Bachad

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Bachad represents Brit halutzim Datiim ( religious pioneers Federation ), founded in 1928 youth organization of the Mizrachi .

Werner Angress describes the Bachad as the orthodox-Jewish parallel organization to the Hechaluz . After the seizure of power , Hechaluz and Bachad formed "together a kind of umbrella organization for the Zionist youth movement in Germany, but also dedicated themselves to the young Jews who were not organized in associations or groups and who expressed interest in the settlement in Palestine".

Robert Jütte assumes, however, that there were two religious Zionist youth groups in addition to the Hechaluz : namely "Brith ha-noar shel zeire misrachi" and the "Brith chaluzim datiim" (called "Bachad" for short). Its leaders included, for example, the later director of the Leo Baeck Institute in Jerusalem , Josef Walk (born 1914), and the historian and university lecturer Erich Pinchas Rosenblüth (1906–1985). Both historians also played an important role in building religious kibbutzim as part of the youth aliyah . However, Jütte does not mention to which of the two associations the persons named by him could be assigned. However, after the Second World War in 1947/48, Walk is said to have been the head of a Zionist children's home called Beit Bachad in Marquain, Belgium (near Tournai ) .

The Bachad maintained the Steckelsdorf Landwerk , which was located in a district that today belongs to Rathenow . The land and buildings belonging to the farm were bought in 1933 by the Jewish lawyer Dr. HA Meyer from Berlin was acquired.

The Bachad also had its own magazine, which, according to the Leo Baeck Institute , was published in Germany from 1935 to 1938 under the name Chajenu . After the so-called Kristallnacht , many Bachad activists emigrated to Great Britain, where they set up new training farms and from 1939 re-issued Chajenu . A Bachad start-up in England is the Bachad Farm Institute in Thaxted ( Essex ), which existed from 1944 to 1962.

After the end of the Second World War, the Bachad - like the Hechalutz - looked after young survivors from the concentration camps and in the DP camps . The best-known project supervised by Bachad was the Gehringshof in the Fulda district.

According to Carrie de Silva, Bachad works today under the name Bnei Akiva and would therefore be part of the national-religious spectrum and the Israeli settler movement . On the Facebook page of Bnei Akiva Germany , direct references to Badach are not discussed and only general references to youth movements with a traditional Zionist ideology in Germany are made.

literature

  • Werner T. Angress: Generation between fear and hope. Jewish youth in the Third Reich. 2nd Edition. Christians, Hamburg 1989, ISBN 3-7672-0886-5 . ( Digitized version )
  • Robert Jütte: The emigration of the German-speaking "Science of Judaism". The Emigration of Jewish Historians to Palestine 1933–1945. Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart, 1991, ISBN 3-515-05798-6 .
  • Mirja Keller: "One God, one law, one people, one country" - the religious-Zionist education since 1924 and the rescue from National Socialism using the example of Bachad and the Brith Hanoar Schel Zeire Misrachi , inaugural dissertation to obtain the degree of doctor Philosophy in the Faculty of Education at the Johann Wolfgang Goethe University in Frankfurt am Main, Frankfurt am Main, 2013. ( In the holdings of the German National Library )

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Werner T. Angress: Generation between fear and hope , pp. 34–35.
  2. ↑ Robert Jütte: The emigration of the German-language "Wissenschaft des Judentums" , p. 67.
  3. ↑ Bettina Götze: Hope for the promised land , p. 43.
  4. ↑ Chajenu in the archives of the Leo Baeck Institute . A new episode from 1939 is archived here.
  5. ↑ Carrie de Silva: A Short History of Agricultural Education and Research , p. 182. (PDF)
  6. ↑ Jeremy Sharon: National-religious icon Rabbi Avraham Zuckerman dies at 98 , Jerusalem Post , October 20, 2013;
    Meron Rapoport: Israel's exit strategy , Le monde diplomatique , August 2005;
    Uri Avneri : The Settler State , CounterPunch , April 19, 2011.
  7. ↑ Bnei Akiva Germany In: facebook.com , September 20, 2017.