Ba Vì
Coordinates: 21 ° 3 ' N , 105 ° 22' E
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Ba Vì , also Tản Viên , is a mountain range in northern Vietnam , which rises from the plain of the Red River about 50-65 kilometers west of the city center of Hanoi .
The densely forested limestone massif reaches a height of almost 1,300 meters. It is largely located in the Ba Vì district of the city of Hanoi (formerly Hà Tây province ) and a small part in the Hòa Bình province . In the west it is bounded by the Black River ( Sông Đà ) . At the foot of the massif there are villages of the Dao minority .
To protect the flora and fauna found here, the mountain area was declared a National Park Ba Vì ( Vườn quốc gia Ba Vì ) in 1991 .
summit
Ba Vì literally means "three peaks" and denotes the mountain peaks:
- Vua (1296 m)
- Ton Viên (1227 m)
- Ngọc Hoa (1131 m)
Smaller secondary peaks are the Viên Nam (1081 m), the Hang Hùm (776 m) and the Gia Dê (714 m).
The Tản Viên is - although not the highest - the best-known of the three peaks and, due to its importance in Vietnamese mythology, is considered the " Olympus of Vietnam", which is why the entire massif is often referred to with its name. It is considered the seat of the eponymous mountain god Tản Viên Sơn Thánh ( Sơn Tinh ), for whom three temples (lower, middle and upper temples) were built on the way to the summit. The tribe parents of the Vietnamese, Lạc Long Quân and Âu Cơ , are also associated with the mountain in their legend.
Their descendants, the Hùng kings ( Vua Hùng ), presumably gave their name to the highest peak, the Vua ( Đỉnh Vua means "king's peak", Núi Vua means "king's mountain "). A temple dedicated to Hồ Chí Minh was built on this in the recent past , which can be reached via a hiking trail with around 1300 steps.
The third peak is named after the princess Ngọc Hoa, who, according to legend, is the daughter of a Hùng king and consort of the mountain god.
National park
The French built a mountain station on the slopes of the massif during the colonial era to escape the heat of Hanoi. During the years of the struggle for independence, this settlement was supplemented by a prison for resistance fighters.
After the war decades, Ba Vì was finally rediscovered as a popular weekend excursion destination for the urban population. In 1991 the mountain area was declared a national park .
After an area expansion, the national park currently covers an area of 108 km 2 . 82 km 2 of this is forested, including 42 km 2 of primary forest that is particularly worthy of protection . There are about 1200 kinds of higher plants , 342 kinds of higher animals and about 550 kinds of insects. These creatures also include many endangered and some only endemic species. The species first described here can be recognized by the scientific suffix “baviensis”. The larger animals that are native to the national park include the taguan , the serau , the Asian golden cat , the Fleckenlinsang , the Binturong and the Fleckenroller .
In addition to the mountain temples, other tourist attractions include several waterfalls, a cave, the overgrown ruins of a French church, a bird park and gardens for orchids, cacti and medicinal plants. A spa resort and a water park are located on the edge of the national park.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Official website of the Ba Vì National Park (Vietnamese, with translation tool , accessed August 2017)
- ^ Keith Weller Taylor: The Birth of Vietnam , University of California Press, 1976, p. 5
- ↑ Vietnamnet: The beauty of time in French architecture in Ba Vi (accessed August 2017)