Blind bearded men

The division of living beings into systematics is a continuous subject of research. Different systematic classifications exist side by side and one after the other. The taxon treated here has become obsolete due to new research or is not part of the group systematics presented in the German-language Wikipedia.

Sciadonus cryptophthalmus , drawing by Erich Zugmayer

The blind male beard are a group of bony fish from the order of the gut fish-like (Ophidiiformes). They live with 26 species in seven genera in all oceans, mainly at depths of more than 700 to 5000 meters. Until recently, the group was considered an independent family under the scientific name Aphyonidae. In April 2016, the genera and species of the Aphyonidae were finally assigned to the livebearers Brotulas (Bythitidae). The blind bearded men are pedomorphic livebearers Brotulas. However, they do not form a monophyletic clade, since the non-pedomorphic genus Cataetyx is the sister genus of Aphyonus .

features

The bottom-dwelling fish are 5 to 18 centimeters long. They are scaly, have no swim bladders and have regressed eyes. The dorsal , caudal and anal fins have grown together and form a continuous fin edge. The dorsal fin begins behind the ends of the pectoral fins. The pelvic fins are throaty and consist only of a fin ray , in some species they are also absent. There are no sensory pores on the head , and pyloric tubes are also missing. The sting on the gill cover is weak, if present. The fish have 68 to 86 vertebrae, including 26 to 24 trunk vertebrae. Some species are viviparous. Your ovary is bilobed. Some characteristics of the family are interpreted as neotes .

Systematics

There are 26 species in seven genera:

Aphyonus gelatinosus

Barathronus bicolor

Barathronus parfaiti

• Genus Aphyonus
  • Aphyonus gelatinosus Günther , 1878 .
• Genus Barathronus
  • Barathronus affinis brewer , 1906 .
  • Barathronus bicolor Goode & Bean , 1886 .
  • Barathronus bruuni Nielsen, 1969 .
  • Barathronus diaphanus Brauer, 1906 .
  • Barathronus linsi Nielsen et al., 2015 .
  • Barathronus maculatus Shcherbachev, 1976 .
  • Barathronus multidens Nielsen, 1984 .
  • Barathronus pacificus Nielsen & Eagle, 1974 .
  • Barathronus parfaiti ( Vaillant , 1888) .
  • Barathronus unicolor Nielsen, 1984 .
• Genus Meteoria
  • Meteoria erythrops Nielsen, 1969 .
• Genus Nybelinella
  • Nybelinella brevidorsalis Shcherbachev, 1976 .
  • Nybelinella erikssoni (Nybelin, 1957) .
• Genus Paraphyonus Nielsen, 2015 .
  • Paraphyonus bolini (Nielsen, 1974) .
  • Paraphyonus brevidorsalis (Nielsen, 1969) .
  • Paraphyonus iselini Nielsen, 2015 .
  • Paraphyonus merretti Nielsen, 2015 .
  • Paraphyonus rassi (Nielsen, 1975) .
  • Paraphyonus solomonensis (Nielsen & Møller, 2008) .
• Genus Parasciadonus
  • Parasciadonus brevibrachium Nielsen, 1984 .
  • Parasciadonus pauciradiatus Nielsen, 1997 .
• Genus Sciadonus
  • Sciadonus cryptophthalmus (Zugmayer, 1911) .
  • Sciadonus galatheae (Nielsen, 1969) .
  • Sciadonus jonassoni (Nybelin, 1957) .
  • Sciadonus pedicellaris Garman , 1899 .

literature

• Joseph S. Nelson : Fishes of the World . John Wiley & Sons, 2006, ISBN 0-471-25031-7

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Peter Rask Møller, Steen Wilhelm Knudsen, Werner Schwarzhans, Jørgen G. Nielsen: A new classification of viviparous brotulas (Bythitidae) - with the establishment of a new family Dinematichthyidae - based on molecular, morphological and fossil data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, April 2016, doi: 10.1016 / j.ympev.2016.04.008

Web links

Commons : Blind Male Beards (Aphyonidae)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Blind beard men on Fishbase.org (English)