German League for the League of Nations
The German League for the League of Nations (DLfV) was an organization that campaigned for the League of Nations idea in Germany between 1918 and 1933 .
history
The German League for the League of Nations was founded after the end of the First World War on December 17, 1918 in Berlin with significant participation of the Foreign Office through the establishment of a working committee. The founders included social democrats ( majority social democrats and representatives of the Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany ), politicians from liberal parties and the center , as well as diplomats, scientists, entrepreneurs and representatives of business associations. This group of people included, for example, Matthias Erzberger , Hans Simons , Walther Schücking , Ernst Jäckh, Robert Bosch , Hjalmar Schacht and Wilhelm Cuno .
The DLfV served to prepare and secure the League of Nations, to promote the idea of the League of Nations and to cooperate with like-minded organizations abroad. In addition, the scientific study of the League of Nations was an organizational purpose. The league published a variety of brochures and pamphlets and organized some rallies.
The DLfV had good connections with the Reich Foreign Ministry. Two of its members temporarily held the office of Foreign Minister - Walter Simons and Friedrich Rosen . It was also financially supported by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and incorporated into its budget in 1928. She spoke out against the Peace Treaty of Versailles and campaigned for Germany to join the League of Nations, which took place in 1926.
The loose cooperation with the German Peace Cartel , an umbrella organization of pacifist associations, was broken when the DLfV opened up to politicians from right-wing parties. These included Walter Lambach , a leader of the German National Handicrafts Association , Otto Hoetzsch and Axel von Freytagh-Loringhoven .
After the National Socialist German Workers' Party came to power in 1933, it was brought into line and renamed the German Society for League of Nations . Heinrich Schnee , former governor of German East Africa , now chaired the meeting . The society became the mouthpiece of the foreign policy of the German Reich. After Germany left the League of Nations and left the Geneva Disarmament Conference in 1933, it was of little importance. It lasted until 1945, until then it was mainly concerned with international law studies.
Known members
- Max von Baden , last Chancellor of the Empire
- Robert Bosch , industrialist
- Wilhelm Cuno , non-party politician and Chancellor of the Reich from 1922 to 1923 in the Weimar Republic
- Friedrich Ebert , chairman of the SPD and President of the Reich from 1919 to 1925
- Matthias Erzberger , publicist and center - politician , head of the Ceasefire Commission and Minister of Finance
- Hugo Haase , politician and pacifist , from 1911 to 1916 chairman of the SPD, in 1918 Deputy Chancellor for two months .
- Ernst Jäckh , journalist, managing director of the Deutscher Werkbund and professor at the German University of Politics in Berlin, the New Commonwealth Institute in London and Columbia University in New York City
- Otto Junghann , district administrator, district president and head of international organizations as well as activist for minority rights
- Hjalmar Schacht , politician, banker , Reichsbank President from 1923 to 1930 and 1933 to 1939, and Reich Minister of Economics from 1934 to 1937
- Philipp Scheidemann , Chancellor of the Reich in the Weimar Republic, chairman of the SPD
- Walther Schücking , liberal politician, international lawyer and first permanent judge from Germany at the Permanent International Court of Justice in The Hague
- Hans Simons , lawyer, administrative officer and political scientist
Publications (selection)
- The Ultimatum of the Entente - Full text of the mantle note and the answer to the German counter-proposals. Official wording. Engelmann, Berlin 1919.
- Germany and the League of Nations. Hobbing, Berlin 1926.
literature
- Günter Höhne: German League for League of Nations (DLfV) 1918-April 1933 , in: Lexicon of the history of parties. The bourgeois and petty bourgeois parties and associations in Germany (1789-1945). In four volumes. Edited by Dieter Fricke (head of the editorial collective), Werner Fritsch, Herbert Gottwald, Siegfried Schmidt and Manfred Weißbecker . Volume 2 German League for the League of Nations - general association of Christian trade unions in Germany. Pahl-Rugenstein, Cologne 1984, pp. 9-16, ISBN 3-7609-0877-2 .
- Jost Dülffer : From internationalism to expansionism. The German League for the League of Nations , in: Wolfgang Elz, Sönke Neitzel (Ed.): International relations in the 19th and 20th centuries. Festschrift for Winfried Baumgart on his 65th birthday , Schöningh, Paderborn 2003, pp. 251–266, ISBN 3-506-70140-1 .
Web links
- Martin Löffler: The ›German League for the League of Nations‹ - way ahead of its time (PDF)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Jost Dülffer : Making Peace: De-escalation and Peace Policy in the 20th Century. Böhlau Verlag Köln Weimar, 2008, p. 174