Anton van den Wyngaerde

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Signature of Anton van den Wyngaerde (1565).
View of Barcelona 1563 by Anton van den Wyngaerde

Anton van den Wyngaerde (Spanish also Antonio de las Viñas ; * approx. 1512–1525 in Antwerp ; † May 7, 1571 in Madrid ) was a Flemish vedute painter in the epoch of Siglo de Oro (Spain's Golden Age). In the service of Philip II of Spain, he made numerous views of cities in the Spanish kingdom .

Stay in England

The London Bridge at the time of the Tudors . Drawing from the seven-part city view of London from Wyngaerde

Wyngaerde was probably twice in England . Between about 1543 and 1550 he created a large panorama picture of London , consisting of seven individual parts (the first, larger city view of London known today). The second time, from 1554 to 1557, he made views of the places Philip II had visited during the time of his marriage to Mary I of England .

1557–58 Wyngaerde accompanied the Spanish troops to France and recorded the events of the Battle of Saint-Quentin in a few drawings.

In the service of Philip II

Detail from Wyngaerde's drawing of the city of Valencia

In 1561, Philip II commissioned Wyngaerde, together with a group of cartographers under the direction of Pedro Esquivel, to map the Iberian Peninsula . While the mathematician Esquivel mainly created small-scale maps using geodetic surveying methods , Wyngaerde used the Albertian perspective to draw large-scale cityscapes. As far as is known today, Wyngaerde's views of 62 cities were drawn on several trips between 1563 and 1571. According to Philip's plans, the results of this work should actually flow into a larger work, the Relaciones Histórico-Geográficas - a cosmography similar to the Cosmographia by Sebastian Münster . However, the Relaciones never came to an end.

After Wyngaerde's death in 1571, Philipp sent the drawings to the printer Christoffel Plantijn in Antwerp ; where, however, they were no longer published for unexplained reasons. But it is precisely due to the fact that the vedute were not engraved in copper that the original drawing sheets have been preserved. Most of the time the drawings were destroyed during the transfer to the printing plate. Thus Wyngaerde's drawing sheets and sketches are today an important testimony to the working methods of the vedute painters of that time. Most of Wyngaerde's sketches were preserved and some of them were stored at the Habsburg court in Prague and in the Austrian National Library . In 1989, the preserved Spanish cityscapes were first published in collected form by Richard L. Kagan in Cities of the Golden Age .

literature

  • Richard L. Kagan : Cities of the Golden Age . The Views of Anton Van den Wyngaerde. Univ of California Press, Berkeley 1989, ISBN 978-0-520-05610-7 .
  • Egbert Haverkamp-Begemann: Master drawings . The Spanish views of Anton van den Wyngaerde. 1969.

Web links

Commons : Anthonis van den Wijngaerde  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
  • Miguel-Ángel Caballero Sánchez: Las vistas de El Puerto de Santa María en 1567 de Antón Van den Wyngaerde: pautas interpretativas y análisis de contenidos . In: Revista de Historia de El Puerto . 1989, ISSN  1130-4340 ( online (Spanish) ).

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Ida Darlington, James L. Howgego: Printed maps of London circa 1553–1850 . S. 7 .
  2. ↑ Nils Büttner: The invention of the landscape . Cosmography and Landscape Art in the Age of Bruegel. ( online ).
  3. ^ Richard L. Kagan: Philip II and the Art of the Cityscape . In: Journal of Interdisciplinary History . tape 17 , no. 1 , 1986 ( online ).
personal data
SURNAME Wyngaerde, Anton van den
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Viñas, Antonio de las
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Flemish vedute painter and cartographer
DATE OF BIRTH between 1512 and 1525
PLACE OF BIRTH Antwerp
DATE OF DEATH May 7, 1571
Place of death Madrid