Anyuan temple

The Anyuan Temple or Temple of Pacifying the Far Areas ( 安 远 庙 , Ānyuǎn miào , English Anyuan Temple / The Temple of Pacifying the Outlying Areas / The Temple of Consolation for People from Afar / etc. ) is one of the Eight Outer Temples in Chengde (Jehol) in the Chinese province of Hebei . The Buddhist temple is located east of the Wulie River on a hill. It was completed in 1764. Its architectural style mimics that of the Gulja Temple on the Ili River in Xinjiang , which is why it is also called Ili Temple . The original temple was destroyed during the Djungarian Wars. The temple was for the more than 6,000 people of the Dashidawa clan of Dsungarian Mongols built that here in 1759 after the conquest of Zungars settled by the Qing. The plant covers an area of ​​approximately 28,000 square meters.

Its three-story main hall standing on sixty-four columns, the Pudu Hall, is covered with black glazed bricks. It has Tibetan style elements . A green Tara statue is on an altar in the first part, in the second the Buddhas of the Three Times ( Trikala -Buddhas) and in the third Yamantaka are venerated. The four walls of the first two parts are covered with images of Buddhist stories. In front of the hall there is a memorial plaque in four languages ​​with stone engravings in Manchurian , Chinese , Mongolian and Tibetan script , which tells of the Djungarian rebellion.

Anyuan Temple ( Anyuan miao ) has been on the list of monuments of the People's Republic of China (3-122) since 1988 .

literature

• Erich Haenisch : The four-lingual founding inscription of the An-yüan-miao temple in Jehol from the year 1765 (= treatises of the Academy of Sciences and Literature. Humanities and social science class. Born 1950, Volume 15). Verlag der Wissenschaft und der Literatur in Mainz (commissioned by Franz Steiner Verlag, Wiesbaden), PDF; 7.5 MB.
• James A. Millward: What did the Qianlong court mean by "huairou yuanren"? An examination of Manchu, Mongol and Tibetan Translations of the Term as it Appears in Chengde Steles . Georgetown University.

reference books

• Zhongguo da baike quanshu: Wenwu. Bowuguan [Great Chinese Encyclopedia: Volume of Cultural Objects. Museums]. Beijing: Zhongguo da baike quanshu chubanshe, 1993

References and footnotes

1. ↑ Unusual for a Buddhist temple is the name with the Chinese miao (instead of the usual si ).
2. ↑ From originally eleven.
3. ↑ Or Gurzha Temple, Guerzha Temple, etc. 固 尔扎 庙 , Gu'erzha miao , English Guerzha Temple .
4. ↑ 伊犁河 , Yili He
5. ↑ 伊犁 庙 , Yili miao , English Ili Temple
6. ↑ 达什达瓦 部
7. ↑ yeschinatour.com ( Memento from September 19, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) (found on October 20)
8. ↑ 普度 殿 , Pudu dian , also 普渡 殿 , Pudu dian
9. ↑ On this form of roofing in Buddhist architecture, cf. china-guide.de ( memento from June 3, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) (found on October 20).
10. ↑ 绿 度 母 , Lü Dumu , more rarely also 绿 渡 母 . According to www.doncroner.com (found on October 20th) this is said to be Kshitigarbha .
11. ↑ 三世 佛 Sānshì Fó (the Buddhas of the past, present and future)
12. ↑ 大 威德 金刚 , Daweidejingang
13. ↑ 安 远 庙 瞻礼 书 事 (有序) , Anyuan miao zhanli shu shi (you xu) ; see. Martin Gimm: Emperor Qianlong (1711-1799) as a poet (PDF; 2.6 MB) , p. 72 f.

Coordinates: 41 ° 0 '  N , 117 ° 57'  E