Antinoupolis

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Mummy portrait from Antinoupolis

Antinoupolis (also Antinooupolis Ἀντινόου πόλις , Antinoopolis or Antinoë , in today's Sheikh Ibada ) was a Roman city in Egypt , about 300 km south of Cairo on the east side of the Nile , across from Hermopolis Magna .

Old Egypt

Antinoupolis stood on the site of an older city. A temple there was built by Ramses II . However, the remains of the temple no longer provide any information about which deity it was consecrated to. However, the reliefs often show the god Thoth and more rarely Khnum . Furthermore, the foundations of a chapel have been discovered by Akhenaten and some of the graves there date from the First Intermediate Period.

Roman foundation

The Roman emperor Hadrian had Antinoupolis rebuilt in honor of his late Eromenos Antinous in October 130. The city quickly became one of the largest cities in Upper Egypt and was richly equipped with public buildings. She had a city map with streets intersecting at right angles, the main streets of which were decorated with colonnades . There was a hippodrome , at least one bathroom with a marble basin, a triumphal arch , three temples; two of them were evidently dedicated to the goddess Isis and Serapis . The city's necropolis produced numerous portraits of mummies .

In 2013 it became known that the archaeological remains of the city had recently been partially destroyed by illegal construction and robbery excavations.

literature

  • Richard Pietschmann : Antinoupolis 2 . In: Paulys Realencyclopadie der classischen Antiquity Science (RE). Volume I, 2, Stuttgart 1894, Col. 2442.
  • S. Donadoni, A. Spallanzani Zimmermann, L. Bongrani Fanfoni: Antinoe 1965–1968. Missione archeologica in Egitto dell'Università di Roma. Rome 1974.
  • Samy Shenouda:  Antinoöpolis (Sheik-'Ibada) Egypt . In: Richard Stillwell et al. a. (Ed.): The Princeton Encyclopedia of Classical Sites. Princeton University Press, Princeton NJ 1976, ISBN 0-691-03542-3 .
  • DL Thompson: The lost city of Antinous . In: Archeology. 34, 1981, No. 1, pp. 44-50.
  • E. Mitchell: Osservazioni topografiche preliminari sull'impianto urbanistico di Antinoe. In: Vicino Oriente. 5, 1982, pp. 171-179.
  • G. Uggeri: I monumenti paleocristiani di Antinoe. In: Atti del V Congresso nazionale di archeologia cristiana. Torino 22-29 September 1979. Rome 1982, pp. 657-688.
  • Ida Baldassarre, I. Bragantini: Antinoe, necropoli meridionale, saggi 1978. In: Annales du Service des antiquités de l'Egypte. 69, 1983, pp. 157-166.
  • Ida Baldassarre: Alcune riflessioni sull'urbanistica di Antinoe (Egitto). In: Annali. Sezione di archeologia e storia antica. Istituto universitario orientale di Napoli. Dipartimento di studi del mondo classico e del Mediterraneo antico. 10, 1988, pp. 275-284.
  • Michael Zahrnt : Antinoopolis in Egypt: The Hadrianic foundation and its privileges in recent research. In: Rise and Fall of the Roman World . II, 10, 1, Berlin 1988, pp. 669-706.
  • Alfred Grimm, Dieter Kessler, Hugo Meyer: The Obelisk of Antinous. An annotated edition. Fink, Munich 1994 ( online ).
  • Antinoe cent'anni dopo. Catalogo della mostra Firenze 10 luglio - 1st November 1998. Istituto papirologico G. Vitelli, Firenze 1998.
  • Donald M. Bailey: A ghost palaestra at Antinoopolis. In: The Journal of Egyptian Archeology. 85, 1999, pp. 235-239.
  • Tarek Swelim : Antinoopolis. In: Kathryn A. Bard (Ed.): Encyclopedia of the Archeology of Ancient Egypt. Routledge, London 1999, ISBN 0-415-18589-0 , pp. 139-141.
  • Peter Grossmann .: For the reconstruction of the South Church of Antinoopolis . In: Vicino Oriente. 12, 2000, pp. 269-281.
  • Silvia Pasi: Gli affreschi della necropoli meridionale di Antinoe. In: Ricerche di egittologia e di antichità copte. 6, 2004, pp. 107-130.
  • Rosario Pintaudi (Ed.): Antinoupolis I. Firenze 2008.
  • Daniele Castrizo: Le monete della Necropol Nord di Antinoupolis. Firenze 2010.
  • Rosario Pintaudi (Ed.): Antinoupolis II. Firenze 2014.

Web links

Commons : Antinoupolis  - Collection of Images

Remarks

  1. ↑ Antinoupolis: Ongoing destruction (PDF, 1.9 MB).

Coordinates: 27 ° 49 '  N , 30 ° 53'  E