Appleby Castle
Appleby Castle is located in the town of Appleby in the English county of Cumbria over the River Eden . It consists of a castle donjon from the 12th century, known as "Caesar's Tower", and a manor house . These buildings stand together with their outbuildings in a castle courtyard, which is surrounded by curtains . Caesar's Tower and the mansion have both been listed as Grade I Historic Buildings by English Heritage . The uninhabited parts of the castle are considered a Scheduled Monument .
history
The castle was built by Ranulph le Meschin, 1st Earl of Chester in the early 12th century. Around 1170 the square donjon, now called Caesar's Tower, was built. The castle was in royal English hands when the Scottish King William the Lion invaded the Eden Valley in 1174. The constable of the castle surrendered without a fight.
In 1203 the castle was given to Robert de Vieuxpont by King John . In 1269 it came into the possession of Roger de Clifford and remained in the possession of the family who restored the castle for almost 400 years.
The north wall of the house and the western part of the north wing with the round tower date from the 13th century. The eastern part of the house was built in 1454.
In the middle of the 17th century, Lady Anne Clifford, 14th Baroness de Clifford , moved into the castle. The castle was partially demolished in 1648 after being occupied by Roundhead forces in the Second English Civil War . But Lady Clifford had it rebuilt in 1651–1653. After her death, the castle fell to the Earls of Thanet . They had the hall building converted into a classic mansion. The upper part of Caesar's Tower was modified in the 17th and 18th centuries. In 1686 the house was largely rebuilt and in 1695 a north-west wing was added. In the 19th century it was renovated again and sliding windows were installed.
In 1972 Ferguson Industrial Holdings (FIH plc) bought the castle and it became the primary residence of Denis Vernon , the company's chief executive officer, and his family. The Vernons lived in Appleby Castle until 1990. Vernon, an avid conservation biologist , established a home for rare breeds there. The condition of all buildings has been improved, not least that of the 12th century donjon. During this time Appleby Castle was the training center of FIH plc. Documentary and film director Susannah White treated Denis Vernon and Appleby Castle in the 1998 BBC documentary The Gypsies Are Coming at the Appleby Horse Fair .
Appleby Castle is now a private home. Parts of the castle have been open to the public since October 2013. Small private tours can be booked at the Appleby Tourist Information Center .
Donjon and mansion
Caesar's Tower is built from gray quarry stone and ashlar . It is about 24 meters high and has four floors. The main building has two wings at right angles to each other. A semicircular tower towers over the north wall of the north wing and a large, square tower is at the south end of the east wing.
More buildings
The gatehouse to the castle courtyard and two adjacent farms are listed by English Heritage as historical buildings of the first degree. The gatehouse, probably from the 17th century, is built in gray stone and has a battlement. On the estate is Lady Anne's Beehouse , which Lady Anne had built in the mid-17th century. It is a square stone building with two floors, a pyramid-shaped roof and an entrance door on the lower floor. The upper floor has an arched window on three sides and a door on the fourth side. It is also listed as a Grade I Historic Building. Two sections of the sandstone castle wall, mainly from the 18th and 19th centuries, are listed as Grade II historic buildings, as is the 19th-century North Lodge with its battlements . The property around the castle is also considered a historical monument of the 2nd degree.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Appleby Castle . Visit Cumbria. Retrieved July 27, 2016.
- ↑ a b Caesar’s tower at Appleby Castle . In: The National Heritage List for England . English Heritage . 2011. Archived from the original on February 28, 2015. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 10, 2015.
- ↑ a b c Main Building of Appleby Castle . In: The National Heritage List for England . English Heritage . 2011. Archived from the original on February 28, 2015. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 10, 2015.
- ↑ Appleby Castle, uninhabited parts . In: The National Heritage List for England . English Heritage . 2011. Archived from the original on February 28, 2015. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 10, 2015.
- ↑ a b Appleby Castle . Castle Explorer. Archived from the original on January 7, 2012. Retrieved February 14, 2015.
- ↑ a b Plantagenet Fry: The David & Charles Book of Castles . David & Charles, Newton Abbot 1980. ISBN 0-7153-7976-3 . Pp. 178-179.
- ^ Industrialist who first opened Appleby Castle . February 10, 2015. Retrieved February 14, 2015.
- ↑ `` The Gypsies Are Coming ''. IMDb, November 3, 1988 . Retrieved February 10, 2015.
- ↑ Victoria Brenan: Appleby Castle Opens to Public for First Time . September 11, 2013. Archived from the original on December 3, 2013. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 14, 2015.
- ^ Castle Moat Cottage, Gatehouse Cottage, gateway to Appleby Castle . In: The National Heritage List for England . English Heritage . 2011. Archived from the original on February 28, 2015. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 10, 2015.
- ↑ Lady Anne's Bee-house in copse to northeast of former stable block at Appleby Castle . In: The National Heritage List for England . English Heritage. 2011. Archived from the original on February 28, 2015. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 10, 2015.
- ^ Outer wall to Appleby Castle grounds, from South Lodge to the river . In: The National Heritage List for England . English Heritage. 2011. Archived from the original on February 28, 2015. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 10, 2015.
- ↑ Outer wall to Appleby Castle grounds, from North Lodge to South Lodge . In: The National Heritage List for England . English Heritage. 2011. Archived from the original on February 28, 2015. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 10, 2015.
- ^ North Lodge to Appleby Castle . In: The National Heritage List for England . English Heritage. 2011. Archived from the original on February 28, 2015. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 10, 2015.
- ↑ Appleby Castle . In: The National Heritage List for England . English Heritage. 2011. Archived from the original on February 28, 2015. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved February 10, 2015.
Web links
Coordinates: 54 ° 34 ′ 27.2 " N , 2 ° 29 ′ 19.6" W.