Johann Nepomuk von Triva

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Johann Nepomuk von Triva

Johann Nepomuk Joseph Florian von Triva (born September 20, 1755 in Munich ; † April 8, 1827 there ) was a Bavarian artillery general and minister of war .

Life

He was the son of the Elector Hofrat Franz Joseph Askanius Heinrich von Triva and his wife Maria Benedicta, nee Fiedler von Westin.

After the early death of her parents, Triva entered the Bavarian Army on September 1, 1766 . He was admitted to the "Noble Cadet" Corps by Supreme Ordinance on the same day and trained as a piqueur in the engineer corps with ensign rank over the next six years. Assigned to Rothenberg on May 27, 1773 to build the fortress , he was promoted to subordinate in the engineering corps on April 19, 1777. After the dissolution of the engineering corps in 1778, he was assigned to the 1st Munich Division as a conductor in Rothenberg.

Triva married the daughter of the Amberg government councilor from Velhorn in 1779. With the funds from the marriage he “acquired” a position as captain in the Neuburg Infantry Regiment “Kurprinz” on June 30, 1780 , where he received a grenadier company on January 5, 1783. On April 17, 1785 he was appointed second major in the Munich infantry regiment "Count Palatine Maximilian von Zweibrücken", then on January 1, 1790 as 1st major and on June 8, 1791 as lieutenant colonel in his now in 6th fusilier regiment " Pfalzgraf Max ”(from July 21, 1790“ Pfalzgraf Wilhelm von Birkenfeld ”) renamed regiment. During this time he helped when Rumford laid out the English garden. In 1791 Triva became a widower.

In 1792 he led a battalion under Colonel Count Nogarola in the corps assembled in Donauwörth to reinforce the Mannheim garrison . He distinguished himself in particular in the campaigns against France in 1793 and 1794. In a letter to the Elector, his contingent commander, Count Ysenburg, attested to his military knowledge, cold bloodedness and the presence of the spirit, accompanied by more than ordinary bravery, order and discipline in his battalion. He was able to prove this again in the battles near Wörth in December 1793, especially since in a critical situation (French troops threatened to cut off his battalion) he was able to regroup his men after a disorderly retreat and then return them to their winter quarters in an orderly manner. For these battles, Triva was awarded the Military Medal of Honor in an electoral rescript of February 19, 1795 .

Promoted to Colonel in the 6th Fusilier Regiment (now) "Count Palatinate Pius" on April 14, 1796, he returned to Bavaria under Count Ysenburg's corps, where, after a brief assignment with the 2nd Grenadier Regiment "Kurprinz" on 16 April, he was promoted to colonel November 1798 was transferred back to the 6th Fusilier Regiment (now) "Pius". From February 11, 1799, he moved the fortress and regiment commander in Mannheim as a contingent commander to Philippsburg , where, after the relief of Philippsburg (September 13, 1799), he was commended with special praise by the local governor, the Count Palatine von Salm, and Archduke Karl has been. After brief command of Baron von Wrede's brigade in March 1800, he was appointed Quartermaster General in the Subsidies Corps and promoted to Major General on June 14, 1800 with the highest signing.

On March 9th Triva took over the position of chief of the secret war bureau, was promoted to the army administration under Max I. Joseph's right hand man and on September 28th 1804 to lieutenant general. With the army order of March 1, 1806, he was awarded the Grand Cross of the Military Max Joseph Order , and on March 22, 1806, he was appointed the Order's first Grand Chancellor. On September 27, 1809, he was appointed Minister-State Secretary in Warfare (Minister of War was the King himself until 1814) and on January 1, 1811, he was promoted to General of Artillery. With the very highest signature of March 7, 1814, King Triva transferred the responsibility of the Minister of War. On December 31, 1816 Triva was raised to hereditary count because of his services to prince and fatherland. On February 2, 1817, he was appointed Minister of State for the Army. The Bavarian Academy of Sciences accepted him on April 10, 1818 as an honorary member.

In September 1822 Triva submitted his pension application, which King Max I Joseph granted, adding his rank, title and previous salary. Triva died on April 8, 1827 in Munich. In his will, he set up a military mild foundation fund with 1000  fl , which is to be paid out annually to the neediest military widows.

Triva was influenced by the humanistic ideals of Lessing and Rousseau , and incorporated these values ​​into the service regulations, so that the Bavarian army was the first German army to abolish corporal punishment . Nevertheless, he always remained a child of the 18th century who could not really warm up to the major military and social issues of his time, such as conscription and national armament .

Honors

literature

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personal data
SURNAME Triva, Johann Nepomuk from
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Triva, Johann Nepomuk Joseph Florian Graf von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Bavarian general and minister of war
DATE OF BIRTH September 20, 1755
PLACE OF BIRTH Munich
DATE OF DEATH April 8, 1827
Place of death Munich