Arnold Daghani

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Arnold Daghani (born February 22, 1909 in Suczawa , Austria-Hungary as Arnold Korn ; died April 6, 1985 in Hove , United Kingdom ) was a Romanian painter.

Life

Arnold Korn was born into a German-speaking Jewish family in the part of the then Austro-Hungarian Bukovina that fell to Romania after 1918. In the early 1930s he moved to Bucharest and Romanized his family name in Dagani ("grain"), which later became Daghani in Israel . He studied economics in Bucharest. At the end of June 1940 he and Anișoara Rabinovici married and a few months later they moved to northern Bukovina, which was now occupied by the Soviet Union in connection with the Hitler-Stalin Pact , where they settled in Chernivtsi . After the Romanian recapture of the area in June 1941, Daghani was again exposed to the pressures of Romanian anti-Semitism , and in the summer of 1942 the couple were deported to the labor camp near Mikhailovka , west of the Southern Bug in the Vinnytsia region , where he secretly painted and painted everyday scenes Kept diary. The inmates of this German forced labor camp worked for the Todt Organization on Via IV , including the poet Selma Merbaum , who died in the camp . Daghani was also employed as a painter and was supposed to make an eagle mosaic in July 1943 for the engineers of the August Dohrmann road construction company in Gaisin. He and his wife were able to escape to the Romanian-occupied Transnistria , but were ghettoized there again in Bershad , whose inmates were also to be deported. At the end of December 1943 they finally got back to Bucharest with the help of the Red Cross and survived the Holocaust .

In the People's Republic of Romania Daghani did not submit to the state prescribed painting style of socialist realism and did not want to join the state artists' association either, so that he had to earn his living as an English teacher. Even now he rather secretly drew everyday life around him. When he hastily emigrated to Israel in 1958, a large bundle of drawings was left behind. As a result, he found neither in Israel, in Switzerland, nor in Vence in the south of France and finally from 1977 also in Great Britain, where he moved on, the hoped-for recognition as an artist.

In 1947 his notes from the camp appeared under the title Groapa este în livada de vișini , which was also translated into English: The Grave is in the Cherry Orchard . This diary, which was published in German in 1960, triggered various investigative proceedings in the Federal Republic of Germany in the 1960s for the German crimes in the forced labor camps.

Much of his visual work is kept in the University of Sussex .

Writings / exhibitions

  • Memory - image - word. Arnold Daghani and Charlotte Salomon . Accompanying volume for the exhibition by Erik Riedel and Deborah Schultz. Edited by Raphael Gross , Frankfurt am Main: Jüdisches Museum, 2012. on the exhibition at the Jewish Museum Frankfurt , 2012.
  • Let me live Stations in the life of the artist Arnold Daghani . Daghani's camp diary translated from English and supplemented by correspondence and investigation files after 1945 by Felix Rieper (since 2014: Felix Köhler). Edited by Felix Rieper and Mollie Brandl-Bowen. With a preface by Edward Timms. To Klampen, Lüneburg 2002, ISBN 978-3-934920-25-5 .
  • Helmut Braun, Deborah Schultz (ed.): The painter Arnold Daghani, «pursued - drawn» . To Klampen, Springe 2006, ISBN 978-3-934920-55-2 .
  • Arnold Daghani's Memories of Mikhailowka: The Illustrated Diary of a Slave Labor Camp Survivor . Vallentine Mitchell, London 2009, ISBN 978-0-85303-639-5 .
  • Arnold Daghani: The Grave is in the Cherry Orchard . In: ADAM International Review . 1961 No. 291-293.
  • Arnold Daghani: Let me live! Weg und Ziel Verlag, Tel Aviv 1960.

literature

  • Deborah Schultz; Edward Timms : Pictorial narrative in the Nazi period: Felix Nussbaum, Charlotte Salomon and Arnold Daghani . London; New York City, NY, USA: Routledge 2009, ISBN 0-415490952
  • Claus Stephani : The image of the Jew in modern painting. An introduction. / Imaginea evreului în pictura modernă. Introductiv study. Bilingual edition (Romanian / German). Editura Hasefer: Bucharest, 2005. ISBN 973-630-091-9
  • Monica Bohm-Duchen: Daghani . London: Diptych, 1987. ISBN 1-870627008 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Arnold Daghani at Exil-Archiv
  2. ^ Mariana Hausleitner: The Romanization of Bukovina . Oldenbourg, Munich 2001 (habilitation thesis FU Berlin 1999), ISBN 3-486-56585-0 , digitized
  3. ^ Dohrmann , website
  4. ↑ Lemma Bershad , in: Guy Miron [Ed.]: The Yad Vashem encyclopedia of the ghettos during the Holocaust , Jerusalem 2009, pp. 41-43
personal data
SURNAME Daghani, Arnold
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Korn, Arnold (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Romanian painter
DATE OF BIRTH February 22, 1909
PLACE OF BIRTH Suczawa , Austria-Hungary
DATE OF DEATH April 6, 1985
Place of death Hove , UK