Schrake
| Schrake | ||
 The Schrake in Ursulagrund (Spree) |
||
| Data | ||
| location | District of Elbe-Elster and Oberspreewald-Lausitz , Brandenburg , Germany | |
| River system | Elbe | |
| Drain over | Dobra → Südumfluter → Spree → Havel → Elbe → North Sea | |
| Headwaters | in Babben 51 ° 42 ′ 43 " N , 13 ° 47 ′ 29" E |
|
| muzzle | north-east of Mallenchen in the Dobra coordinates: 51 ° 45 '54 " N , 13 ° 52' 39" E 51 ° 45 '54 " N , 13 ° 52' 39" E
|
|
| length | 11.3 km | |
The Schrake is a 11.3 km long stream in Niederlausitz in the state of Brandenburg . Like its neighboring rivers Dobra , Kleptna, Schuche and Wudritz, it belongs to a creek system that has drained the Lausitz border wall and its small northern basins towards the Spreewald since the Ice Age .
geography
The headwaters of the Schrake are located directly in the village of Babben (municipality of Massen-Niederlausitz ). Several springs ensure that a small stream is created here. The village lies at the beginning of the Ice Age Babbener Rinne, which runs east towards the Mehßower Basin. The water from the heights of the Lusatian border wall presses to the surface as springs in the lower Babben. The Schrake meanders through the Ursulagrund eastwards to Schrakau . It then continues on its way in a northerly direction, touches Groß-Mehßow , flows through Tugam and finally joins the Dobra 1.5 km northeast of Mallenchen .
Inflows into the Schrake are the Rietzka, a brook coming from the Groß-Mehßower ponds, and the Schuche, which flows into the Schrake at Mallenchen.
history
etymology
The Schrake probably got its name from the village Schrakau, because the place was formerly called Schrako, Schrakow, Srako (Sracow) . And the Schrake was called: Srake, Ssrake, Szrake, Schrakel-Fliess. In Slavic it is called Krebsort, from Rak = cancer, Srakow = with cancer. The name was also derived from Sroka ( magpie) , Old Sorbian: Srokov . While the pastor and linguist Christian Wilhelm Bronisch , who worked in Groß-Mehßow from 1815 to 1825, still referred to the Schrake as a mill flow in the church book around 1820 , it is already shown in the Prussian first recording (1846) as the Srake .
Barrier regulation
By necessary for agriculture land improvement and the lignite mine of original old Bach course of Schrake has been in the 20th century almost completely destroyed.
The Schrake experienced numerous straightening and, especially in the Schrakau- Radensdorf area, considerable changes. The most extensive amelioration work, however, took place in 1981/82 after the KAP (Cooperative Plant Production Department), an amalgamation of several LPG and VEG in the GDR, had now also established itself in the local region and the aim was to intensify field management. In addition to newly dug drainage ditches to drain the fields, streams were also straightened or even completely re-laid. In addition, the former mill property was separated from the water by relocating the barrier here as well. With this measure, the purely private property no longer needed to be entered for cleaning and repair work.
With the opening of the Seese-West opencast mine , the Schrake was first diverted from Zinnitz to Wudritz from 1963 to 1967 . When the Schlabendorf-Süd opencast mine was re-opened (1976/77), it was moved south past Mallenchen to the Dobra. Their old stream bed over Gliechow, Zinnitz, Tornow and Lichtenau became a victim of the lignite mining. This shortened the original course of the stream from 18.8 km to 11.3 km.
Economical meaning
The Schrake was once the most important mill stream in its catchment area for centuries, because it drove a total of 11 water mills in its old, 18.8 km long course from the Babbener springs to the former confluence with the Dobra, between Lichtenau and Hänchen :
- Schrakauer Mühle (Schrakau)
- Radensdorfer Mühle (Radensdorf)
- Klein-Mühle (Groß-Mehßow)
- Groß-Mühle (Groß-Mehßow)
- Heath Mill (Tugam)
- Mallenchener Mühle (Mallenchen)
- Gliechower Mühle (Gliechow)
- Buschmühle (Zinnitz)
- Kuba mill (Zinnitz)
- Dubitz mill (Zinnitz)
- Lichtenauer mill (Lichtenau)
Ursula reason
The Ursulagrund is a piece of forest in the Schrake brook valley, between Babben and neighboring Schrakau . There is a hiking trail here that crosses the Schrake, which meanders through the lowland, by means of several wooden bridges. The valley was named in memory of Gertrud Therese Ursula Wätjen (born Dietze, 1864–1899), the first wife of the former owner of the Drehna castle, Johann Carl von Wätjen (1858–1928). He inherited the castle in 1887 after the death of his father, the Bremen shipowner Christian Heinrich Wätjen (1813–1887). The nature lover Ursula Wätjen had taken the creek not far from Babben into her heart. She died in 1899 giving birth to her son Klaus Wilhelm .
Carl von Wätjen had an honorary grove laid out here in 1898 and a monument erected in honor of his brother-in-law Hans von Dietze. Wätjens son Klaus Wilhelm died in France in 1918 during the First World War . That is why there are two large memorial stones with wooden crosses in the Ursulagrund. One plaque commemorates Klaus Wilhelm von Wätjen, the other one to Carl von Wätjen. The wooden cross of the monument was renewed in 2002, according to the local homeland association.
literature
- Rainer Kamenz: Mehßower historical encyclopedia - the history of the Mehßower landscape and its villages. 2019.
- Manfred Woitzik: “First come - first served” a cultural history of mills in the Elbe-Elster district . Ed .: Cultural Office of the Elbe-Elster District. Herzberg 2000, OCLC 915832204 , p. 138 .
Web links
Footnotes and individual references
- ↑ How the Ursulagrund got its name . In: Lausitzer Rundschau . January 18, 2013
- ↑ a b Steffen Vogel: In the footsteps of Ursula von Wätjen . In: Lausitzer Rundschau. January 22, 2013.
- ^ Author collective of the MUG Brandenburg eV: Heimatbuch Landkreis Elbe-Elster . Herzberg 1996, p. 98 .
- ↑ Timeline for the history of Babben on the homepage of the Babbener Heimatverein, accessed on July 22, 2017