Mountain plantain

Mountain plantain
	Mountain Plantain ( Plantago atrata )
Systematics
	Asterids
	Euasterids I
Order :	Mint family (Lamiales)
Family :	Plantain family (Plantaginaceae)
Genre :	Plantain ( Plantago )
Type :	Mountain plantain
Scientific name
	Plantago atrata
	Hoppe

The mountain plantain ( Plantago atrata ) is a type of plant from the genus of the plantain ( Plantago ) in the family of the plantain family (Plantaginaceae).

description

The mountain plantain is a rosette-leaved, perennial plant that reaches heights of 5 to 15 centimeters. The leaves are narrow-lanceolate and indistinctly petiolate, there are 3 to 7 strong longitudinal nerves and the margin is entire or slightly toothed. The flower stem is round (the most important distinguishing feature from the Plantago lanceolata and Plantago argentea, which are similar in habit and foliage, each with a 5-furrowed stem).

Mountain plantain ( Plantago atrata ), illustration

The inflorescence is spiky, upright and leafless, at the fruiting time it lies down and it is longer than the leaves. The ears are spherical, dark and up to 2.5 centimeters long. The flowers are inconspicuous and four-part. The bracts are diamond-shaped, calloused in the middle, dry-skinned and blunt on the edge. The sepals are almost not fused. The corolla tube is bulbous and bald, the corolla lobes are brownish and protruding. The stamens are yellowish and fused with the crown at the base. The styluses are thread-like. The ovary is on top.

The capsule fruits are two-seeded.

Flowering time is from May to August.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 12.

Occurrence

The mountain plantain occurs frequently on alpine to subalpine meadows on snow-moist, nutrient-rich, mostly calcareous, humus-rich, stony or pure clay soils in all European mountains. It is a character species of the class of arctic-alpine snow valleys Salicetea herbaceae and occurs particularly in societies of the limestone snow-soil associations Arabidion caeruleae or Poion alpinae. In the central Dinarides the association Plantaginetum atratae is widespread in deep hollows where cold air can collect.

Systematics

One can distinguish the following subspecies:

Plantago atrata Hoppe subsp. atrata
Plantago atrata subsp. carpatica (Soó) Soó : It occurs in Romania, Slovakia and Ukraine.
Plantago atrata subsp. discolor (Gand.) M. Laínz : It occurs in Spain.
Plantago atrata subsp. fuscescens (Jord.) Pilgrim : It occurs in France and Italy.
Plantago atrata subsp. graeca (Halácsy) Holub (Syn .: Plantago graeca Halácsy ): It occurs in Greece and Cyprus.
Plantago atrata subsp. holosericea (Roem. & Schult.) Holub (Syn .: Plantago holosericea Roem. & Schult. ): It occurs in France.
Plantago atrata subsp. spadicea pilg. : It occurs in Turkey and Ukraine.
Plantago atrata subsp. sudetica (Pilg.) Holub : It occurs in the Czech Republic.

literature

Gunter Steinbach (Ed.): Alpine flowers (Steinbach's natural guide). Mosaik Verlag GmbH, Munich 1996, ISBN 3-576-10558-1 .

Individual evidence

↑ ^a ^b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 873 .
^ Heinz Ellenberg, Vjekoslav Glavac, Ivo Horvat 1974: Vegetation Southeast Europe. Fischer, Stuttgart. Here p. 629
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Karol Marhold, 2011: Plaantaginaceae : Datasheet Plantago atrata In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.

Web links

Commons : Mountain Plantain ( Plantago atrata ) - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Plantago atrata Hoppe, mountain plantain. In: FloraWeb.de.
Mountain plantain . In: BiolFlor, the database of biological-ecological characteristics of the flora of Germany.
Profile and distribution map for Bavaria . In: Botanical Information Hub of Bavaria .
Plantago atrata Hoppe s. l. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved March 28, 2016.
Plantago atrata Hoppe s. st. In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved March 28, 2016.
Thomas Meyer: Plantain data sheet with identification key and photos at Flora-de: Flora von Deutschland (old name of the website: Flowers in Swabia )

[Oberdorfer2001-1] Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 873 .

[2] Heinz Ellenberg, Vjekoslav Glavac, Ivo Horvat 1974: Vegetation Southeast Europe. Fischer, Stuttgart. Here p. 629

[Euro+Med-3] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h Karol Marhold, 2011: Plaantaginaceae : Datasheet Plantago atrata In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity.