Gollmitz (Calau)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
City of Calau
Coordinates: 51 ° 42 ′ 11 ″  N , 13 ° 52 ′ 35 ″  E
Height : 119 m above sea level NHN
Area : 20.13 km²
Residents : 172  (Jun. 1, 2020)
Population density : 9 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : December 31, 2001
Postal code : 03205
Area code : 035435

Gollmitz , Chańc in Lower Sorbian , is a district of the city of Calau in the Oberspreewald-Lausitz district in southern Brandenburg .

geography

Gollmitz is located in Niederlausitz in the Niederlausitzer Landücken nature park northwest of the Lausitz border wall . To the north-west of the village lies the Calau district of Craupe with Schrakau and Radensdorf, and to the northeast, Kemmen with Schadewitz and Säritz . The town of Calau is situated further to the northeast. To the east follows the Gollmitzer district of Settinchen . The municipality of Bronkow is to the southeast and the municipality of Rutzkau to the south . In the southwest is the town of Finsterwalde , which belongs to the Elbe-Elster district.

history

Local history

The place was created as a Wendish Rundling . The place name is derived from the Old Slavic cholm , which means hill or mountain. The 157.9 meter high Brautberg in the Lausitzer Grenzwall is meant by this hill. It is believed that in Slavic times - before the Germans in the 11th / 12th Century began to settle in Gollmitz - on the Brautberg there was a sanctuary for the Slavic goddess Schiwa.

The place was first mentioned in 1566 in the Luckau copy of the Prague governor's archives as a Gollmitz estate belonging to the Drehna Palace and Estate . In the course of the following years, the estate developed into inherited property under multiple changes of noble rule, who often had to sell the estate for financial reasons. Tied to their landlord , the rural population in Gollmitz did not have an easy life either.

Gollmitz has experienced two major growth spurts. The first dates back to the middle of the 19th century, when the number of the population gradually increased. There was an upturn in particular at the time of the completion of the railway line. There was work in the local blacksmith's shop, windmill and brickyard. Between the First and the Second World War there was another expansion of the village, which was accompanied by a real construction boom.

On December 31, 2001, Gollmitz was incorporated into the town of Calau together with Buckow , Craupe, Groß Jehser and Zinnitz . Until 1952 Gollmitz belonged to the district of Luckau , then to Calau and since the district reform in Brandenburg in 1993 to the district of Oberspreewald-Lausitz.

Myths and legends

According to the local legend, every bride had to perform a dance around the Gollmitzer hill in honor of the goddess Schiwa before the wedding; hence its name Brautberg .

According to a legend, in the course of Christianization , which was started by the German settlers , the devil is said to have used the Brautberg as a dropping point for stone projectiles in order to destroy the church towers of Calau and Buckow. Due to insufficient strength, however, he missed his goals: This is how this legend explains the existence of the so-called devil's stones, which can be found as mighty boulders scattered in the surrounding forests near Kemmen, Schadewitz and Mallenchen .

Population development

Population development in Gollmitz from 1875 to 2000
year Residents year Residents year Residents year Residents year Residents year Residents
1875 225 1933 333 1964 404 1989 270 1993 253 1997 254
1890 245 1939 438 1971 394 1990 260 1994 246 1998 251
1910 259 1946 433 1981 293 1991 250 1995 252 1999 232
1925 278 1950 452 1985 285 1992 255 1996 252 2000 240

Culture and sights

Gollmitz - village church in winter 2007.

The Gollmitzer village church is one of the architectural monuments in Calau . The nave is a medieval boulder building made of hewn field stones. In 1901 a brick tower in neo-Gothic style was added. The pulpit and the altar were created by the Calau artist and carpenter Georg Wolschke in 1704 on behalf of the hereditary and liege mistress Maria Möller, who donated both to the church.

Economy and Infrastructure

The place has a category 6 train station and is west of the federal highway 13 . With the construction of the railway line from Cottbus to Falkenberg / Elster in 1871, which was later extended to the Halle – Cottbus railway line , a sawmill and a dairy were established in Gollmitz, which have since ceased operations. Today there is only one metal construction company left in town.

Web links

Commons : Gollmitz  - Collection of Images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Information from the residents' registration office of the city of Calau from June 18, 2020. Without Settinchen (30 residents).
  2. ↑ a b c d e Christian Dienel and others: Chronicle of the community of Gollmitz. Heimatverein Gollmitz, Vol. 1 (2000) and Vol. 2 (2003/2004).
  3. ↑ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 2001
  4. ↑ Brandenburg Statistics (PDF)
  5. ↑ Gollmitz on calau.de