Bavarian Cadet Corps
The Bavarian Cadet Corps was an officer school of the Bavarian Army in Munich .
The institute was founded in 1756 and has been the central training facility of the Bavarian officer corps since 1805 . As part of the army reform of 1868 , attending the cadet corps was given the same status as the secondary school . As part of the integration of the Bavarian Army into the Reichswehr and the lifting of its special status, the institution was dissolved in 1920 and integrated into the Wittelsbacher Gymnasium .
history
Elector Maximilian III. Joseph had a cadet corps set up in 1756, which was settled in Munich. According to Johann Martin Maximilian Einzinger von Einzing , in his standard work Bayerische Adelshistorie (1768), the first commander, Philipp Reinhard von Klingenberg, was also the initiator of the cadet institute who had proposed the establishment to the elector. The officer made great contributions to the establishment of the young institute and also prepared the first statutes. It was officially founded on July 1, 1756. Specifically, after its establishment, the corps was housed in a house in front of Sendlinger Tor . From 1762 the cadets were quartered in a house near the Kreuzkaserne . In 1775 they moved to the "Wilhelminum", a former Jesuit college building , which from 1783 housed the Bavarian Academy of Sciences and was destroyed in 1944.
The Cadet Corps was spun off in 1777 from the army and of Duchess Maria Anna of Bavaria privately continue to operate as the state after the unification of the Palatinate and the Electorate of Bavaria could not muster the necessary funds. From 1778 the private school was called "Ducal Marian State Academy".
After the Duchess died in 1790, the corps was again run by the state at the suggestion of Count Rumford as a " military academy ". Elector Max IV. Joseph had the academy, which at the time increasingly focused on academic education, reorganized militarily in 1805. Georg von Tausch created the institute's new curriculum under the commandant, General Reinhard von Werneck .
Since there was not enough space in the Wilhelminum, from 1805 consideration was given to relocating the corps to the Hieronymites Monastery in Lehel (today the monastery church of St. Anna im Lehel ). A corresponding electoral decree was issued on March 22, 1805. On July 3, 1805, the elector approved the renovation plans of his court manager, Andreas Gärtner . Due to a memorandum from the later Minister of War, Johann Nepomuk von Triva , who recommended the establishment of a barracks in the monastery, the plans for the cadet corps were rejected shortly afterwards. Instead, the Lehel barracks was set up in the monastery .
It was not until November 1808 that new accommodation was planned. This time it was about the former widow's residence of Duchess Anna Marie, the so-called "Herzoggarten" on Karlsplatz . In the spring of 1809, the Frey War Economics Council prepared a report in which he suggested an alternative location in Maxvorstadt , as the buildings in the Herzoggarten should have been renovated. Since the commander of the cadet corps, General von Werneck, did not come to an agreement with the war economics council, the corps remained in the Wilhelminum until 1827 and ultimately moved to the Herzoggarten.
In 1851, artillery and genius training was removed from the general curriculum. Prospective infantry and cavalry officers were now transferred to their respective units after completing their general qualifications, while the junkers of the artillery and engineering troops received a further two years of special training at the Royal Bavarian Artillery and Engineering School .
After Prince Karl's death , the Herzoggarten fell to his great-nephew Prince Otto , but Prince Luitpold claimed the area because of his mental illness . From 1879 the army therefore had to pay an annual rent of 22,000 marks. The Ministry of War then planned to relocate all military educational institutions to the Marsfeld . These plans were initially not pursued further due to lack of funds, but when the Ministry of Finance bought the Herzoggarten, the cadet corps finally had to be relocated.
King Ludwig II had approved the construction of new military educational institutions on the Marsfeld on April 29, 1885, the planning phase was completed in mid-1886. On April 9, 1888, construction began on the new building of the Cadet Corps, which was handed over to it on August 1, 1890.
Commanders
| Rank | Surname | date |
|---|---|---|
| Philipp Reinhard von Klingenberg | 1756 to 1762 | |
| Anton of Doumayrou | 1762 to 1768 | |
| Ernst von Reissen | 1768 to 1775 | |
| Franz d'Ancillon | 1775 to 1790 | |
| Rudolph von Benzel | 1790 to 1791 | |
| Friedrich von Schwachheim | 1791 to 1805 | |
| Reinhard von Werneck | 1805 to 1817 | |
| Georg von Tausch | 1817 to 1836 | |
| Karl Ernst von Grießenbeck | 1836 to 1848 | |
| Moritz von Kretschmann | 1848 to 1851 | |
| Michael von Schuh | 1851 to 1864 | |
| Ferdinand of Malaisé | 1864 to 1867 | |
| Maximilian Hebberling | 1867 to 1873 | |
| Anton Orff | 1873 to 1876 | |
| Alexander von Freyberg | 1876 to 1883 | |
| Emil von Schelhorn | 1884 to 1888 | |
| Wilhelm Gemmingen von Massenbach | 1888 to 1889 | |
| Maximilian von Schuh | 1889 to 1890 | |
| Karl von Waldenfels | 1890 to 1892 | |
| Friedrich von Langenmantel | 1892 to 1899 | |
| Major / Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel | Eduard Zorn | 1899 to 1903 |
| Colonel | Friedrich Hurt | 1903 to 1908 |
| Major / Lieutenant Colonel / Colonel | Franz Samhaber | 1908 to 1912 |
| Major / Lieutenant Colonel | Otto von Huebner | 1912 to 1914 |
| Colonel | Franz Spengler | 1914 to 1916 |
| Major General z. D. | Friedrich Otto | 1916 to 1917 |
| Hugo Seemüller | 1917 to 1919 | |
| Karl Koerber | 1919 to 1920 |
literature
- Jürgen Kraus : Special exhibition The Bavarian Cadet Corps 1756–1920 (= publications of the Bavarian Army Museum , Volume 3). Edited by the Bavarian Army Museum, Verlag Donaukurier 1981, ISBN 3-920253-15-9 .
- Christian Lankes (Ed.): Munich as a garrison in the 19th century. Mittler-Verlag. Berlin, Bonn, Herford 1993.
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Johann Martin Maximilian Einzinger von Einzing : Bavarian Adelshistorie. 1768. p. 134. Scan from the source
- ↑ Reinhard von Werneck in Munich Wiki ( Memento of the original from October 30, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Brother -in-law of Wilhelm von Meinel
