Ludwig Haas (politician)

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Ludwig Haas (before 1921)

Ludwig Haas (born April 16, 1875 in Freiburg im Breisgau ; † August 2, 1930 in Karlsruhe ) was a German lawyer in Karlsruhe ( Baden ), a democratic member of the Reichstag , an officer in the First World War and a Baden minister .

Life and work

After graduating from the humanistic grammar school in Bruchsal , Haas studied law in Heidelberg , Munich and Freiburg from 1894 . During his studies he joined the " Badenia " association in the " Cartel Convent of the Associations of German Students of the Jewish Faith ". In 1897 he founded the "Friburgia" in Freiburg. In 1898 he received his doctorate in law with a dissertation on the subject of "Mehrthäterschaft" under Richard Schmidt .

After the second state examination in 1901, Haas set up as a lawyer in Karlsruhe . During the First World War he was first as platoon and company commander in the Reserve Infantry Regiment No. 238 ( promoted to lieutenant in Flanders in 1914 and awarded the Iron Cross 1st class) and later with the head of administration of the General Government of Warsaw as head of department for Jewish schools and religious affairs. In the German civil administration in occupied Poland, he was involved in making the Polish Jews representatives of Germanness, which generated a not inconsiderable hatred of the Poles against the Germans. In a speech in the Reichstag , he warned against the “proof of conscripted Jews in the army”, the so-called “ Jewish census ”, and the anti-Semitism underlying this plan .

Haas belonged to the " German League for the League of Nations " and the German Peace Society as well as the " Bund deutscher Bodenreformer ". For a time he was also a member of the main board of the “ Central Association of German Citizens of Jewish Faith ” and also for a time the board of directors of the “ Reich Association of Jewish Frontline Soldiers ”. He saw the German Jews inextricably linked to the German people through history and culture. In his opinion, all contradictions between Germanness and Judaism should be completely eliminated. He rejected Zionism .

Haas had been married to Josefine Mayer (1874–1943) since 1902 and had two children, Judith Anna (1903–1990) and Karl Julius (1909–1992).

Political party

Haas was a member of the Progressive People's Party during the German Empire and took part in the founding of the DDP in 1918 .

In 1924 Haas took part in the establishment of the " Reichsbanner Schwarz-Rot-Gold ". In July 1926 he tried together with Paul Löbe ( SPD ) and Joseph Wirth ( ZENTRUM ) to combine all forces loyal to the Republic in a "Republican Union". Between 1926 and 1933, a total of 39 issues of the "German Republic" appeared under these three editors. However, this collection movement could not prevail in either party.

MP

From 1909 to 1919 Haas was a city councilor in Karlsruhe. In 1919 he was a member of the state parliament in Baden .

From 1912 to 1918 Haas was a member of the Reichstag for the Karlsruhe constituency . In 1919/20 he was a member of the Weimar National Assembly , from the Reichstag election in 1920 until his death - first elected in the Baden constituency, then from 1928 in Thuringia - again a member of the Reichstag . 1928/29 he acted as chairman of the Reichstag parliamentary group of the German Democratic Party.

Public offices

Haas was Minister of the Interior in Baden from November 10, 1918 to April 1, 1919 . After Moritz Ellstätter, he was the second Jew to be appointed to the head of a ministry in a German country without a change of faith. He remained a State Councilor in the Goiss II cabinet until August 4, 1920 .

Honors

On January 23, 2018 decided council of the city of Karlsruhe , a street in the northwestern city of Ludwig Haas naming.

literature

  • Ewald Grothe / Aubrey Pomerance / Andreas Schulz (eds.): Ludwig Haas. A German Jew and a fighter for democracy. Droste, Düsseldorf 2017, ISBN 978-3-7700-5335-3 .
  • Ludwig Luckemeyer: Ludwig Haas as a member of the Reichstag of the Progressive People's Party (FVP) and the German Democratic Party (DDP). For the 100th birthday of the important statesman of the Weimar Republic . In: Günter Schulz (Ed.): Critical Solidarity. Reflections on the German-Jewish self-image. For Max Plaut on his 70th birthday , Bremen 1971, pp. 119–174.
  • Monika Pohl: Alliance policy for the parliamentary constitutional state. The two ministers of Jewish origin in the Baden Provisional People's Government 1918/19. In: Oliver von Mengersen (ed.): People - social movements - parties. Contributions to the latest history. Festschrift for Hartmut Soell , Heidelberg 2004, pp. 59–78.
  • Monika Pohl: Ludwig Haas. In: Jewish Life in Baden 1809 to 2004 , ed. from the Upper Council of the Israelites of Baden, Ostfildern 2009, pp. 245–248.
  • Judith Schrag-Haas: Memories of my father Ludwig Haas . In: Bulletin des Leo-Baeck-Institut 4 (1961), pp. 73-92.
  • Heinrich Walle: Ludwig Haas. In: Badische Biographien , New Series, Vol. 2, Stuttgart 1987, pp. 114–116.
  • Heinrich Walle: German Jewish soldiers from the Grand Duchy of Baden in the First World War. In memory of Ludwig Frank and Ludwig Haas. In: Jews in Baden. 175 Years of the Superior Council of the Israelites of Baden , ed. from the Oberrat der Israeliten Baden, Karlsruhe 1984, pp. 173–197.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Klaus A. Lankheit: renounced the ministerial office. Ludwig Haas and the German Democratic Party . In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung of January 9, 2018, p. 6.
  2. ^ Name of a street in the north-west of the city after Ludwig Haas. Retrieved August 28, 2019 .
personal data
SURNAME Haas, Ludwig
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German politician (DDP), MdR
DATE OF BIRTH April 16, 1875
PLACE OF BIRTH Freiburg in Breisgau
DATE OF DEATH 2nd August 1930
Place of death Karlsruhe