Basler Hof

The Basler Hof

The Basler Hof on Kaiser-Joseph-Straße in Freiburg is a late Gothic building from the late 15th century and is now the seat of the Freiburg administrative district , which emerged from the southern Baden administrative district at the end of 1972 .

history

Basler Hof 1644 in the cityscape by Matthäus Merian

Basler Hof at the beginning of the 19th century.

Memorial plaque to the victims of the Nazi terror in the Basler Hof

Stumbling blocks in front of the Basler Hof

From 1494 to 1496 Konrad Stürtzel von Buchheim , the court chancellor of Emperor Maximilian I, had his city palace built on the Große Gass on seven adjacent farms that he had acquired since 1480.

After the Basel cathedral chapter fled from Basel to Catholic Freiburg in 1529 from the excesses of the Reformation , the canons acquired the Stürtzel Palace in 1587 and had it expanded according to their needs. Until 1678, the building, now called the 'Basler Hof', was the exile residence of the Basel cathedral chapter . When the troops Louis XIV took the city in November 1677, the new rulers did not recognize the cathedral chapter as a neutral body belonging to the diocese of Basel. They retained his income, so that the canons were forced to leave Freiburg on November 1, 1678, and then settle in Arlesheim in the diocese of Basel . The new rulers confiscated the Basel court. When the French King Louis XIV wanted to see his new acquisition in Freiburg in 1681 and assess the progress of the fortification of the city begun by Sébastien Le Prestre de Vauban , he spent a night in the building.

In the Peace of Rijswijk in 1697, Freiburg was restituted to the House of Habsburg . Now the Austrian authorities used the Basler Hof. With the reorganization of the administration in the Habsburg Empire, Maria Theresa separated the foothills as an independent province from Tyrol on April 29, 1752 . On January 1, 1753, the administration of Upper Austria began its work in Constance. From 1759 to 1806, the district presidents appointed in Vienna resided in the Basler Hof. With the transfer of the Breisgau to the Grand Duchy of Baden , the Baden administration moved into the building in 1806.

On March 20, 1849, the jury trial against Gustav Struve and Karl Blind took place in the Basler Hof , both participants in the September 1848 survey against the grand-ducal government .

After the Baden Revolutionary Government fled from Karlsruhe to Freiburg on June 24, 1849, it resumed its work in the Basler Hof. But it stayed with one episode, because on July 7th, 1849 Prussian troops took the city and ended the Baden Revolution.

From 1933 to 1941, the Basler Hof was the seat of the Secret State Police (Gestapo). Since 2009, a memorial plaque in the building and since 2013 stumbling blocks in front of the building have reminded that Nazi opponents were mistreated there. The awards are given to Urban Keller ( KPD member), Käthe Vordtriede ( SPD member and journalist for the People's Watch ), Margarete Seitz ( decomposition of military strength ), Adolf Keller ( high treason ) and Stefan Meier (SPD member of the Reichstag).

During the Second World War, the building complex was largely destroyed during the air raid on November 27, 1944 . During the reconstruction in 1950/51, care was taken to preserve the well-preserved facade and the medieval character of the structure.

From 1950 to 1952 the Basler Hof was the seat of the Interior Ministry of the government of South Baden . Today it is the seat of the regional president of the Freiburg administrative district and the regional council.

Architecture and equipment

The three bishopric patrons of Basel on the facade: Emperor Heinrich II. , Maria and the legendary first Basel bishop Pantalus

Construction amulet that was walled in next to the entrance portal.

The Stürtzel building, later called the 'Basler Hof', was the largest aristocratic and secular building in Freiburg at the time. One can assume that it was not a completely new building, as the year 1416 can still be found on a bay window, the floors are at different heights and a fire wall completely separating the building is located above the corbel . In 1505 Stürtzel had the three-king altar made by Hans Wydyz for the house chapel (demolished in 1803) of his city palace , which is now in the Freiburg Minster .

The cathedral chapter displayed the three Basel bishopric patrons - Maria , flanked by Heinrich II. And the first Basel bishop Pantalus - on the street front in a jewelry box.

In 1950, a palm-sized round lead capsule with astrological engravings and small plastic figures was found in the rubble of the house, which was destroyed in 1944, next to the main entrance, which is known as a building amulet and has not yet been interpreted. The exterior of the undecorated capsule contains astrological drawings on the inside and a lion carrying a castle. The lid shows a horoscope and soldered a snake with a child in its mouth.

literature

Leopold von Stengel: The Baseler Hof . In: Baden Architects and Engineers Association, Upper Rhine District (Ed.): Freiburg im Breisgau. The city and its buildings . HM Poppen & Sohn, Freiburg im Breisgau 1898, p. 441-448 ( Scan - Wikisource ).

Individual evidence

^ Peter Untucht: Freiburg and the Regio . DuMont Reiseverlag, Ostfildern 2007, ISBN 3-7701-7338-4
^ Leo Alexander Ricker: Freiburg. From the history of a city. G. Braun publishing house, Karlsruhe 1964
^ Alfred Graf von Kageneck: The end of the front Austrian rule in the Breisgau. Rombach & Co. Verlag, Freiburg 1981, ISBN 3-7930-0365-5 , p. 14
^ Gustav Struve: History of the three popular uprisings in Baden. Publishing house by Jenni, Sohn, Bern 1849
↑ Florian Mördes : The German Revolution. Printed and published by M. Schläpfer'schen Buchhandlung, Herisau 1849
^ Günter Mattern: Markgräflerland: The Baselstab in the municipal coat of arms , Baselbieter Heimatblätter, Liestal 1979
^ Freiburg im Breisgau. The city and its buildings , pp. 441–448.
^ Peter Untucht : Freiburg and the Regio . DuMont Reiseverlag, Ostfildern 2007, p. 93, ISBN 3-7701-7338-4
^ Ernst Zinner : On the interpretation of the astrological lead capsule in Freiburg . In: Research and Progress, 30. Jhrg. Heft 3, Berlin 1956, pp. 65–67.