Schrakau

Schrakau Žrakow City of Calau
Coordinates: 51 ° 42 ′ 55 "  N , 13 ° 49 ′ 22"  E
Height :	102 m above sea level NHN
Residents :	38  (Jun 1, 2020)
Incorporation :	July 1, 1950
Incorporated into:	Craupe
Postal code :	03205
Area code :	035435

Schrakau (until February 24, 2002 Schrackau ), Žrakow in Lower Sorbian , is part of Craupe , a district of the southern Brandenburg town of Calau in the west of the Oberspreewald-Lausitz district . Schrakau belongs to the parish of Groß Mehßow.

location

Schrakau is located in Niederlausitz in the Niederlausitzer Landücken nature park . To the north of the village, the Calau district of Groß Mehßow borders with its municipality of Klein Mehßow . Further north follows the town of Tugam , which is already in the district of Dahme-Spreewald . In the west, Schrakau borders Babben ( Elbe-Elster district ). In the east are the places Radensdorf and Craupe. Gollmitz is located in the southeast .

The Schrake stream flows through the northern part of the village . The Schrake rises in Babben, where there are several springs, meanders through the Ursulagrund, an attractive forest area between Babben and Schrakau, and finally reaches Schrakau itself. In the Schrake valley (95 m above sea level) there are 6 settlements today, including the former water mill. Most of the place is on a southern hill (100 m above sea level). The fields are mountainous, sandy and not very fertile.

history

Local history

In the church register Groß-Mehßow Schrackau is recorded on June 11, 1599 by Pastor Andreas Ruben as Sacro (as heard, so written) (upper part of the picture). On April 27, 1600, he then wrote it correctly as Sraco (below).

Schrakau was first mentioned on December 14, 1570 as Schragko . An entry in the feudal register was made on August 26, 1576 as Schrackau (feudal book III, sheet 138). Schrakau belonged to the Drehna rule from at least 1570 until the middle of the 19th century .

The place name can be associated with the Lower Sorbian word Sroka , which means Elster , and was Srokov in Old Sorbian . In the 17th century, the place was called Sraco , Schrako and in 1761 Sracke . Lower Sorbian name forms Srakow and Zrakow were mentioned in 1761 and 1843. The spelling often varied because there was no fixed spelling in earlier centuries. Often times one wrote down how one heard it. Arnošt Muka suspects in building blocks for the local history of the Luckauer Kreis that the newer Lower Sorbian name form is based on the German sound and should be called Srokow .

Schrakau 2017.

Because of the less fertile fields, the inhabitants of Schrakau lived in poor conditions. According to legend, they were known to be heavy drinkers of brandy.

Schrakau has been a pure farming village since time immemorial, which was subject to the lordship in Drehna. In 1708 7 farms and 2 gardeners' properties are recorded - a total of 17 residents between the ages of 12 and 60 years. The agrarian reform in the 19th century names 4 whole farmers, 6 three-quarter farmers and the mill owner. In 1818 there were 64 people living in 11 houses. Schrakau reached the highest number of inhabitants in 1871 with 110. The estimate (tax receipts) amounted to 520 guilders in 1718. Schrakau has had a village seal since 1838.

The court affiliation was to the Herrschaftsgericht Drehna until 1849, from 1850 to 1878 Finsterwalde District Court Commission, from 1879 to 1951 Luckau District Court, then Cottbus District Court.

Schrakau town center 2017.

As a result of the Congress of Vienna in 1815, Schrakau came with the entire Lower Lusatia to the Kingdom of Prussia and belonged to the Luckau district . Schrakau was incorporated into Craupe together with Radensdorf on July 1, 1950. Since 1952 Schrakau has belonged to the newly founded district of Calau . In the 1970s, a waterworks was built on the basis of plans for the development of the Schabendorf-Süd opencast mine in Schrakau. The place belongs to the church district Niederlausitz . On December 31, 2001 Craupe was incorporated into the town of Calau with its parts of the community and the towns of Buckow , Gollmitz , Groß Jehser and Zinnitz .

The mill

The first written evidence of the Schrakauer Mühle is in the church book of Groß Mehßow: ... the miller of Sacro ...

In Schrakau the terrain conditions and the water flow of the Schrake were already quite favorable, and by creating a small pond, a mill could already be operated. It is the first of several mills in the Schrake flow area. Since Schrakau and Babben belonged to the rulership of Fürstlich Drehna (Schrakau only ecclesiastically to Groß Mehßow), the small mill also supplied Babben in addition to Schrakau, although Babben owned a windmill.

Schrakau waterworks 2017.

The mill had a backlog of more than two meters. The last overshot waterwheel had a diameter of 4.20 m and was destroyed by flooding in 1939. Then an electric motor was bought and used as a drive. At last the mill had two stone entrances and a roller mill. It was equipped with rather modest technology. As far as we know today, only flour and meal were produced there, and there was no oil mill or sawmill.

The oldest cartographic evidence of the Schrakauer Mühle can be found in the map of Peter Schenk from 1757, although it is much older, as a church book entry from 1599 shows (picture): On November 2, 1599 Martin Starick (Radensdorf) was baptized. Mattheus, the miller of Sacro (Sraco) is also mentioned as godfather . In 1863 the mill was completely rebuilt after a major fire. The last owner was Max Kasprick, who gave up the business in 1951.

Population development

Population development in Schrakau from 1875 to 2010
year	Residents	year	Residents
1875	99	1890	86
1910	87	1925	76
1933	76	1939	71
1946	103	2010	39

Culture and sights

The Lower Lusatian mining tour cycle path leads through the village.

Economy and Infrastructure

Federal Autobahn 13 runs east of Schrakau .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Information from the residents' registration office of the city of Calau from June 18, 2020.
2. ↑ Community and district directory of the state of Brandenburg. Land surveying and geographic base information Brandenburg (LGB), accessed on June 17, 2020.
3. ↑ Municipalities 1994 and their changes since January 1, 1948 in the new federal states , Metzler-Poeschel publishing house, Stuttgart, 1995, ISBN 3-8246-0321-7 , publisher: Federal Statistical Office
4. ↑ StBA Area: changes from 01.01. until December 31, 2001
5. ↑ Brandenburg Statistics (PDF)

literature

• Ernst Eichler : The place names of Niederlausitz . Domowina-Verlag, Bautzen 1975.
• Rainer Kamenz: The Groß-Mehßower parish - the Groß- and Klein-Mehßower village chronicle . 2016.

Web links

Commons : Schrakau  - Collection of Images

• Homepage of the city of Calau - representation of the district Craupe with the community part Schrakau , accessed on November 30, 2009