Berlinchen near Zinnitz

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Berlinchen was a desert near Zinnitz, northwest of Calau , which died between the late Middle Ages and the Thirty Years' War. Remnants of the desert were destroyed in the course of lignite mining and recultivation in the 20th century.

location

The village was in the southeast part of today's Zinnitz district, about 600 to 700 meters from the church, between the Schrake and the path that led to the also devastated Buschmühle . The small village was laid out in a north-south direction parallel to the Schrake.

history

It was first mentioned in 1463 and 1466 as Berlinichen . The name is probably derived from the Slavic name for swamp biŕl or beŕl . Eichler rules out a reduction in the name of the city of Berlin . Between 1463 and 1466 and 1469 those of Buxdorf zu Zinnitz and Schlabendorf were enfeoffed with Berlinchen and other places. The same happened in 1527. The owners of Zinnitz were enfeoffed in 1576 with half the village of Berlinichen or Perlinichen and in 1577 with the entire village of Perlinichen . In 1650 the fiefdom and manor was called Zinnitz and Bellinchen .

It is assumed that the place died in the late medieval desert phase as a result of the Thirty Years' War at the latest . In 1684 Georg August von Görner was named as the landlord of Zinnitz and Berlin (i) chen in his letter of nobility. An inspection report of the border between Zinnitz and Groß Jehser from 1689 describes the place as a desolate village . In the Zürnerschen survey from the year 1723 it is mentioned that the village Berlinchen, borne by Zinnitz, was devastated in the old war . On a map from 1753 by Christoph Ludwig Grundt , the Schrake river is shown as the border between Zinnitz and the deserted Mark. In the chronicle of the Creyß-Stadt Calau in Marggrafthum Nieder-Lausitz from the year 1758, Berlinchen mit Zinnitz is run as an independent manor, although the place no longer existed at that time.

Archaeological sightings

During a field inspection of the desert mark in May 1960, numerous shards were found. These are almost exclusively blue-gray medieval shards. The shards were found in large quantities on the surface of the ground, including twelve fragments of ribbon handles.

In June and July 1998, a four-kilometer-long pipeline was laid between the former Seese-West and Schlabendorf-Süd opencast lignite mines. This work was archaeologically supervised. Soil monuments were not discovered, but remnants of the settlement phase of the deserted Berlinchen were discovered. A large part of the desert, however, was already destroyed during the development work of the Schlabendorf-Süd opencast mine without archaeological care. During the archaeological safeguarding in 1998, a box well and a loosely set stone pavement were discovered.

literature

  • Kay-Uwe Uschmann: Last traces of the medieval desertification of Berlinchen near Zinnitz, Oberspreewald-Lausitz district. In: Excavations in the Niederlausitz brown coal area. Brandenburg State Museum for Prehistory and Early History, ISSN  1436-249X , ISBN 3-910011-16-0 .
  • Fritz Bönisch: Berlin, Berline and Berlinchen in Niederlausitz. In: Excavations in the Niederlausitz brown coal area. Brandenburg State Museum for Prehistory and Early History, ISSN  1436-249X , ISBN 3-910011-16-0 .
  • Ernst Eichler : The place names of Niederlausitz . Domowina-Verlag, Bautzen 1975.