Construction yard at the Deichtor
The building yard at Deichtor was the building yard of the city of Hamburg from 1660 to 1847 . The building yard was built between 1666 and 1675 under the direction of Hans Hamelaus and Lorenz Dohmsens on the site of today's Deichtorplatz and demolished between 1847 and 1868 to make room for the construction of the Berlin train station . The two-storey building was made entirely of half-timbering and built around a work yard.
institution
The building yard was primarily responsible for looking after the city buildings and especially the fortifications . After the municipal building had stood until 1563 under the direction of the entire Council, since the pipe fell from the building yard and urban construction of two Council members (the yard men ) and two, from 1,686 three, from 1746 five citizens yard citizens or Baubürger . In the following centuries, however, these found themselves in a constant conflict of competence with the council, which the council was mostly able to decide for itself. After the fortifications were removed from 1804, the building yard lost its importance. He was replaced by the Hamburg building deputation , which took over the tasks of the building yard in 1814 after the occupation by Napoleon. After that, the building served as the building deputation's warehouse.
In the last few years of its existence, the building also served as an armory , museum building and, after the Hamburg fire, as emergency accommodation. In 1847 the city tore down the then unused part for the construction of the Berlin train station, in 1852 the used part of the north wing was demolished. In 1868 the rest of the building yard fell victim to a customs shed owned by the railway administration.
building
Before the construction yard was built, there was a horse mill at this point in the city. Before the construction at Deichtor, the building yard was on the wall frame . The new building on the outskirts freed up construction areas on which several city palaces were built in the following years. The building yard had an irregularly square shape, the individual sides were 55 meters, 109 meters, 126 meters and 137 meters long. From 1672 it was directly connected to the water by a canal under the road.
Inside there were work and storage rooms as well as offices and living spaces.
Portals
Three of the portals of the Hamburg building yard found their way into the collection of the Museum of Hamburg History , in which they are permanently installed. The west portal, also the main portal, with a shield and crest formed the main entrance to the building yard. The fleet portal shows the activities on a construction site. The north portal, which depicts workers, formed the stable entrance to the building yard.
The main portal shows personifications of architecture and construction technology in the spandrels . The personification of architecture is holding a Dutch style palace built in the latest fashion of the late 17th century. Such personifications, albeit without a palace, are shown in the gusset of the canal gate. The layout is similar on both gates: one female figure in traditional costume symbolizes the construction technology, one the architecture. Both carry a tool in their hand. “The architecture” holds a building in its hand, “the construction industry” points to a windmill wing. In the main portal, the coats of arms of the building owners and building citizens who were active at the time of construction are depicted. Coats of arms of later builders and building citizens were later placed in the interior of the building yard. On the architrave of the main portal there is a wood-framed sandstone panel . The coats of arms of the building citizens Kampe, Bartels, Busch and Peters, who were active at the time the building yard was built, can be seen on it. On the architrave of the fleettore there is a wood-framed sandstone plaque showing carpenters at work.
The gusset of the north portal shows three horses standing on their hind legs. On the architrave is a wooden plaque depicting workers carrying, cutting and preparing fodder.
All three portals have a shield between the figures of the gusset. This shows a helmet with a crest on all three portals. Originally the Hamburg city coat of arms was here, which was removed during the French occupation of Hamburg.
Remarks
- ↑ a b Wilhelm Melhop: Old Hamburg architecture: brief historical development of the architectural styles in Hamburg, depicted on the secular building up to the resurrection of the city after the great fire of 1842, along with chronological biographical notes . Boysen & Maasch, Hamburg 1908, p. 21 .
- ^ Wilhelm Melhop: Alt-Hamburgische Bauweise: Brief historical development of the architectural styles in Hamburg, depicted on the secular building up to the resurrection of the city after the great fire of 1842, along with chronological-biographical notes . Boysen & Maasch, Hamburg 1908, p. 20 .
- ↑ Renaissance and Palladism in Hamburg and Northern Germany . In: Museum for Hamburg History (ed.): Building according to nature - Palladio . Hatje, Ostfildern-Ruit 1997, ISBN 3-7757-0694-1 , p. 164-165 .
literature
- Symbols in stone . In: Hamburg portrait . No. 10 . Museum of Hamburg History, 1987.
- Hermann Heckmann : Baroque and Rococo in Hamburg . German Verl.-Anst., Stuttgart 1990, ISBN 3-421-02983-0 , pp. 56-59, 66-67 .
Coordinates: 53 ° 32 ′ 52 ″ N , 10 ° 0 ′ 20 ″ E