Atikaki Provincial Wilderness Park
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Atikaki Provincial Wilderness Park
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| location | Manitoba (Canada) | |
| surface | 3981.3 km² | |
| WDPA ID | 19419 | |
| Geographical location | 51 ° 35 ′ N , 95 ° 33 ′ W | |
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| Setup date | 1997 | |
| administration | Manitoba parks | |
The Atikaki Provincial Wilderness Park is a 3,997 km² provincial park on the eastern border of the Canadian province of Manitoba . The name comes from the language of Anishinabe and means "land of the caribou". It was established in 1985 in the Bloodvein River and Pigeon River basins . The former has its source at Red Lake in Ontario and flows into Lake Winnipeg . It is recognized as the Canadian Heritage River in both provinces . Other rivers are Gammon River , Leyond River ,Dogskin River , Sasaginnigak River and Broadleaf River .
The nature park, which cannot be reached by road, serves to preserve the flora and fauna of a granite -shaped landscape typical of an area of the Precambrium Boreal Forest . This area known as Lac Seul Upland is the remnant of a 2.5 billion year old mountain range.
The Nopiming Provincial Park connects to the south and the Woodland Caribou Provincial Park, which is already in Ontario, to the southeast .
The entire region, which consists of provincial parks and traditional territories of the First Nations located in the border area between Ontario and Manitoba , was put on the UNESCO tentative list for recognition as World Heritage in 2004 by the Canadian government . To this end, the Ontario-based Pikangikum First Nation and the Manitoba First Nations from the Poplar River (on Lake Winnipeg ), Pauingassi , Bloodvein River and the Little Grand Rapids First Nation have joined forces. Woodland Caribou Park , the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Manitoba Conservation are also part of the initiative . The First Nations of Ontario the Wabaseemoong, the Grassy Narrows and Lac Seul are in turn partners of the Woodland Caribou Park.
Flora and fauna
The area was covered by ice until about 10,000 years ago, and the glaciers have shaped the landscape. When it melted, Lake Agassiz was created , which made up today's park around 7000 BC. BC covered. Around 6000 BC BC boreal forest replaced the shrinking lake. Poplars, birches and various conifers such as Banks pine ("jack pine"), black spruce and white spruce followed the lichens that were initially drawn in. There were also alder , hazel and Vermont maple ( Acer spicatum ).
Common among the larger mammals are the timber wolf , black bear, elk, white-tailed deer and woodland caribou ( Rangifer tarandus caribou ), of which perhaps 300 to 500 animals live in the park, more precisely in Manitoba's Atikaki-Berens Caribou Range. In winter they come together in small herds of between 20 and 60 animals in the west of the park and in summer they move to Ontario. In this Atikaki – Berens range, the animals do not live in a single herd, but in four small groups called Atiko, Bloodvein, Round and Berens. Other small herds exist in Nopiming Park and Grass River Park, but they are considered endangered. In view of this severe threat, the Eastern Manitoba Woodland Caribou Advisory Committee was set up in 1994 to advise government agencies, the timber industry, First Nations and non-governmental organizations and to induce negotiations. At the same time, research and monitoring were promoted as the basis for a protection plan. The committee extended its activities to the Atikaki – Berens range and its four small herds. In 2006 the size of the herds was estimated at 300 to 500 animals. In 2007 the Atiko herd could be counted to 60 animals. The bloodvein subpopulation was estimated to be at least 50 animals. The size of the two northern herds is difficult to determine. The Berens herd comprised at least 103 animals in November 2008.
history
Early history
Human traces can be traced over several millennia. The residents were hunters, gatherers and fishermen.
Around 1800 most of the area east of Lake Winnipeg was occupied by the Anishinabe . Most of their descendants now live on the east bank of Lake Winnipeg. They were from the Sault Ste area. Marie and ousted older Cree groups. The Anishinabe or Ojibway mostly fished at the estuaries in spring and summer. In autumn they went up the rivers and often collected wild rice , hunted elk and caribou. The main purpose of making clothes and blankets was hunting beavers and muskrats . The park is home to numerous rock paintings that are protected by the Heritage Resources Act 1986.
Fur hunters
Fur hunters of the Hudson's Bay Company and the North West Company hunted in the area known as Le Petit Nord ("The Little North"), but fur camps can only be guessed at. The vast majority of the booty was taken to camps on the Berens River, the Little Grand Rapids, Bad Lake (now Knox Lake) and Red Lake in Ontario.
literature
- Victor Lytwyn: The Fur Trade of the Little North , Winnipeg: Rupert's Land Research Center, University of Winnipeg 1986.
Web links
- Akitaki Provincial Park
- Park map (PDF, 4.87 MB)
Remarks
- ^ Atikaki / Woodland Caribou / Accord First Nations (Pimachiowin Aki). UNESCO - World Heritage Committee , October 1, 2004, accessed December 31, 2014 .
- ↑ An Overview of the Pimachiowin Aki World Heritage Project (with a map showing the affected parks and traditional territories)
- ↑ Action Plans for Boreal Woodland Caribou Ranges in Manitoba (Rangifer tarandus caribou) , p. 32.