Building botany

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Baubotanik is a method with living plants surviving buildings to construct. It describes a construction method in which structures are created through the interaction of technical joining and plant growth. For this purpose, living and non-living construction elements are connected to one another in such a way that they grow together to form a plant-based, technical composite structure.

The construction method combines the aesthetic and ecological qualities of living trees with static functions and structural requirements. In this way, the use of artificial building materials can be reduced. The buildings represent valuable habitats for a multitude of animal species and make conventional foundations superfluous because they have root anchors.

The use of living plant construction is not a new invention, the village are Tanzlinde and also the Gebück historical examples of living buildings. Living bridges are common in some cultures . In the north-east Indian state of Meghalaya , the root bridges of the Khasi consist of aerial roots from rubber trees, which are made to grow along poles or tree trunks over a river and, after about 15 years, form walkways. These are reinforced with natural materials and can withstand the strongest tropical storms.

Since the turn of the millennium, there have been willow churches (made of willow branches, without a fixed roof) on some former garden show grounds , which follow this approach, but provide only very limited functionalities as a building.

Researches

An early publication in the field of architecture was the article Baubotanik: Constructing with living plants by Ferdinand Ludwig in 2005 in the Baumeister magazine . From 2007, scientific work on this technology was carried out at the Institute for Basics of Modern Architecture and Design (IGmA) at the University of Stuttgart , and the term building botany was established for this purpose . As part of the research, simple experimental structures like a walkway were realized; a baubotanical tower illustrated the possibilities of building larger baubotanical structures by adding individual plants. As part of the Bavarian State Horticultural Show 2007 in Waldkirchen , a two-storey bird observation station was planted. A three-storey plane tree cube was created for the Baden-Württemberg State Horticultural Show 2012 in Nagold .

In 2017 the research area changed to the Faculty of Architecture at the Technical University of Munich (Professorship for Green Technologies in Landscape Architecture).

See also

literature

  • Ferdinand Ludwig: Botanical basics of building botany and their application in design. Doctoral thesis Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning, University of Stuttgart 2012 ( PDF download at uni-stuttgart.de).
  • Brochure: Naturally Nagold, State Garden Show 2012: Plane cube - A building botanical project at the State Garden Show Baden-Württemberg in Nagold 2012. ( PDF: 3.5 MB, 12 pages ( Memento from October 14, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) on landesgartenschau-nagold.de ).

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Picture gallery: In the northeast of India: Meghalaya, the fairy tale forest - root bridge. In: Süddeutsche Zeitung. July 30, 2012, accessed August 16, 2019.
  2. ^ Wildlife Institute of India (WII): The Meghalaya State Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (Draft). Ministry of Environment Forest and Climate Change, Government of India, Version of March 6, 2017, Chapter 3.8: Living Root Bridges of Meghalaya (English; PDF pages 99-101: PDF: 15.4 MB, 350 pages, mostly without page numbers on megbiodiversity.nic.in).
  3. ↑ Recordings of a world-famous Khasi root bridge : Bettina Witte: Khasi - In the Land of Women (from 0:22:12) on YouTube (1.5 minutes out of 43). Nima Productions for arte / ZDF 2012.
  4. ↑ Ferdinand Ludwig, Oliver Storz: Baubotanik - Construct with living plants. In: Builder . November 1, 2005, pp. 72-75 ( info ).
  5. ^ Institute for Fundamentals of Modern Architecture and Design (IGMA): Press release No. 5/2007 of January 17, 2007. University of Stuttgart, accessed on August 16, 2019 (version in the web archive).
  6. ↑ Uni-Kurier No. 104: First tower made of living trees: supporting structure with driving force . University of Stuttgart, February 2009, accessed on August 16, 2019 (updated on January 19, 2010).
  7. ↑ Bureau Baubotanik: Bird Observation Station. June 2007, accessed August 16, 2019.
  8. ↑ Brochure: Naturally Nagold, State Garden Show 2012: Plane cube - A building botanical project at the State Garden Show Baden-Württemberg in Nagold 2012. ( PDF: 3.5 MB, 12 pages ( Memento from October 14, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) on state garden show -nagold. de).
  9. ^ Faculty of Architecture, Technical University of Munich : Research: Baubotanik. Undated, accessed August 16, 2019.