Verkhov

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City of Calau
Coordinates: 51 ° 43 ′ 33 ″  N , 13 ° 57 ′ 21 ″  E
Height : 90 m above sea level NHN
Area : 12.81 km²
Residents : 438  (Jun 1, 2020)
Population density : 34 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : October 26, 2003
Postal code : 03205
Area code : 03541

Werchow , Wjerchownja in Lower Sorbian , is a district of the city of Calau in the northern part of the Oberspreewald-Lausitz district in southern Brandenburg . Until it was incorporated into Calau on October 26, 2003, Werchow was an independent municipality.

location

Werchow is located in Niederlausitz in the Niederlausitzer Landücken nature park . The place is surrounded by the Cabeler and Werchow mountains . To the north lies the city of Calau and the municipality of Plieskendorf . In the east follow the districts of the city of Vetschau / Spreewald Ogrosen and Gahlen . To the south there are places and residential areas of the municipality of Luckaitztal such as Gielow , Weißag , Zwietow and Gosda as well as the Werchow part of the municipality Cabel . To the west of Werchow is the Calau district of Kemmen .

history

In the district of the place could archaeologists ensure settlement tracks into the recent excavations Stone Age could be dated. Verkhov was first mentioned in a document on November 5, 1527. The place name means the place above and is derived from the Lower Sorbian word Wjerch hill . The city gives the translation Aue vor der Höhe in a brochure . The Lower Sorbian form of the name was expanded with the suffix -nja , which denotes a place. The Sorbian forms of the name Wėrchownej and Weŕchowna were mentioned in 1761 and 1843. Because of its location, Werchow is also known as the gateway to Calau Switzerland . A church path led through the village, via which the inhabitants of the surrounding villages got to the church in Calau.

After the Congress of Vienna , Werchow came with the entire Lower Lusatia to the Kingdom of Prussia and belonged to the district of Calau . At that time, the Mende brothers ran a small cloth factory in the village, which closed in the middle of the 19th century. In 1830 lignite was found in the Werchow vineyard . This led to the fact that the first lignite mine, Grube Marie, opened on the site of the former cloth factory in 1851 . A year later it was supplemented by the Emilie mine near Werchow and the Margarete I mine in 1867 . Another three lignite mines opened and operated until 1904. In 1861 four of seven steam engines registered in the then district were in Werchow. Two were in steam mills and two in the cloth mill. In 1905 a school opened that is used by a daycare center in the 21st century.

After the Second World War , Werchow belonged to the Calau district, which was newly founded in 1952 . On January 1, 1957, Cabel and on July 15, 1965 Plieskendorf were incorporated into Werchow. The Settinchen belonging to Cabel was reclassified to Gollmitz on January 1, 1957. Werchow belongs to the Lower Lusatia church district . On October 26, 2003 Werchow with its parts of the municipality and the places Mlode , Groß Mehßow , Kemmen , Bolschwitz and Saßleben was incorporated into the city of Calau.

Population development

Population development in Werchow from 1875 to 2002
year Residents year Residents year Residents year Residents year Residents year Residents year Residents
1875 490 1933 530 1964 626 1989 488 1993 527 1997 662 2001 698
1890 438 1939 464 1971 700 1990 488 1994 567 1998 663 2002 699
1910 502 1946 643 1981 565 1991 508 1995 570 1999 703
1925 528 1950 653 1985 542 1992 518 1996 645 2000 703

Culture and sights

Goldborn

Economy and Infrastructure

Federal Motorway 13 runs west of Werchow . The Halle – Cottbus railway runs through the town .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Information from the residents' registration office of the city of Calau from June 18, 2020. Excluding Cabel (98 residents) and Plieskendorf (81 residents).
  2. ↑ Municipalities 1994 and their changes since January 1, 1948 in the new federal states , Metzler-Poeschel publishing house, Stuttgart, 1995, ISBN 3-8246-0321-7 , publisher: Federal Statistical Office
  3. ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 2003
  4. ↑ Brandenburg Statistics (PDF)
  5. ↑ Ministry for the Environment, Health and Consumer Protection of the State of Brandenburg (Ed.): Von Schwedenlinden, Findlingen and Rummeln - Natural Monuments in Brandenburg , 2nd updated edition, 2011, p. 98

literature

  • Ernst Eichler : The place names of Niederlausitz . VEB Domowina-Verlag, Bautzen 1975.
  • Verlag + Druck Linus Wittich KG (ed.) In editorial responsibility of the city of Calau: living together in Calau ... perfectly healthy small town with a joke , no date, p. 32

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