ἴσος isos , German, equal to 'Κόρη kore , German, pupil ') means a difference in the pupils widening of the eyes. In contrast, isocoria (adjective: isokor ) stands for the equality of the pupil sizes .
causes
A side difference of up to one millimeter in the pupil diameter is also possible in healthy eyes and can be considered a standard variant .
Pathological causes for a side difference in the pupil size can be neurological in nature such as lesions of the third cranial nerve , among other things as a result of acute intracranial pressure ( Clivus edge syndrome ), further brain stem damage (partly in the context of specific brain stem syndromes ) and also disorders of the cervical sympathetic tract (as part of the so-called Horner syndrome ). Pharmacological or toxicological effects are also possible, for example if mydriatics or miiotics in the form of eye drops have only got into one eye. In addition to neurological disorders of the efference , local causes can also be decisive for anisocoria, for example restricted movement of the iris in only one eye due to tears in the sphincter or synechiae as well as local inflammation in the area of the anterior eye. Another cause of pupillary differences is what is known as pupillotonia . Anisocoria can also occur in attacks (together with the headache) as part of a cluster headache .
See also
literature
- Th. Axenfeld (conception), H. Pau (ed.): Textbook and atlas of ophthalmology . With the collaboration of R. Sachsenweger et al., Stuttgart: Gustav Fischer Verlag, 1980, ISBN 3-437-00255-4
- Rudolf Sachsenweger: Neuroophthalmology . Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart; 3rd edition, (January 1983) ISBN 978-3-13-531003-9