Michael Doeberl

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Michael Doeberl

Michael Doeberl (born January 15, 1861 in Waldsassen , Upper Palatinate , † March 24, 1928 in Partenkirchen , Upper Bavaria ) was a German historian and diplomat. From 1917 to 1928 he held the chair for Bavarian regional history at the Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich.

Life

Michael Doeberl was born the son of a trader. From 1872 to 1880 he attended the grammar school of the Benedictine Abbey of Metten , where he passed the final examination. From 1880 to 1884 he studied history and classical philology at the Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich , where he joined the Corps Germania . Formative professors were Karl Theodor von Heigel and Hermann von Grauert . Doeberl completed his studies in 1884 with the state examination. In 1887 the special examination in history followed. From 1885 Doeberl taught at Bavarian grammar schools, first at the Royal College of Passau , from 1887 in Munich, first at the Luitpold grammar school , and later at the Ludwig grammar school . In 1899 he became a high school professor at the Munich Cadet Corps , where the next generation of officers in the Bavarian Army was trained. On January 1, 1909, Doeberl was appointed to the ministerial department for humanistic and realistic secondary schools in the Bavarian State Ministry for Culture and School Affairs. In 1914 he was promoted to Ministerial Counselor. In 1887 he married Flora Rebay von Ehrenwiesen, with whom he had a son, and in 1891 Marie Jungwirth, with whom he had a daughter. Michael Doeberl died at the age of 67.

academic career

Doeberl pursued a scientific career parallel to his work as a teacher. In 1887 he was at the Friedrich-Alexander University of Erlangen for Dr. phil. PhD. In 1894 he completed his habilitation in Munich. Soon after, he was appointed private lecturer . After completing his habilitation, Doeberl turned to modern history for the first time and in 1900 published the work Bavaria and France, primarily under Elector Ferdinand Maria , which he followed up with a source volume in 1903. With this work Doeberl gained high recognition in professional circles, so that in the winter of 1903/04 the Bavarian Minister of Education, Anton von Wehner, commissioned him to write a manual on Bavarian history. Doeberl complied with the request and was able to publish the first two volumes of his development history of Bavaria in 1906 and 1912 , which extended to 1825. For the continuation of the work Doeberl had to undertake extensive archive studies because there was hardly any preparatory work for the Bavarian history of the 19th century.

As early as 1898, Doeberl was one of the candidates for the first appointment to the newly created chair for Bavarian regional history in Munich. At this time, however, the older and more scientifically distinguished Sigmund von Riezler prevailed. Doeberl continued to work as a high school professor , taught as a private lecturer and was appointed honorary professor in 1904 . When the 74-year-old Riezler asked to be released from his duties in July 1917, Doeberl was again among the successor candidates, this time as the clear favorite. The names Georg Leidinger , Theodor Bitterauf, Karl Alexander von Müller and Doeberl were discussed in the appointment committee . Müller and Doeberl quickly emerged as actual competitors. Riezler wanted his pupil, Müller, who had just qualified as a professor and who had little academic profile, to prevail; Hermann von Grauert was particularly committed to Doeberl. The Appeals Committee proposed both equally. The decision was ultimately made by the Minister of Education and Cultural Affairs, Eugen von Knilling , who appointed Doeberl as Riezler's successor on December 1, 1917. He held the chair for Bavarian regional history until his death.

History of Bavaria

Doeberl's years at the Munich chair were determined by his research into the history of Bavaria in the 19th century. The aim was to compile the third and final volume of his development history of Bavaria , which turned out to be a great success and the first volume of which was available in 1916 and the third volume in 1926. Doeberl's research flowed into his two lectures The history of the modern state in Bavaria and its cultural endeavors since the beginning of the 19th century and Bavaria and Germany in the 19th century . In addition, he published a series of individual studies on the history of the 19th century, the most important of which dealt with Bavarian politics in Germany in the era of the Frankfurt National Assembly , the founding of the Reich and the Union of Erfurt . Another monograph entitled Bavaria and the decisive battle for supremacy in Germany was completed by Doeberl as a manuscript. But he could no longer complete the third volume of the history of development . At Doeberl's request, it was edited by his student Max Spindler from the above-mentioned lectures, smaller individual studies and the unpublished work Bavaria and the decisive battle for supremacy in Germany and was able to appear in 1931.

recognition

Doeberl's reputation can be seen in his presence as a keynote speaker at events in academia and in the state. In March 1917, for example, he spoke the sciences about Bavaria and Germany in the 19th century at the festive event of the Bavarian Academy , in January 1923 he gave the speech on the celebration of the foundation of the Reich and in November 1926 the ceremonial address on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the relocation of the Bavarian State University from Landshut Munich. When the 100th anniversary of the Bavarian constitution was approaching in May 1918, Doeberl was commissioned by Interior Minister Friedrich von Brettreich to write the commemorative publication. Doeberl complied with the request and submitted his study A Century of Bavarian Constitutional Life on time. In this work, the convinced monarchist Doeberl took a cautiously supportive position on the contemporary constitutional debates on parliamentarization and a reform of the Chamber of Imperial Councils . His conclusion from the Bavarian constitutional history: "The history of the Bavarian constitutional life is the history of a steadily advancing democratization of the state" earned him a complaint from the President of the Reichsrat Carl Ernst Fugger von Glött .

Political attitude

The November Revolution and the Munich Soviet Republic refused Doeberl. The end of the Wittelsbach family shocked him. He would have preferred an organic constitutional development towards a parliamentary monarchy . Nevertheless, as early as 1919 he stood on the ground of the facts: "(...) the people's state, democracy with or without a monarchical head, as far as human calculation can predict, has become an irrevocable permanent institution (...)." In a series of articles In the Allgemeine Zeitung in 1919 he classified the revolutionary upheaval historically and published the article in 1920 under the title Socialism, Social Revolution, Social People's State , adding important sources as a monograph. Doeberl himself was close to the BVP after 1919 and, like them, rejected the centralistic elements of the Weimar constitution . In 1922, an incident during Doeberl's lecture on the history of the 16th century, in which he mentioned that the Israelites had been expelled from Bavaria at that time, caused a stir. This remark was applauded by anti-Semitic students, whereupon Doeberl declared: "Gentlemen, I have to confess that every creed counts equally to me if only its representatives are decent people and have a German attitude." This statement brought him the hate speech Observer .

Bavarian Academy of Sciences

In 1903 Doeberl was made an extraordinary member of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences , in 1915 he was made a full member. In 1917 he was chairman of the Monumenta Boica . In addition, he had been a full member of the historical commission at the Bavarian Academy of Sciences from 1916 , and from 1926 until his death he was secretary of the historical class of the academy. Even before the First World War, Doeberl campaigned together with Pius Dirr for the establishment of a commission specifically responsible for Bavarian regional history, the establishment of which, as the commission for Bavarian regional history at the Bavarian Academy of Sciences, he lived to see in 1927 and of which he became the first chairman. The journal for Bavarian regional history was created as the publication organ of the commission, the first issue of which appeared in 1928, the year Doeberl died.

Honors

Prize and Foundation

Every year, the Society of Munich State Historians awards the Michael Doeberl Prize to outstanding theses created at the Institute for Bavarian History .

The Michael Doeberl Foundation supports research projects, students and young scientists in the subject of Bavarian regional history as well as the public presentation of the research results. It is closely linked to the Chair and Institute for Bavarian History at LMU Munich.

Fonts

Academic Germany, Vol. 4
  • Imperial immediacy and protection of the former Cistercian Abbey in Waldsassen in the first three centuries of its existence . Bucher, Passau 1886.
  • Regesta and documents on the history of the Dipoldinger margraves on the Nordgau . J. Gotteswinter printing house, Munich 1893.
  • The Margraviate and the Margraves of the Bavarian Nordgau. Buchner, Bamberg 1894.
  • Bavaria and France mainly under Elector Ferdinand Maria. 2 vols. Haushalter, Munich 1900 and 1903.
  • Development history of Bavaria :
    • Vol. 1: From the oldest times to the Peace of Westphalia. Oldenbourg, Munich 1906.
    • Vol. 2: From the Peace of Westphalia to the death of King Maximilian I Oldenbourg, Munich 1912.
    • Vol. 3: From the accession of King Ludwig I to the death of King Ludwig II with an outlook on the inner development of Bavaria under the Prince Regent Luitpold. Edited by Max Spindler. Oldenbourg, Munich 1931.
  • History textbook for the upper classes of middle schools. 3 vols. Buchner, Bamberg 1909–1910.
  • A century of Bavarian constitutional life. Lindauer, Munich 1918.
  • Socialism, social revolution, social people's state . Verlag der Allgemeine Zeitung, Munich 1920.
  • Bavaria and Germany :
    • Vol. 1: Bavaria and the German question in the era of the Frankfurt Parliament. Oldenbourg, Munich 1922.
    • Vol. 2: Bavaria and the Bismarckian Empire. Oldenbourg, Munich 1925.
    • Vol. 3: Bavaria and the Prussian Union Project. Oldenbourg, Munich 1926.
  • with Otto Scheel , Wilhelm Schlink , Hans Sperl , Eduard Spranger , Hans Bitter and Paul Frank (eds.): The Academic Germany . 4 volumes, 1 register volume by Alfred Bienengräber. CA Weller Verlag, Berlin 1931.

literature

  • Doeberl, Michael , in: Friedhelm Golücke : Author's lexicon for student and university history. SH-Verlag, Cologne 2004, ISBN 3-89498-130-X . Pp. 84-85.
  • Hans Herpich: Monumenta Germaniae II, memorial sheets of the Corps Germania in Munich . Ingolstadt 1968.
  • Ferdinand Kramer : The chair for Bavarian national history from 1917 to 1977. In: Wilhelm Volkert / Walter Ziegler (ed.): In the service of Bavarian history. 70 years of the Commission for Bavarian State History, 50 years of the Institute for Bavarian History. CH Beck, Munich (2nd edition) 1999, pp. 351-406.
  • Hermann Oncken : Nekrolog on Michael Doeberl. Yearbook of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences 1928/29. Munich 1929, pp. 73-78. PDF file
  • Max Spindler : The Bavarian historian Michael Doeberl 1861–1928. In: 100 years Corps Germania Munich. Munich 1963, pp. 16–23 ( PDF on the University of Munich's online server ).
  • Katharina Weigand: Sigmund von Riezler (1843–1927) and Michael Doeberl (1861–1928). In: Katharina Weigand (ed.): Munich historian between politics and science. 150 years of the historical seminar of the Ludwig Maximilians University. Herbert Utz Verlag, Munich 2010, pp. 159–184.
  • Christoph Weisz: History and political thinking Munich historians of the Weimar period. Konrad Beyerle, Max Buchner, Michael Doeberl, Erich Marcks, Karl Alexander von Müller, Hermann Oncken. Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1970.

Web links

Wikisource: Michael Doeberl  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ 100 years of Weinheim Senior Citizens' Convention . Bochum 1963, p. 140.
  2. ↑ Ferdinand Kramer: The chair for Bavarian national history from 1917 to 1977. In: Wilhelm Volkert / Walter Ziegler (Ed.): In the service of Bavarian history. Munich 1998, pp. 351-406, here: pp. 355 f.
  3. ↑ Doeberl, Michael , in: Friedhelm Golücke : Author's lexicon for student and university history. SH-Verlag, Cologne 2004, ISBN 3-89498-130-X . P. 85.
  4. ↑ Dissertation: Imperial immediacy and protective conditions of the former Cistercian Abbey Waldsassen in the first three centuries of its existence .
  5. ^ Habilitation thesis: The Margraviate and the Margraves of the Bavarian Nordgau .
  6. ↑ Ferdinand Kramer: The chair for Bavarian national history from 1917 to 1977. In: Wilhelm Volkert / Walter Ziegler (Ed.): In the service of Bavarian history. Munich 1998, pp. 351-406, here: p. 355.
  7. ↑ Max Spindler: The Bavarian historian Michael Doeberl 1861–1928. In: 100 years Corps Germania Munich. Munich 1963, pp. 16-23, here: pp. 18 f.
  8. ^ Katharina Weigand: Sigmund von Riezler (1843-1927) and Michael Doeberl (1861-1928). In: Katharina Weigand (ed.): Munich historian between politics and science. 150 years of the historical seminar of the Ludwig Maximilians University. Munich 2010, pp. 159–184, here: pp. 177–183.
  9. ^ Hermann Oncken: Nekrolog auf Michael Doeberl. In: Yearbook of the Bavarian Academy of Sciences 1928/29. Munich 1929, pp. 73–78, here: p. 75.
  10. ^ Michael Doeberl: Development history of Bavaria. Third volume. Edited by Max Spindler, Munich 1931 (Spindler's foreword, pp. V – VIII).
  11. ↑ Max Spindler: The Bavarian historian Michael Doeberl 1861–1928. In: 100 years Corps Germania Munich. Munich 1963, pp. 16–23, here: p. 21.
  12. ^ Michael Doeberl: Bavaria and Germany in the 19th century. Ceremonial speech given at the public meeting of the K. Academy of Sciences to celebrate the 158th Foundation Day on March 14, 1917. Munich 1917.
  13. ↑ Michael Doeberl: King Ludwig I, the second founder of the Ludwig Maximilians University. Munich 1926.
  14. ↑ Willy Albrecht: The Bavarian Constitutional Jubilee of May 1918. In: Journal for Bavarian Landesgeschichte 31 (1968), pp. 675–684, here: 676 ff. (Quotation p. 676).
  15. ↑ Ferdinand Kramer: The chair for Bavarian national history from 1917 to 1977. In: Wilhelm Volkert / Walter Ziegler (Ed.): In the service of Bavarian history. Munich 1998, pp. 351-406, here: pp. 360 f. (Quotation p. 361, note 57).
  16. ↑ Ferdinand Kramer: The chair for Bavarian national history from 1917 to 1977. In: Wilhelm Volkert / Walter Ziegler (Ed.): In the service of Bavarian history. Munich 1998, pp. 351-406, here: pp. 359 f. (Quote p. 360, note 47).
  17. ↑ Doeberl, Michael , in: Friedhelm Golücke : Author's lexicon for student and university history. SH-Verlag, Cologne 2004, ISBN 3-89498-130-X . P. 84.
  18. ^ Katharina Weigand: Sigmund von Riezler and Michael Doeberl. In: Katharina Weigand (ed.): Munich historian between politics and science. 150 years of the historical seminar of the Ludwig Maximilians University . Munich 2010, 159–184, here: p. 183. (digitally available as a google book snippet.) [1] March 19, 2017.
personal data
SURNAME Doeberl, Michael
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German regional historian of Bavaria
DATE OF BIRTH January 15, 1861
PLACE OF BIRTH Waldsassen
DATE OF DEATH March 24, 1928
Place of death Partenkirchen