Bavaria Heidelberg

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Bavaria Heidelberg
coat of arms
country
University
founding
October 20, 1890 as Badenia, from January 19, 1902 Bavaria
Prohibition
1901 Badenia is banned
Reconstitution
1902 re-establishment as Bavaria
resolution
End of the SS 1933
tape
Cap
orange
Motto
Amico pectus, hosti frontem!
Heraldic motto
Virtuti semper corona!
Corporation association
Denomination
Jewish
Position to the scale
Duty

The connection Bavaria Heidelberg in the KC was a Jewish student connection in Heidelberg . It existed with interruptions from 1890 to 1933. Bavaria wore colors and fought lengths. She took the standpoint of unconditional satisfaction and saw herself as a union of German students of the Jewish faith. She rejected Zionist tendencies.

History of Badenia (1890–1902)

As a reaction to the increasing anti-Semitism in the German Reich and also within the student body , Jewish student associations emerged in order to offer young students of Jewish faith a home.

In 1896 the Cartel Convent of Jewish Corporations was founded, which sought equality for Jews, the fight against anti-Semitism, and active participation in German life on the basis of patriotic German sentiments.

One of the first members was Badenia Heidelberg, founded in 1890. A characteristic of the KC connections was that every actual or alleged anti-Semitic statement was immediately answered with a demand for satisfaction , which led to frequent duels and arguments with other corporations , but also non-corporations.

In August 1901, other Heidelberg connections filed a collective complaint with the disciplinary office of the academic senate of the university, aimed at banning Badenia. The connection was temporarily banned by the university senate, on August 23, 1902, it had to break up because it endangered academic peace .

Almost at the same time, the members of Badenia founded the association with a slightly different color (blue was replaced by purple) as Bavaria new and thus circumvented the ban.

History of Bavaria (1902–1933)

The following years were also marked by conflicts with other students and attempts to gain academic recognition and equality. However, Bavaria had better relationships with the other non-Jewish corporations than its predecessor.

There was a remarkable convergence in 1919 when the university professor Weber gave a speech directed against the student associations. Bavaria and other associations jointly participated in the protest, which culminated on January 21, 1919 in a public declaration of the 11 associations (from the gymnastics club Ghibellinia to Wingolf ).

From 1907/1911 there was another Jewish connection in Heidelberg: The VJSt Ivria . While the Bavaria for Jewish assimilation and adaptation occurred, which was Ivria Heidelberg Zionist aligned.

Both connections (and their ideologies: German Fatherland versus Promised Israel) competed sharply with one another; When Ivria appeared as “representative of the Jewish student body” at the funeral of a Russian-Jewish fellow student in 1913, there was harsh correspondence; the conflict was settled by a game of fencing .

In 1923, Bavaria was once again suspended for a semester by the rector.

In 1931 the old gentlemen's association was able to acquire the house built in 1835 at Hauptstrasse 244 and have it converted into a corporation house by the architect Richard Stich, senior man of the Viadrina Darmstadt connection. The inauguration took place on the occasion of the 41st Foundation Festival on October 24, 1931, in the presence of numerous guests of honor. Bavaria had around 320 living members at that time.

The house is occupied on April 29, 1933 by Heidelberg NSDStB students under the leadership of Gustav Adolf Scheel. (See Heidelberg. Yearbook on the history of the city, published by the Heidelberger Geschichtsverein, No. 14 (2010), p. 249)

After the National Socialist seizure of power, the situation for Jewish corporations became increasingly untenable. In the summer semester of 1933, Bavaria was the only one of the three active Jewish student associations in Heidelberg ( Bavaria , Ivria , Nicaria ) to open, but it was disbanded on July 11 or 12, 1933, following a decree by the Baden Minister of Culture of July 6.

Known members

  • Friedrich Julius Freund (1898–1944), lawyer, murdered in Auschwitz
  • Ludwig Haas (1875–1930), lawyer, member of the Reichstag, Minister of Baden, officer in the First World War
  • Magnus Hirschfeld (1868–1935), doctor, sex researcher, co-founder of Badenia
  • Julius Kleeberg (1894–1988), German-Israeli professor of internal medicine
  • Ludwig Marum (1882–1934), lawyer, politician of the SPD and victim of the Nazi regime (after the end of Badenia in 1902, disappointedly turned away from the educated middle class and towards the labor movement)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Eckhard Oberdörfer: Der Heidelberger Karzer , Cologne 2005, p. 160.
  2. ↑ http://www.lexikus.de/Zionistisches-Abc-Buch/Studentenvereinigungen-die-juedischen-auf-deutschen-Hochschulen
  3. ↑ a b Monika Pohl: Ludwig Marum: a social democrat of Jewish origin and his rise in the Baden labor movement, 1882-1919 , 2003, ISBN 978-3-88190-341-7 , p. 75
  4. ↑ a b Beyer Gerhard, Aurand Detlev … Weiland Bursch zu Heidelberg: A Festschrift of the Heidelberg Corporations for the 600th anniversary of Ruperto Carola , Heidelberger Verlagsanstalt u. Printer, 1986, ISBN 978-3-920431-63-5 , pp. 353f
  5. ^ Heidelberg University Archives, File UAH-A 869 (VIII, 1, 208a) Concerning the behavior of Badenia
  6. ^ Thomas Weber: Our friend "the enemy": elite education in Britain and Germany before World War I , Stanford University Press, 2007, ISBN 978-0-8047-0014-6 , p. 204
  7. ↑ Max Weber, Horst Baier, Wolfgang J. Mommsen, Max Weber Complete Edition Volume 16 , Mohr Siebeck, 1988, ISBN 978-3-16-845053-5 , p. 192
  8. ^ Norbert Giovannini, Jo-Hannes Bauer, Hans Martin Mumm: Jüdisches Leben in Heidelberg: Studies on an Interrupted History , Wunderhorn, 1992, ISBN 978-3-88423-077-0 , p. 209.
  9. ^ Andreas Cser: History of the Jews in Heidelberg , B. Guderjahn, 1996, ISBN 978-3-924973-48-3 , p. 335.
  10. ↑ Kurt U. Bertrams: Der Kartell-Convent and its connections , 2nd edition, WJK-Verlag, 2009, ISBN 978-3-933892-69-0 , p. 133
  11. ^ Association news of Bavaria in: KC-Blätter, monthly of the corporations united in the Kartell-Convent, ed. v. Kartell-Convent of the Associations of German Students of Jewish Faith, Issue 11, November 1931
  12. ↑ Invitation to the inauguration in: KC-Blätter, monthly of the corporations united in the Kartell-Convent, ed. v. Kartell-Convent of the Associations of German Students of Jewish Faith, Issue 8–9, August 1931
  13. ↑ Michael Doeberl (ed.): Das akademische Deutschland , Vol. 2: The German universities and their academic citizens , Berlin 1931, p. 853.
  14. ^ Arno Weckbecker: The persecution of the Jews in Heidelberg , 1933-1945, CF Muller Juristischer Verlag, 1985, ISBN 978-3-8114-5185-8 , p. 184.