Anna Pavlovna Filosofova

Anna Filosofova around 1880

Anna Pawlowna Filossofowa b. Djagilewa ( Russian Анна Павловна Философова урождённая Дягилева * August 5 ^{. Jul} / 17th August  1837 ^greg. In St. Petersburg , † March 17 ^jul. / 30th March  1912 ^greg. Ibid) was a Russian philanthropist and feminist .

Life

Anna Pavlovna was the oldest of nine children of the Perm merchant Pawel Dmitrijewitsch Djagilew and his wife Anna Ivanovna, née. Sulmeneva. The well-known impresario Sergei Pavlovich Dyagilev was her nephew. She grew up with governesses and learned French, German and to play the piano according to noble customs.

In 1855 Anna Pavlovna married the chief military procurator of the Russian Empire Vladimir Dmitrijewitsch Filossofow (1820-1894), on whose family seat in Beschanizy she got to know the social problems of the farmers. Her apartment became a meeting place for the Petersburg liberal aristocracy, where they also received Fyodor Mikhailovich Dostoyevsky .

In 1859 Anna Pavlovna, together with Nadeschda Wassiljewna Stassowa and Marija Wassiljewna Trubnikowa , the so-called women's triumvirate , founded the society for the acquisition of affordable housing and other support for needy residents of St. Petersburg and subsequently a number of workers' cooperatives, including a cooperative for translators. In the 1870s, they initiated the Bestuzhev -Frauenbildungskurse, which represented in 1876 the first woman university in Russia. Anna Pavlovna was one of the organizers of the Society for the Financial Promotion of Women's Education Courses (1878), for which she was only recognized by the Tsar in 1904. Her apartment was a center of social life in St. Petersburg. She supported revolutionaries materially, which is why she was exiled abroad from 1879 to 1881 and the family had to live more restrictedly.

Around 1890 Anna Pavlovna returned to public life by organizing aid for the hungry in the Volga region . In 1892 she joined the St. Petersburg Committee for the Advancement of Reading and Writing . In 1895 she founded and ran the Russian Women's Charity Society and in 1899 the Russian Charity Society . The International Women's Council elected her chairman in 1899.

Anna Pavlovna took part in the 1905 revolution and joined the Constitutional Democratic Party . In 1908 she headed the first Russian women's congress, but did not succeed in bringing the various factions together into a common women's movement. Then she received degrading letters from the radical right-wing Duma deputy Vladimir Mitrofanovich Purishkevich . She published the letters and sued Purishkevich, who was then sentenced to one month in prison.

In 1908 Anna Pavlovna joined the Russian Theosophical Society , of which she was one of the initiators. In 1911, the 50th anniversary of the beginning of their public activities was celebrated by representatives of more than a hundred women's organizations and Duma deputies in St. Petersburg's Mariinsky Palace .

Anna Pavlovna had inspired Alexander Alexandrowitsch Blok , whose parents had met in their salon, to write the poem The Retribution .

family

Anna Pavlovna had five children:

• Vladimir (1857-1929)
• Marija (1862- around 1920), married. Kamenetskaya, childless
• Pawel (1866–1923), shot dead after the Civil War
• Sinaida (1870–1966) married Aleksandr Nikolajewitsch Ratkow-Roschnow, left Russia in 1918 with her daughter, who married a prince Trubezkoi in exile , and died in exile in Canada .
• Dmitrij (1872–1940) emigrated to Poland .

swell

• Marianna Muravyeva: Filosofova, Anna Pavlovna, born Diaghileva (1837-1912) . In: Francisca de Haan, Krasimira Daskalova, Anna Loutfi (Eds.): Biographical Dictionary of Women's Movements and Feminisms in Central, Eastern, and South Eastern Europe: 19th and 20th Centuries . Central European University Press 2006, pp. 135-138.
• Live journal, history in photographs: Anna Pawlowna Filossofowa (Russian, accessed on September 16, 2015)
• Pskov Oblast, Beschanitsy Raion: Filossofowa Anna Pavlovna (Russian, accessed September 16, 2015)
• Ministry of Education and Science: Filossofowa Anna Pavlovna (Russian, accessed September 16, 2015)

Web links

Commons : Anna Filossofowa  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files