Antoine Furetière

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Antoine Furetière

Antoine Furetière (born December 28, 1619 in Paris , † May 14, 1688 ibid) was a French writer and scholar , but above all an important encyclopedist .

Life

Furetière came from a middle-class Parisian background, but was able to get a good education and even a law degree and buy a smaller royal office. In addition, he was given the minor ordinations in order - with success - to get benefices that could secure him an adequate life. As a clergyman, he was in charge of the abbey in Chalivoy and the provost of Chuisnes.

Otherwise he frequented Parisian literary circles, was active in various genres (e.g., like Paul Scarron , he wrote a burlesque parody of the Æneis in 1649 ) and was a feared satirist and literary critic. In 1662 he became a member of the Académie française . In 1666 he brought out Le Roman bourgeois ("Der Bürgerroman"), a parody of the heroic-gallant novel à la Madeleine de Scudéry , which Furetière sought to contrast with a realistic counterpart played in bourgeois circles (which, because of lengthy passages, was significantly less in contemporaries It met with more interest than today's literary historians).

Furetière was to become important above all as a scholar: Since his work on the dictionary, which had been written by the Académie française since 1637 and on which he had been involved since his appointment in 1662, progressed too slowly and developed too literature-related, he created his own Dictionaire universel, Contenant generalement tous les mots françois tant vieux que modern, & les termes de toutes les sciences et des arts (“Universal dictionary, generally all French, old and new, containing words and technical terms from all sciences and arts”). After Furetière announced his work in 1684 (and acquired the inevitable royal printing privilege), the Académie accused him of intellectual theft, prevented printing and even banned him in 1685. Furetière died bitterly and without seeing the first edition of his three-volume work, which was published by the important early enlightenment artist Pierre Bayle in 1690 in The Hague and Rotterdam. Other editions: 1691, 1694, 1701, 1702, 1708, 1725, 1727.

The encyclopedists were and still are "the Furetière", which, unlike the puristic and normative Académie dictionary, which was first published in 1694, also lists colloquial and technical meanings and also the etymology of words, as an important source for the French language of the 17th century. Century . His work became the model for many later dictionaries .

Works

Allegorical representation of grammar, its disciplines as armies. From Antoine Furetières Nouvelle Allegorique, Ou Histoire Des Derniers Troubles Arrivez Au Royaume D'Eloquence (1659).
  • Antoine Furetière, Wolfgang Tschöke (translator, ed.): The citizen novel . Stroemfeld / Roter Stern, Basel / Frankfurt am Main 1992, ISBN 3-87877-243-2 . there directory of the French issues

literature

  • Antoine Adam: Histoire de la littérature française du 17e siècle. 5 volumes. Paris 1948–1956 (and new edition)
  • Fabienne Gégou: AF, Abbé de Chalivoy ou la chute d'un immortel. Ed. Librairie A. Nizet. Paris 1962.
  • Georges Montgrédien: La vie de société aux 17e et 18e siècles. Paris 1950.
  • Nicolet: La condition de l'homme de lettres au 17e siècle a travers l'oeuvre de deux contemporains (Charles Sorel & AF.) In: Revue d'histoire littéraire de la France. No. 63, 1963.
  • Gustave Reynier: Le roman réaliste au 17e siècle. Hachette, Paris 1914.
  • Jean Serroy: Roman et réalité. Les histoires comiques au 17e siècle. Paris 1981, ISBN 2-85210-009-6 .
  • F. Wey: AF. Sa vie, ses oeuvres, ses démélés avec l'Académie française. In: Revue contemporaire, Paris 1852.
  • Gunter Berger: The comical-satirical novel and its readers. Poetics, function & reception of a lower genre in France in the 17th century. Winter, Heidelberg 1984, ISBN 3-533-03372-4 .
  • Gerhard Goebel: On the narrative technique in the "Histoires comiques" of the 17th century ( Charles Sorel & AF) Diss. Phil. Free University of Berlin 1965
  • W. Leiner: The dedication letter in French literature 1580 - 1750. Heidelberg 1965.
  • Kurt Leuschner: AF and his dispute with the French academy. Berlin 1915 (or: Erlangen 1915 Diss. Med.)

Web links

Notes and individual references

  1. ↑ a b He belonged to the "Parliamentary Advocates" and the "Fiscal Procureurs bey der Königl. Abbey of S. Germain des Prez ”. Johann Gottfried Walther : Musical Lexicon […]. Wolffgang Deer, Leipzig 1732, p. 268.
personal data
SURNAME Furetière, Antoine
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French writer and scholar, especially lexicographer
DATE OF BIRTH December 28, 1619
PLACE OF BIRTH Paris
DATE OF DEATH May 14, 1688
Place of death Paris