Antoine III. de Gramont
Antoine III. de Gramont (* 1604 at Hagetmau Castle ; † July 12, 1678 in Bayonne ) was a French military, diplomat and statesman who held the post of Marshal of France from 1641 . He was also Viceroy of Navarre and Béarn and Governor of Bayonne. His titles included Duke of Gramont, Count of Guiche and Louvigny, "Souverain de Bidache " and Knight of the Order of the Holy Spirit .
Life
Antoine de Gramont came from the old southern French noble family Gramont . His father was Antoine II. De Gramont , 1st Duke of Gramont, his mother was Louise († 1610), daughter of Marshal Roquelaure (1543-1623).
Gramont was an avid partisan of Richelieu . It is said that he once said in the drink that he cared more about Richelieu than about the king and the entire royal house. Since then, the cardinal promoted him with particular emphasis. In 1634 Gramont married his niece Françoise-Marguerite du Plessis de Chivré († 1689), the daughter of Hector de Chivré, seigneur du Plessis.
Gramont took part in many battles of the Thirty Years War, became Marshal of France on September 22, 1641 and in 1643 received the title of duke for himself and his descendants from Louis XIV . In 1645 he was captured in the battle of Alerheim . In 1653 he became Minister of State, in 1657 French Ambassador to the Reichstag in Frankfurt am Main and in 1660 campaigned for the king to win the hand of Infanta Maria Teresa of Spain . From 1661 to 1671 he was the first Colonel Général des Gardes françaises. He died in 1678.
His son Antoine Charles IV. De Gramont published his memoirs ( “Mémoires du maréchal de Gramont”, Paris 1716, 2 volumes) . Another son was Count Armand de Guiche (1637–1673), who left valuable memoirs on the war against Holland (London 1744).
A younger (half) brother of Antoine III. was the Count Philibert de Gramont (1621-1707) known for his love affairs, whose memoirs: "Mémoires du chevalier de Gramont" ( London 1713; published by Brunet, Paris 1859, by Sainte-Beuve , 1866) his brother-in-law Anthony Hamilton published Has.
See also: Gramont (noble family)
Fiction
Antoine III. As Comte de Guiche, de Gramont is one of the main characters in Edmond Rostand's Cyrano de Bergerac .
literature
- Warren H. Lewis : Assault on Olympus. The rise of the House of Gramont between 1604 and 1678. Harcourt, Brace and Company, New York NY 1958.
Web links
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Gramont, Antoine III. de |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Gramont, Antoine III. Agénor de Gramont-Toulongeon 2nd duc de (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | French military and diplomat |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1604 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Hagetmau Castle |
| DATE OF DEATH | July 12, 1678 |
| Place of death | Bayonne |