Ansgarikirchhof

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Ansgarikirchhof
Bremen coat of arms (middle) .svg
Place in Bremen
Ansgarikirchhof
Basic data
city Bremen
district Bremen-center
Created 13/14. Century
Confluent streets Obernstrasse , Hutfilterstrasse , Wandschneiderstrasse, Ansgaritorstrasse, Hanseatenhof
Buildings Commercial building
use
User groups Foot traffic
Space design Ansgar column
The old St. Ansgarii Church around 1839

The Ansgarikirchhof in Bremen is part of the inner-city pedestrian zone and is surrounded by commercial facilities, residential and office buildings in the area of ​​the western old town . The name of the square refers to the Ansgariikirche, which used to be there and was destroyed during the Second World War. The Ansgar column is on the square .

Several streets lead from Ansgariikirchhof, some of which, like the square itself , are closed to general vehicle traffic and dedicated to pedestrian traffic : Obernstrasse , Hutfilterstrasse , Wandschneiderstrasse and Ansgaritorstrasse. The Lloydhof shopping center is on the north side of the square and the Bremer Carrée on the east side , with the Hanseatenhof square in between. Today the Ansgarikirchhof is mainly dominated by the commercial building on the west side , the seat of the Bremen Chamber of Crafts .

history

Extract from the Merian plan from 1641: The Ansgariikirche, to the left of it the food stores of the later commercial building

On the square was the church of St. Ansgarii , which was destroyed in the Second World War , the ruins of which were torn down in the 1950s. This Gothic parish church was consecrated in 1243 and converted into a hall church at the end of the 14th century . The parish of St. Ansgarii was one of the four parishes and city quarters of Bremen. The Ansgarii parish school was located next to the church in the collegiate monastery at Ansgariikirchhof No. 8 and from 1856 to around 1895 in a new Ansgarii churchyard No. 14, which was destroyed in 1944. The church was the starting point of the Reformation in Bremen in 1522 with the sermon of the Augustinian monk Heinrich von Zütphen . The steeple, the highest in the city, served Carl Friedrich Gauß in the 19th century as a survey point for the first national survey. A plaque on the Ansgarikirchhof in front of the Bremer Carrée and a memorial in the adjacent Hanseatenhof remind us of his collaboration with Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel .

To the north of the Ansgariikirche, the Ansgariitor, also known as portam sancti Anscharii , stood as part of the Bremen city wall since 1299 . The city's debtor's tower was located above the gate . The gate was demolished in the course of the demolition until 1831. Two gatehouses of the Ansgariitorwache stood here from 1806/07 to 1875 and 1944 respectively. Ansgaritorstrasse is reminiscent of the gate.

On the west side of the square, formerly opposite the tower of the Ansgariikirche, is now the commercial building . One wing of the angular complex stands along the Wandschneiderstrasse, the other presents itself with magnificent late Renaissance decorations and a double gable facing the square. The building was built until 1621 as a guild house for wall cutters (= cloth merchants). It was not only used for meetings of the guild, but also provided space for celebrations, so that the term " food and wedding house" became established. In 1652 the Kramer bought the house; In 1861, when the freedom of trade was introduced , it was taken over by the Chamber of Commerce and has since been called the trade house. During the Second World War, only the large portal was spared from the destruction of the house; it was rebuilt.

The central library of the reading hall in Bremen was located in building no. 11 from 1902 to 1922 until the move to Breitenweg. The house with the most modern reading rooms of the time and the furnishings were a gift from Senator Victor Marcus .

The Ansgar monument was erected in 1865 as a marble group on a sandstone plinth based on a design by Carl Steinhäuser . The occasion was the 1000th anniversary of Archbishop Ansgar's death . The holy bishop takes the yoke from a boy kneeling in front of him in the monument. On September 1, 1944, the monument was destroyed by the collapsing tower of Ansgari Church. For this, a modern sculpture, the Ansgar column by Kurt-Wolf von Borries, was erected in 1965 .

The Ansgar column

Instead of the church, one of many Hertie department stores in Germany was built in the early 1960s . This was torn down at the end of the 1980s and replaced by the Bremer Carrée .

Buildings and monuments

Commercial building and Ansgar column
  • The under is on the west side of the square monument standing commercial building , seat of the Chamber of Crafts Bremen. The Alte Gilde restaurant has been located in the vaulted cellar since 1957 .
  • In addition, the so-called Finke high-rise was built around 1960 with a retail store on the lower floors and offices on the upper floors. Here u had a. the building authority Bremen has its seat.
  • The parking garage Am Brill der Brepark is located northwest of the square.
  • Ansgari Passage with apartments and offices was built on the north side in the 1980s . This building was redesigned in 1994 and renamed Lloydhof .
  • On the east side is the Bremer Carrée shop and commercial building built in the 1990s .
  • The south side is bounded by Obernstrasse and Hutfilterstrasse with their shops and commercial buildings.

Monuments

  • The bronze Ansgar column commemorates the medieval Ansgarii church that was destroyed during the war and was erected in 1965 in honor of the 1100th anniversary of the death of the Apostle of the North and first Archbishop of Bremen St. Ansgar .
  • The Friedrich-Wilhelm-Bessel monument ( Besselei ) stands on the adjacent Hanseatenhof .

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Weser-Kurier of April 29, 1994, page 13: "On marble floors in 25 shops"

Web links

Commons : St. Ansgarii (13th – 20th centuries)  - collection of images

Coordinates: 53 ° 4 ′ 43 "  N , 8 ° 48 ′ 11"  E