Siege of Ceuta (1419)
| date | 1419 |
|---|---|
| place | Ceuta |
| output | Portuguese victory |
| consequences | Assassination of Abu Said Uthman III. |
| Parties to the conflict | |
|---|---|
| Commander | |
|
D. Pedro de Menezes |
Abu Said Uthman III.
|
.svg){kind=small}
The siege of Ceuta of 1419 - according to Edward McMurdo the first siege took place as early as 1418 - was carried out between the siege troops of the Merinid Sultan of Morocco, Abu Said Uthman III. , supported by the Emirate of Granada , and the Portuguese troops in Ceuta under the command of Pedro de Menezes.
siege
The conquest of the city of Ceuta on the African mainland by the Portuguese in 1415 was a heavy loss for the Merinids because of its strategically important location . Therefore, in 1419 , the Sultan gathered an army and besieged the city. The Emirate of Granada supported him as it saw its connection to North Africa threatened. The siege had to be interrupted in the meantime to make up for losses and to increase the force. The Portuguese in distress in the city asked John I of Portugal to blow up the siege, whereupon the latter gathered a fleet under the command of his two sons Heinrich the Navigator and John of Portugal to relieve Ceuta .
Even before the relief fleet arrived, the commander-in-chief of Ceuta, Pedro de Menezes, led his troops out of the city against the Merinids and was able to break the siege. Heinrich's fleet, which arrived later, prevented further siege attempts.
consequences
Because the Sultan was blamed for the loss of Ceuta, he was murdered in a coup d'état in Fez in 1420 . As a result, disputes over the throne broke out in Morocco and the country fell into chaos. Abu Said Uthman's son Abdalhaqq II was installed as sultan by the Wattasid viziers when he was only one year old. He was the last ruler of the Merinid dynasty. The political crisis of the Merinids relieved Ceuta and the Portuguese in the following years.
bibliography
- Edward McMurdo: The History of Portugal. Volume II. From the Reign of D. Diniz to the Reign of D. Alfonso V. Sampson Low, Marston, Searle, & Rivington Ltd., London 1889, LCCN 04-025170 (English).
- Heinrich Schäfer : History of Portugal. From the extinction of the real Burgundian line to the end of the Middle Ages. Volume 2, F. Perthes, Hamburg 1839, OCLC 718048498
- Charles-André Julien : Histoire de l'Afrique du Nord. Des origines à 1830. ( Bibliothèque historique ) Payot, Paris 1994, ISBN 978-2-228-88789-2 (French)
Individual evidence
- ^ Edward McMurdo: The History of Portugal Volume II. From the Reign of D. Diniz to the Reign of D. Alfonso V (Compiled from Portuguese Histories). In: The History of Portugal . tape 2 . Sampson Low, Marston, Searle, & Rivington Ltd., London 1889, LCCN 04-025170 , OCLC 935358921 , p. 367 (English, purl.pt [PDF; 17.7 MB ; accessed on September 28, 2018]).
- ^ Heinrich Schäfer : History of Portugal . From the extinction of the real Burgundian line to the end of the Middle Ages. In: History of Portugal . tape 2 . F. Perthes, Hamburg 1839, OCLC 718048498 , p. 293 f . ( google.de [PDF; accessed on September 28, 2018]).
- ^ Edward McMurdo: The History of Portugal. Volume II. , Pp. 367f
- ^ Edward McMurdo: The History of Portugal. Volume II. , P. 368
- ^ Charles-André Julien: Histoire de l'Afrique du Nord . Des origines à 1830. Payot, Paris 1994, ISBN 2-228-88789-7 , p. 195-196 (French).