Artur Jacobs

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Artur Jacobs (born March 30, 1880 in Elberfeld [today in Wuppertal ], † January 23, 1968 in Essen ) was a doctor of maths , educator and philosopher .

Life

Artur Jacobs was the son of a Protestant craftsman. He studied in Marburg, Göttingen, Munich and was shaped by ethical socialism. In 1914 he married the movement educator Debora-Dore Marcus , daughter of the philosopher Ernst Marcus , who worked as a magistrate in Essen.

Artur Jacobs was a teacher in Essen, supported the radical sections of the youth movement after 1918 and therefore had to leave school. As a cultural politician, for example, he helped found the Volkshochschule Essen in 1919 and in 1924 he founded an experimental group called the Association for Socialist Life for new forms of coexistence "in responsibility for oneself and for the world" and for "comprehensive academic teaching". The goal was a way of life in which the whole person should be absorbed - body, mind and spirit. This also included movement and dance. This community was also influenced by the Kantian philosophy of Ernst Marcus. The union only had a few hundred members.

Artur Jacobs and his circle in the Rhine-Ruhr area helped Dore Jacobs and other persecuted people to survive under the National Socialist tyranny. According to Änne Schmitz , several federal members were honored in 2005 by the Israeli Yad Vashem memorial as Righteous Among the Nations .

Fonts

  • The general natural laws of the Kantian system and skepticism. A contribution to the criticism of skepticism. In: Old Prussian monthly. Volume 49, 1912.
  • The attempts to prove the analogies of the experience of Ernst Marcus and the criticism of pure reason. In: Old Prussian monthly. Volumes 53 and 54, 1916/1917.
  • About the nature and goals of a community college. A draft for a new popular education. Dedicated to the proletarian youth. Essen 1919.
  • National college or adult education center. Fundamental to the problem of a German upbringing . 1920
  • On the transcendental deduction of the analogies. In: Old Prussian monthly. Volume 57, 1920.
  • Our political responsibility in a torn and divided world , Essen 1951
  • The future of faith. Decision-making issues of our time. Edited and introduced by Dore Jacobs. Frankfurt am Main 1971, ISBN 3-434-00168-9
  • Lived utopia. From the life of a community. Documentation by Dore Jacobs (1975). - (Newly published: Lived Utopia. From the life of a community. Based on a documentation by Dore Jacobs. Ed. V. Else Bramesfeld et al .; Essen 1990. ISBN 3-88474-143-8 )

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ See Mark Roseman , A Person in Motion. Dore Jacobs, 1894–1978 , in: “Essener Contributions. Contributions to the history of the city and monastery of Essen ”, No. 114 (Essen 2002), pp. 73–109.
  2. ↑ Cf. Mark Roseman, Saved History: The Bund, Community for Socialist Life in the Third Reich . In: "Mittelweg 36", journal of the Hamburg Institute for Social Research, vol. 16, issue 1 (2007), pp. 100–121
  3. ↑ Mark Roseman: In an unguarded moment - A woman survives underground. Berlin 2002.
  4. ^ Daniel Fraenkel, Jakob Borut (ed.): Lexicon of the Righteous Among the Nations: Germans and Austrians . Wallstein Verlag , Göttingen 2005; ISBN 3-89244-900-7 ; P. 248 f.
personal data
SURNAME Jacobs, Artur
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German philosopher
DATE OF BIRTH March 30, 1880
PLACE OF BIRTH Elberfeld
DATE OF DEATH January 23, 1968
Place of death eat