Bremen City Library

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Bremen City Library
founding	1902
Duration	550,600 (2017)
Library type	Public large city library of Section 1 in the German Library Association e. V. (dbv) (over 400,000 inhabitants)
place	Bremen
ISIL	DE-478
operator	Borough
management	Barbara Lison
Website	www.stabi-hb.de

The Bremen City Library is owned by the City of Bremen and is a municipal public library with a total of 550,600 media. It is one of the largest municipal libraries in northern Germany.

Library and locations

Mission and goals

The aim of the library is to "make a sustainable contribution to fulfilling the educational, cultural and informational mandate of the city of Bremen with a public, generally accessible centralized and decentralized media offering". All facilities of the city library serve the "social and cultural communication". Your rights and obligations are regulated in the Bremen Local Law (BremStBOG) of December 22, 1998.

With a budget of around 10.6 million euros (as of 2017), the city library offers 553,611 media. In 2017 around 2.5 million people visited the eight locations and loaned around 3.3 million media. 74,000 people have a library card. In 2017, a total of 2323 cultural events were held.

Locations

The city library is housed at the following locations:

The central library u. a. with the central children's library, the music department, the film DVD library and the crime story library is located in the Bremen-Mitte district in the former police house in what is now Wall-Forum , Am Wall (Lage) and is accessible from the tram, Domsheide stop and the Violenstrasse multi-storey car parks and Ostertor / culture mile easily accessible. It forms the western starting point of the “culture mile” .

Bus library of the city library

The library network includes six district libraries, a library point, the bus library, the library in the correctional facility and the partner library in the Bremen-Ost Clinic with the following locations:

• Huchting district library in the Roland-Center in Kirchhuchting (location)
• Lesum district library on Hindenburgstrasse in Lesum (location)
• Osterholz district library in the comprehensive school east in Walliser Straße in Osterholz (location)
• Vahr district library in the Berliner Freiheit shopping center in der Vahr (location)
• Vegesack district library in Aumunder Heerweg in Vegesack (location)
• Gröpelingen district library on Gröpelinger Bibliotheksplatz / Lindenhofstraße in Gröpelingen (location)
• Library point Hemelingen in the house of the Bremer Heimstiftung at Diedrich-Wilkens-Straße 18
• Library in the correctional facility; With a total of 10,000 media units it supplies the prisoners in the correctional facility in Oslebshausen and the correctional facility in Bremerhaven.
• Partner library in the Bremen-Ost Clinic on Züricher Strasse in Osterholz; it has around 5,500 books, audio cassettes and magazines for its patients. The medical library offers 11,000 books, journals and 50 journal subscriptions
• The bus library stops in Alt-Borgfeld , Arbergen , Arsten , Borgfelder Saatland , Farge , Findorff , habenhausen , Hemelingen , Kattenesch , Kattenturm-Mitte / Leher Feld , Mahndorf , Neustadt / Gartenstadt Süd , Peterswerder / Hastedt , Rablinghausen , Rekum , Rönnebeck , Schwachhausen , Seehausen and Weidedamm , Woltmershausen .

history

The Bremen City Library emerged from various predecessor libraries that wanted to convey reading in the context of popular education for broad strata.

Lending libraries since 1791

From 1791 the bookseller Hintemann had its first lending library on Sandstrasse. Further lending libraries followed, so that by 1800 already ten libraries in Bremen were lending out books. In the 19th century, several associations also maintained libraries for popular education, including, since 1802, the Association Recreation Am Ansgarikirchhof , the Bremen Bible Society founded in 1815, and the Association Vorwärts in Sandstrasse 5, founded in 1846 as a workers' education association .

In 1884, the Volksbildungsverein founded a Central People's Education Library . The library was soon supported by the Sparkasse Bremen . In four branches of the Sparkasse in the west, south and east of the city, public libraries were set up and there were traveling libraries for ships.

The unions that were formed in 1866 also set up a central workers' library , which later found its place in the union building. The Lessing Association , which resided at Geeren No. 3 in the old town, should also be mentioned.

Reading hall in Bremen since 1900

On December 30, 1900, on the initiative of Senator Dr. Victor Marcus (1849–1911) adopted the statutes of the Reading Hall Association in Bremen and entered it on January 12, 1901 in the city's register of associations. The association, which is considered the forerunner of the city library, had the goal of building and managing reading halls in Bremen. After an initial appeal, donations totaled 176,000 marks, which were intended to be used to purchase “political daily newspapers, weekly and monthly journals, commercial journals as well as scientific and aesthetic works”. In the same year the librarian Dr. Arthur Heidenhain (1862–1941) from Jena, one of the leading figures in the reading hall movement in Germany, was appointed head of the reading hall in Bremen , which is currently under construction . Under his leadership, the first reading room in Bremen was opened on May 15, 1902 at Ansgarikirchhof No. 11.

The house and furnishings were a gift from Senator Dr. Marcus. The reading room should be "more or less a lay library in the best sense of the word, as opposed to a scholarly library". In order to keep an institution alive without funds from the state, it not only required great commitment, but also generous help from sponsors. Many Bremen institutions and citizens donated small and large amounts, among them the Sparkasse, and again and again Marcus, now mayor, who donated large sums of money for the reading room from his own fortune.

Under the direction of Heidenhain, the reading hall developed into one of the most modern public libraries in Germany. In terms of library policy, Heidenhain stood for the professionalization of tasks, staff and especially the critical selection of books "as a counterweight to the economically oriented book market" and had already worked out the first systematic inventory of a public library as head of the book hall in Jena.

The number of readers in Bremen is steadily increasing and the book inventory increases from 7,000 volumes at the opening by 1906 to 17,000 volumes and numerous magazines in the inventory. Around 8,000 registered readers were registered in 1902, who had to pay lending fees since 1905. In 1907 the first branch with the name Lesehalle was opened in the west on Nordstrasse .

The economic development of the sponsoring association declined in view of the rapid inflation. In 1920 the reading hall, run as an association, made losses for the first time; the association's board had made the wrong decision to invest a large part of its assets in securities. In times of need, donors were sought after. In 1921 the reading room was closed for the first time for financial reasons. Heidenhain had long called for the city of Bremen to support the reading room, but the association's board had always been against it; he wanted to remain independent and independent. On May 1, 1922, the Bremen reading hall in the basement of the Bremen State Library (today: State and University Library Bremen) on Breitenweg was reopened with marginal municipal funding. In 1925 the branch in the west on Steffensweg also reopened. From 1932, the unemployed could borrow books for free. However, the reading hall continued to scrape along the subsistence level for the next few years. On June 19, 1933, the sponsoring association was dissolved by the general assembly and the reading room was nationalized in July 1933 - certainly not by chance at the same time as the start of the national socialist-directed harmonization of the entire literature business.

The book burnings of May 10, 1933 were particularly aimed at the public libraries, whose holdings were "cleansed" of literature of the "un-German spirit" - as was the case in Bremen. The well-deserved director of the reading room Arthur Heidenhain retired at the end of 1933 after almost 33 years of dedicated service, after the association's board had found a solution with the city of Bremen to pay him a retirement pension. In Heidenhain's employment contract with the association's board, nothing had been stipulated for illness or retirement. In the winter of 1933 Heidenhain moved to Tübingen, where he died in 1941 after a long illness.

Public library from 1933 to 1945

The director of the State Library, Hinrich Knittermeyer , took over the management of the reading hall on a temporary basis. The property of the reading room through the ownership of the house at Ansgarikirchhof was left to the city of Bremen. The reading hall was merged with the workers' central library of the trade unions and the library of the culture committee of the winter relief organization of the National Socialist People's Welfare (NSV) to form a public library working group .

Between 1933 and 1938 new branches were opened in Neustadt, in the east of Bremen, in Gröpelingen, Rablinghausen and Arsten. In 1936 the name was changed to People's Libraries and Dr. Kurd Schulz as head. During his term of office he continued to actively "clean up" the holdings of the literature banned by the National Socialists and modernize the library facilities, which he highlighted "as an instrument of National Socialist decision-making and training" . After the Second World War, Schulz was fired by the US military government because of his National Socialist activities.

In 1940 the main office of the public library moved into the building of a former private school, the Goethe Pedagogy on Breitenweg. In 1942 the main office of the public library was destroyed in a bomb attack. In 1943 the new main office in Legion-Condor-Straße (today: Parkstraße) was opened.

From the public library to the city library since 1945

In 1945 Werner Mevissen took over the management of the public libraries. In Bremen he implemented his ideas for the public library for all social groups and developed the public libraries through a concept of decentralization.

In 1947 the public libraries of the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen were separated from the Bremen State Library and continued as an independent municipal public library.

1957 was the opening of the central library at the Schüsselkorb in Bremen-Mitte. The library was to have its central location here until 2004.

The opening of the first patient library in the central hospital on Sankt-Jürgen-Straße in 1966 was followed by further facilities in the central hospital Links der Weser (1970), in the Evangelical Diakonissenanstalt (1973), in the Central Hospital East (1976) and in the Central Hospital North (1978).

City library since 1969

1969 it was renamed the public libraries of the City of Bremen in Bremen Public Library and the opening of the branch libraries Vahr, Lesum and Vegesack.

1974/75 the opening of the district or district libraries in Gröpelingen, Neustadt, Huchting and Osterholz, the graph library, the libraries in the penal institutions and the youth and school library on Vorkampsweg.

In 1976 Martha Höhl became director of the city library. The city's financial plight did not yet allow the construction of a new central library. A third of the specialist staff and ten branches were saved. With completely new concepts for public relations, Höhl led the institution through “difficult waters” and succeeded in introducing EDP, which is intended to fundamentally change library work in Bremen. With 2.8 million loans and slightly more than 100,000 registered users, the city library closed its most successful year since it was founded.

In 1980, a total of 44 libraries belonged to the network of the Bremen City Library: the central library with music department, four district and nine district libraries, twenty-one youth and school libraries, school library work, library in the vocational training center, graph library, bus library, five patient libraries and the libraries in the correctional facility . In 1981 the music department of the central library moved into its own building for reasons of space.

In 1983, after the reform of the prison libraries was completed, a central library was available in the Oslebshausen prison and four other libraries in pre-trial detention, the juvenile detention center, the women's detention center and the Bremerhaven detention center. In 1991 the new library bus was put into service.

In 1992 Barbara Lison took over the management and started the modernization and operational consolidation of the city library by downsizing the network, the introduction of cost and performance accounting and a new control model as well as the transfer to in-house operation. The planned dismantling in the Bremen public service from 1992 to 1996 also affected the city library. Four of the five patient libraries had to be closed; only the library in the Central Hospital East remained. After the threat of closing all youth and school libraries, the Senate decided to delegate twenty teachers to maintain the facilities in the schools.

In 1995 the Neustadt City Library was the first to be converted to electronic data processing.

In January 1997 the Deputation for Science and Art decided to restructure the city library. The consequence of this concept of “more effective use of resources” was the closure of the district libraries in Blumenthal, Horn-Lehe, Östliche Vorstadt, Hemelingen and Walle, the youth and school library in Parsevalstrasse and the takeover of the graphic library by the municipal gallery.

More recent development since 1999

Central library in the former Am Wall police station

In 1999, the Bremen City Library was converted into an in-house operation of the City of Bremen .

In 1999, the Gröpelingen district library moved into a library building on Lindenhofstraße designed by the Bremen architects Rosengart und Partner (since 2013: Gröpelinger Bibliotheksplatz).

The return of the graphic library to the network of the city library and the move of the Schüsselkorb central library to the former police station on Wall was decided by the Bremen Senate.

In 2002 the ceremony for the centenary of the city library took place in the Bremen town hall and in autumn the renovation of the old police station began.

The Vahr district library moved to the new Berliner Freiheit shopping center and the Huchting district library moved to the Roland Center . As a result, both institutions were able to increase their performance figures considerably.

The district library in Neustadt and the own location of the music library on the street, along with the grinding mill , were given up.

On October 6, 2004, the new Am Wall central library was opened on almost 7000 m².

Since 2000, the Bremen Crime Library , which is now also housed in the Central Library, has been documenting all German-language crime literature from 1965 onwards, as well as secondary literature and magazines, as a unique facility for German-language literature .

Awards

The Bremen City Library has received various awards many times, including a .:

• 2017 with the library award of the VGH Foundation for the library in the penal system in Bremen-Oslebshausen
• 2016 for the image film on the 111th anniversary with the international IFLA / AIB prize, awarded by the International Association of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA) and the Italian Library Association (AIB) as the world's best short film about libraries
• In 2015 with the main prize “The Colorful Key” at the Bremen Diversity Prize
• 2009 for the German Crime Library through the “ Germany - Land of Ideas ” initiative as a special contribution to Germany's cultural landscape
• 2006 of the Bürger-CERT in the field of gaming for the multi-media playground in the central library
• 2005 with the national reading promotion award, the “AusLese” award from the Reading Foundation and the Commerzbank Foundation
• In 2004 with the special award of the VGH Foundation for the West District Library for the district-oriented library work performed there

Holdings and media search

The city library has 553,611 media (as of 2017) , 11.5% of which are renewed annually. The media offer is divided into 177,519 non-fiction books, 117,856 books for children and young people, 77,723 novels, editions of works, poems and fairy tales, 137,703 non-print media, 15,787 sheet music, 2,500 pictures, sculptures and objects, 718 magazine and newspaper subscriptions and 44,085 virtual stocks.

• Holdings in the central library
  • 1st floor: reading, listening and seeing; Current contemporary literature, exciting novels, bestsellers, poetry, literary studies and reference works.
  • 2nd floor: looking up, researching, learning, knowledge and leisure
  • 3rd floor: children's library

• On-loan for electronic books, audio books, magazines, journals and music
• Digital library: The DigiBib has many different sources of information from library catalogs and literature databases under a uniform interface.
• Digital offers: The Bremen City Library can be used to a. use the offers from Naxos, video2brain and zinio.
• Art lending: graphics, photos and sculptures can be borrowed from 2,500 works of art.

management

• 1902 to 1933 Dr. Arthur Heidenhain
• 1933 to 1936 Dr. Hinrich Knittermeyer
• 1936 to 1945 Dr. Kurd Schulz
• 1945 to 1975 Werner Mevissen
• 1976 to 1992 Martha Höhl
• since 1992 Barbara Lison

literature

• Steffen Koller: "Mutmacherinnen": Barbara Lison has been working as director of the city library for 26 years, in: Kreiszeitung from November 5, 2018.
• Jürgen Theiner: City library is planning two new locations, in: Weser-Kurier from July 12, 2018.
• Erwin Miedtke: Arthur Heidenhain, the first librarian of the "Reading Hall in Bremen" from 1901–1933. An appreciation. In: Bremisches Jahrbuch, Volume 96, 2017, pp. 79–101.
• Kathrin Aldenhoff: Library card too often unused. In: Weser-Kurier from April 5, 2017
• Liane Janz and Edwin Platt: CENTRAL LIBRARY: A HOUSE OF DIVERSE CULTURE ON THE WALL. In: Weser-Kurier from October 19, 2014.
• Thomas Kuzaj: City Library: Miedtke is going into retirement. In: Kreiszeitung from October 16, 2014.
• The Senator for Culture: "My name is Erwin and I am a pensioner!". Farewell party for the deputy director of the Bremen City Library, Erwin Miedtke, October 15, 2014
• Erwin Miedtke: Bremen City Library: Ute Roese says goodbye to active service. In: Forum Musikbibliothek, Volume 35, Issue 2, July 2014, p. 47f.
• Bremer Straßenbahn AG and Bremen City Library are moving closer together . BSAG Bremen press release of January 31, 2014.
• Barbara Lison: Because they should know what they are doing: Health management in the Bremen City Library against the background of demographic change in the personnel area. In: "Challenge accepted!" (2014), pp. 341–352.
• Barbara Block and Erwin Miedtke: New in the GBV - the holdings of the Bremen City Library in the GVK . In VZG Aktuell , issue 2, pp. 11-14.
• Sara Sundermann: Ten years of Kulturzentrale am Wall. In: Weser-Kurier from October 7, 2014
• Jennifer Lucas: The library as a place for intercultural encounters, Wiesbaden: BITVerlag, 2013, ISBN 978-3-934997-47-9 , pp. 97–110.
• Solveig Rixmann: Even borrowing is child's play, in: Weser-Kurier from July 28, 2013
• Anne Gerling: New in the city map soon: The Gröpelinger library square. In: Weser-Kurier from December 15, 2013
• Liane Janz: A home visit to the central library: Print is still in vogue, schoolchildren are conquering the learning islands. Place of silence and discussion. In: Weser-Kurier from August 11, 2013.
• Ann-Cathrin Schäfer and Viktoria Zimmermann: Deadly Butter Cake. The student project "Arsen & Die" develops a multimedia room installation for the crime library in Bremen. In: Impetus. Magazine of the Hamburg University of Applied Sciences, 17, 2012, pp. 30–31.
• Ute Krauß-Leichert and Erwin Miedtke: Gesche Gottfried - from serial offender to library icon . In: BuB: Forum Library and Information; 2012, Vol. 64 Issue 11/12, p786-789, 4p
• Solveig Rixmann: Knowledge is just a mouse click away. Wilhelm Olbers School and City Library open E-Lounge. In: Weser-Kurier of October 18, 2012.
• Erwin Miedtke: New trends around e-books . ppt lecture on 9.3.012.
• Thomas Joppig: Bremer Zentralbibliothek: Sunday opening still under discussion, in: Weser-Kurier from April 2, 2012
• Library is open on Sundays In: taz. the daily newspaper of March 31, 2012
• Erwin Miedtke: Sustainable improvement of gender competence: objectives, approaches and first experiences of the Bremen City Library. In: Innovative Verwaltung 33 (2011), 11, pp. 27–30.
• Erwin Miedtke (Эрвин Мидтке): Library in a full variety of meanings (Библиотека во всем многообразии смыслов, Тезисы квыступлению). In: INFORMACIONNYJ BULLETIN RBA, Official Journal of the Russian Library Association; 2011, No. 60, pp. 104-107 ISSN  1991-8062
• Small but nice and for literature fans (report on the opening of the library point, a joint project of the city library and the Bremer Heimstiftung), in: Bremer Heimstiftung aktuell, No. 3 / July - September 2011, p. 21.
• Carola Bury: "E-Lounge - Learning with and without books in the Internet age", in: https://www.gew-hb.de/aktuelles/detailseite/neuheiten/e-lounge from March 16, 2011.
• Erwin Miedtke: Gender-specific objectives. Approaches and first experiences in the Bremen City Library. In: The gender factor: power or new dialogue? With a gender perspective on libraries or libraries with a gender perspective. Simon publishing house for library knowledge. Berlin 2010, ISBN 978-3-940862-20-4 , pp. 167-184.
• Erwin Miedtke: Learning to read / learn to live - in digital culture as a special task of public libraries for children and young people. In: BITonline, issue 3/2009
• Guntram Schwotzer: From a children's dream to a children's room . Planning children's libraries with children. In: Building and equipping libraries (library construction), pp. 288–301.
• The Senator for Culture: "Those who burn books also burn people". Mayor Jens Böhrnsen recalls the book burnings in Bremen 75 years ago in the central library (May 8, 2008)
• Erwin Miedtke City Library Bremen. Customer Satisfaction and Personnel Development , PowerPoint PPT Presentation, 2008
• Erwin Miedtke: www.literaturhaus-bremen.de. The Bremen City Library is involved in the Bremen Virtual Literature House. In: Bern libraries. Information for school and community libraries. Issue 81, October 2008, pp. 10-14.
• Senate Chancellery press release from August 31, 2006: Mayor's books should also be accessible to the public. Jens Böhrnsen personally brought three volumes to the city library
• Erwin Miedtke: For a culture of reading and learning. From the “Reading Hall Association” to the “Friends of the Bremen City Library e. V. ". In: With a little help from my friends: circles of friends and support associations for libraries; a manual. Bad Honnef: Bock + Herchen, 2005
• Peter Hombeck: Karlheinz Wallraf 1914-2004. In: Journal of Libraries and Bibliography / Special Issues. - Frankfurt, M: Klostermann. ISSN  0514-6364 , ZDB-ID 201078-1 - Volume 51.2004, p. 259.
• Herbert Black Forest : The Great Bremen Lexicon . Edition Temmen , Bremen 2003, ISBN 3-86108-693-X .
• Barbara Lison and Monika Steffens: A new central library for Bremen zs. with Monika Steffens. In: LIBRARY Research and Practice, 2003, Vol. 27 (1-2) [Peer Reviewed Journal]
• Christoph Köster: The Whole World of Media - A Century City Library Bremen. Edition Temmen, Bremen 2002, ISBN 3-86108-673-5 .
• Christoph Wirth: History of the Bremen City Library: Bremen libraries through the ages; scientific work as part of a research project 100 Years of Bremen City Library ", Erfurt, 2003
• Library goes Singapore: Learn from the city-state and - "peep" : Singapore's libraries are considered to be trend- setting . That is why several people from Bremen are now going there. In: taz of April 27, 2001
• Erwin Miedtke: From BINE to Ileks. In: Internet in public libraries - up (to) date! Edited by Marion Sommerfeld. Dbi materials 181. Berlin: German Library Institute 1999, ISBN 3-87068-981-1 , pp. 67-81.
• Police Bremen (Ed.): The Bremen Police House . The architecture - the office - the people. 1st edition. Aschenbeck & Holstein, Delmenhorst 1999, ISBN 3-932292-19-7 .
• Heidi Best, Erwin Miedtke, Birte Plutat: Internet access for public libraries: booth and opportunities for cooperation. On the way to the virtual library. Customer service between quantity and quality. In: 3rd InetBib conference in the University and City Library of Cologne from March 4-6, 1998. Dortmund 1998
• Peter Petsch: The effective library. Final report of the project. "Application and testing of a marketing concept for public libraries", Volume I: Texts, Berlin, GERMAN LIBRARY INSTITUTE 1992
• DBI project "Marketing for Public Libraries" at the Bremen City Library / Part 3: Use and evaluation of the Bremen City Library: Evaluation of the Forsa representative survey of October 1991 / Introduction and commentary by Peter Petsch, Bremen 1992
• Erwin Miedtke: Goethe in the Bremen City Library. In: Goethe-Gesellschaft in Weimar Bremen local association:: Annual booklet // Bremen local association of the Goethe-Gesellschaft in Weimar. - Bremen, ZDB-ID 12925020, Volume 1993.1993, pp. 47-48.
• Erwin Miedtke: The library in the district. In: Library Service. Volume 19, issues 1-6. 1985
• Erwin Miedtke and Ingo Mose: Writing campaign in Bremen-Huchting. In literary no man's land. In: Buch und Bibliothek, 37 (1985), Heft 4, p. 270.
• Borrowing pictures like books: 10 years of graphical library in the Bremen City Library , [Ed .: Peter Hombeck; Gerd-Peter Patz], Bremen, City Library 1985
• Erwin Miedtke: The cultural center of the district. In: Buch und Bibliothek, 37 (1985), Heft 5, pp. 395-396.
• Ingrid Kohlmeyer and Erwin Miedtke: Nice literature. In: Buch und Bibliothek, 35 (1983), Heft 11/12, pp. 855-856.
• 75 [seventy-five] years Bremen City Library: development and Perspectives , ed. from the city library. Bremen u. Press and Information dept. d. Senate, Bremen, [1976]
• Library six and seventy ['76] International: Review and Outlook, a friend gift for Werner Mevissen on his 65th birthday on April 16, 1976 , Ed .: Karl-Heinz Wallraf, Bremen City Library 1976
• Between library and library: the public libraries of the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen 1969; Situation and problems , Bremen, Public Libraries of the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen 1969

Web links

Commons : Central Library Bremen  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Bremen
• http://www.bibliotheksverband.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Mitglieder/Handbuch_ParxisA_Miedtke.pdf
• http://www.stabi-hb.de/Aktuelles.html?news=2472
• http://www.weser-kurier.de/bremen_artikel,-Ort-der-Stille-und-der-Diskussion-_arid,633518.html
• http://www.nwzonline.de/bremen/bibliothek-mit-preis-ausgezeich_a_6,1,4055215142.html
• Michael Weisser: am: wort: ort - an intermedia art project as homage to the word for the 110th anniversary of the Bremen City Library in the rooms of the Central Library in 2012.
• http://www.weser-kurier.de/bremen_artikel,-Selbst-aushaben-ist-kinderleicht-_arid,623386.html
• http://www.treffpunkt-bibliothek.de/downloads/file/Dokumente,%20Sonstiges%202011/Radio%20Auswahl_Treffpunkt%20Bibliothek%202011.pdf
• http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/miscellanies/bibliothekenheute-37588/194/PDF/194.pdf
• docplayer.org

Individual evidence

1. ↑ stabi-hb.de: Library in Numbers (2014). ( Memento of the original from June 11, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved May 20, 2015. 
2. ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original from January 7, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
3. ↑ bibliotheksverband.de
4. ↑ Christoph Köster: The whole world of the media - a century of Bremen city library. Edition Temmen, Bremen 2002, ISBN 3-86108-673-5 , p. 24.
5. ^ Miedtke, Erwin: Arthur Heidenhain, the first librarian in the "Reading Hall in Bremen" from 1901–1933. An appreciation, in: Bremisches Jahrbuch, Volume 96, 2017, pp. 79–101.
6. ↑ nwzonline.de
7. ^ Miedtke, Erwin: Arthur Heidenhain, the first librarian in the "Reading Hall in Bremen" from 1901–1933. An appreciation, in: Bremisches Jahrbuch, Volume 96, 2017, pp. 79–101.
8. ^ List of banned authors during the Nazi era
9. ↑ Christoph Köster: The whole world of the media - a century of Bremen city library. Edition Temmen, Bremen 2002, ISBN 3-86108-673-5 , p. 51.
10. ↑ Christoph Köster: The whole world of the media - a century of Bremen city library. Edition Temmen, Bremen 2002, ISBN 3-86108-673-5 , p. 51.
11. ↑ weser-kurier.de
12. ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original dated January 30, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
13. ↑ acortodilibri.wordpress.com
14. ↑ bz-sh-medienvermittlung.de
15. ↑ senatspressestelle.bremen.de
16. ↑ heise.de
17. ↑ nwzonline.de
18. ↑ Bremen City Library - On-site offers / digital offers. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on September 20, 2017 ; accessed on September 20, 2017 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
19. ↑ (Kreiszeitung.de)
20. ↑ (weser-kurier.de)
21. ↑ Historische-bremen.de
22. ↑ weser-kurier.de
23. ↑ weser-kurier.de
24. ↑ Kreiszeitung.de
25. ↑ senatspressestelle.bremen.de
26. ↑ bsag.de
27. ↑ gbv.de
28. ↑ weser-kurier.de
29. ↑ https://www.weser-kurier.de/bremen/stadtteile_artikel,-Selbst-aushaben-ist-kinderleicht-_arid,623386.html , last accessed on November 19, 2019.
30. ↑ weser-kurier.de
31. ↑ weser-kurier.de
32. ↑ epub.sub.uni-hamburg.de
33. ↑ weser-kurier.de
34. ↑ bibliotheksverband.de
35. ↑ https://www.weser-kurier.de/bremen/bremen-wirtschaft_artikel,-Sonntagsoeffnung-weiterhin-im-Gespraech-_arid,116611.html , last accessed on November 19, 2019.
36. ↑ kdz.eu
37. ↑ bremerhs.files.wordpress.com
38. ↑ querelles-net.de
39. ↑ bit-online.de
40. ↑ edoc.hu-berlin.de
41. ↑ senatspressestelle.bremen.de
42. ↑ slideserve.com
43. ↑ bibliobe.ch
44. ↑ senatspressestelle.bremen.de
45. ↑ ib.hu-berlin.de
46. ↑ bibliotheksverband.de
47. ↑ taz.de
48. ↑ eldorado.tu-dortmund.de