Army of the Ohio
Army of the Ohio ( Army of the Ohio , often Ohio Army was) the name of two major associations of the Union Army , named after the river Ohio .
The first Ohio Army was formed in 1861 and commanded by Don Carlos Buell . She fought in the victorious battles of Mill Springs and Shiloh , among others .
Buell also led the army in the Kentucky campaign in 1862 and at the Battle of Perryville , but then came under criticism and was released from his command. William Starke Rosecrans was named his successor, at the same time the Ohio Army was renamed the Cumberland Army and ceased to exist for the time being.
In March 1863, the name was revived when General Ambrose Burnside took command of the forces in the Ohio Defense Area. At first the army consisted only of the XXIII. Corps , but was used for the campaign against Knoxville in East Tennessee in the fall of 1863 by the IX. Corps reinforced. Burnside's Army of the Ohio was also known for Camp Nelson . It was initially laid out as a depot for Burnside and later, on the one hand, African American recruits for the northern states were trained there and, on the other hand, escaped slaves were housed.
Under Burnside's command, the Ohio Army was able to conquer Knoxville and defend it against Confederate attacks by General Longstreet . After the battle, Burnside gave up command of the army due to illness. He was succeeded by General John G. Foster, soon followed by John McAllister Schofield . Under him, the Ohio Army, now again only the XXIII. Corps, participated in the Atlanta campaign .
Upon successful completion, Schofield pursued the Confederate General Hood to Tennessee and inflicted a heavy defeat on him at the Battle of Franklin . He then united his army with George H. Thomas' Cumberland Army in Nashville , where the united beating Unionists defeated Hood again.
In the spring of 1865 the army was moved east to North Carolina , where it was reinforced by the X Corps and participated in William T. Sherman's Carolina campaign before being disbanded at the end of the war.