Autonomous Rail Rapid Transit

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Autonomous Rail Rapid Transit
智 轨 列车
Length of a three-part car 31.64 m
height 3.4 m
width 2.65 m
Top speed 70 km / h
Passengers in a three-part car 307
Passengers in a five-part car about 500
Batteries Lithium titanate batteries
Route with one charge 40 km
Charging time for 3 to 5 km 30 sec
Charging time for 25 km 10 min
Turning circle outside 15 m
Min. Lane width 3.83 m
Installation 2018
Life of the vehicle frame More than 25 years
bikes Rubber-tyred plastic wheels
steering Steering of all axles
construction Low-floor car
Vehicle body Space frame with panels screwed on
Driver's cabs One at each end
Cost per car approximately 15 million yuan ( € 1.9 million , $ 2.2 million )

Autonomous Rail Rapid Transit (ART, 智 轨 列车 ) is a trackless bus rapid transit system with optically track-guided battery buses that was developed by CRRC Zhuzhou Institute Co Ltd , a subsidiary of CRRC Corporation Limited , and launched on June 2 2017 in Zhuzhou in the province of Hunan was presented. The industrial design was created by IFS DESIGN in Berlin.

vehicles

ART at the Metro Trans 2018
inner space

The vehicles are described as a mixture of omnibus , tram and train . Visually, the double articulated trolleys are reminiscent of modern rail vehicles or trolleybuses , although they have the flexibility of buses. In exceptional cases, they can also drive away from their lane guidance, which is why they are equipped with steering wheels and approved as a motor vehicle and have appropriate license plates .

A three-part unit has six axes, is 31.64 meters long, and costs about 15 million yuan (1.9 million euros , 2.2 million US dollars ). It has a top speed of 70 km / h and can carry around 300 passengers. A five-part unit offers space for 500 passengers. A vehicle can closely follow another without being coupled to it. The entire vehicle is designed with a space frame with screwed-on panels in a low-floor design. As a bidirectional vehicle , it can drive equally fast in both directions with a driver's cab at each end.

Sensors and batteries

The vehicles are equipped with various sensors that help the driver to drive on a given lane. You can take detours in the event of traffic jams or road closures. A lane departure warning (Lane Departure Warning System) helps to drive the vehicle in the designated lane, and automatically warns the driver when leaving the track. A collision warning system helps the driver to keep a sufficient distance from other vehicles and alerts the driver if the distance falls below a certain value. The navigation system (Route Change Authorization) provides information about traffic jams and road closures and can recommend detours if necessary. The electronic rearview mirrors work with cameras that can be adjusted using a remote control , offer a clearer image than conventional mirrors and automatically dim to avoid glare .

The vehicles are powered by lithium titanate batteries and can travel around 40 kilometers on a full charge. The batteries can be recharged at the bus stops using current collectors . The recharge time for fast charging is 30 seconds for three to five kilometers, and about ten minutes for 25 kilometers.

Advantages and disadvantages

Since there are no tracks and no overhead lines, the route can be adapted to the traffic conditions, for example in the event of traffic obstructions due to accidents or road construction work. The navigation system built into the vehicle communicates with an intelligent signal system that, for example, turns traffic lights green. The railless system leads to low maintenance costs. The rapid charging system for the batteries makes the electrification of the lines overhead lines superfluous and reduces the exhaust gases produced in the city center.

How can it at bus stops and on the track to run on other bus systems ruts come when all the wheels go in the exact same track. The suitability of the system for winter operation in ice and snow has been considered, but has not yet been demonstrated at 4:46 .

Establishments

A 6.5-kilometer test track in downtown Zhuzhou went into operation in 2018. The lanes are at least 3.83 meters wide and have a minimum outer turning circle of 15 meters. On December 5, 2019, the 17.7-kilometer ART line T1 was opened in Yibin .

See also

Web links

Commons : Autonomous Rail Rapid Transit  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c World's first train running on virtual tracks released. New China TV June 2, 2017. Downloaded July 22, 2017
  2. ↑ a b Vocativ: This Train Runs On Virtual Tracks. China Central Television (CCTV) June 6, 2017. Downloaded July 22, 2017.
  3. ↑ a b c d e f Neha Rastogi: China Unwraps World's first Driverless Rail Transit System with Autonomous Technology. EngineersGarage. Downloaded July 23, 2017
  4. ↑ a b c d e f First railless train unveiled in CRRC Zhuzhou. CRRC website, June 6, 2017. Downloaded July 22, 2017.
  5. ↑ a b c d Quick charge! Supercapacitor tram unveiled in China. New China TV June 2, 2017. Downloaded July 22, 2017.
  6. ↑ a b c Amazing World: Track-less train: The transit system uses rubber wheels on a plastic core: Trains without track. June 3, 2017. Downloaded July 22, 2017.
  7. ↑ a b c d e f g Ken Huang: ART 宣传 视频 2017. April 5, 2017. Downloaded July 22, 2017.
  8. ↑ Autonomous Rail Rapid Transit: Tram on quiet feet. June 10, 2017. Downloaded August 1, 2017.
  9. ↑ China Built a Self-Driving ... Something (en) . In: Popular Mechanics , June 6, 2017. 
  10. ↑ Author ml: Yibin: Into the future without rails? In: Citizens Pro CityBahn. December 8, 2019, accessed December 10, 2019 (German).
  11. ↑ No rails in Yibin at tagesschau.de from December 7, 2019, accessed on December 7, 2019