Bellows (unit)
The bellows , also called the bellows or bellows , was a volume measure used in the Principality of Schaumburg-Lippe and in the Harz mining industry for limestone and coal ( hard coal and lignite , less often charcoal ).
The old name bellows stood for the conform, which generally applied to coal. In the coal mines of Osnabrück the designation bar was used for this. The initial content was 1 cubic foot. Later, 2 ½ cubic feet was required by law and this was called the Zweihimten according to. A bellows of hard coal had an average of 1 quintals .
- 1 bellows ( Hanover ) = 0.0623 cubic meters
Were in Schaumburg-Lippe
- 1 bellows = 2 cubic feet (schaumburg.) = 2461.553 Parisian cubic inches = 0.048828 cubic meters = 48.828 liters
- Coke 36 bellows = 1 load
- Coals 26 bellows = 1 Bergfuder = 12.688 hectoliters
- 1 bellows = about 82 to 84 pounds
The measure was also used for coke in Harz mines, but differed in size in the Upper Harz to the Lower Harz.
- Upper Harz 1 bellows = 2 cubic feet
- Lower resin 1 bellows = 3 cubic feet
In the Lower Saxon language area, the term also means vat, wash barrel, tub and half of a barrel that has been sawn through.
literature
- August Schiebe : Universal Lexicon of Commercial Sciences. Volume 3, Friedrich Fleischer, Schumann Brothers, Leipzig / Zwickau 1839, p. 571.
- Bruno Kerl : The Upper Harz smelting process for the extraction of silver, copper, lead and arsenic acid with special consideration of the occurrence and processing of the ores. Publisher Grosse'sche Buchhandlung, Clausthal 1860, S.XXIV.
Individual evidence
- ^ Heinrich Christian Burckhardt : Forest auxiliary boards. Carl Rümpler, Hannover 1858, p. 21.
- ↑ Mountain and hut calendar for the year 1861. Verlag D. Bädeker, Essen 1861, p. 22.
- ↑ Alexander Lachmann: Latest illustrated coin, measure and weight. Moritz Schäfer, Leipzig 1867, Volume 2, p. 205
- ↑ Christian Nelkenbrecher : JC Nelkenbrecher's General Pocket Book of Coin, Measure and Weight. Sanderschen Buchhandlung, Berlin 1828, p. 250.
- ↑ R. Klimpert: Lexicon of the coins, dimensions, weights, counting types and time sizes. Verlag C. Regenhardt, Berlin 1896, p. 29.
- ↑ Hanns Bruno Geinitz, Hugo Fleck, Ernst Hartig: The hard coal of Germany and other European countries: their nature, storage conditions, distribution, history, statistics and technical use. History, Statistics and Technology. Volume 2, R. Oldenbourg, Munich 1865, p. 203.
- ^ Bruno Kerl: Metallurgy in the Upper Harz. Books on Demand, 2010, ISBN 978-3-86741-215-5 . P. 49.
- ↑ Johann Christoph Adelung : Attempt of a complete grammatical-critical dictionary of the High German dialect: With constant comparison of the other dialects, but especially the Upper German. Volume 1, part 1, Bernhard Christoph Breitkopf and Son, Leipzig 1774, p. 623.