Craupe

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City of Calau
Craupe Coat of Arms
Coordinates: 51 ° 43 ′ 18 ″  N , 13 ° 51 ′ 28 ″  E
Height : 98 m above sea level NHN
Area : 11.65 km²
Residents : 61  (Jun 1, 2020)
Population density : 5 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : December 31, 2001
Postal code : 03205
Area code : 035435

Craupe , Kšupow in Lower Sorbian , is a district of the town of Calau in the Oberspreewald-Lausitz district in southern Brandenburg . Craupe belongs to the parish of Groß Mehßow.

geography

Craupe is located in Niederlausitz in the Niederlausitzer Landücken nature park northwest of the Lausitz border wall . To the west of Craupe are the districts of Schrakau and Radensdorf . To the northwest and north of the village lies the Calau district of Groß Mehßow with Klein Mehßow . In the northeast, Craupe borders the district of Kemmen and further to the northeast lies the town of Calau. To the southeast the place borders on Gollmitz , further away is Bronkow . The town of Finsterwalde in the southwest is already in the Elbe-Elster district .

Craupe was founded in a kind of spur location on the edge of a swampy stream (97 m above sea level), whose swamp zone ( moor ) surrounded the north and east sides of the established settlement. The brook, which rises in a headwaters located about 700 m to the east and receives water on its way through other springs, feeds the Schuche as a tributary. This in turn rises in Gollmitz and flows in a north-westerly direction to Klein-Mehßow, where it only touches the Craupe district as a border river with Radensdorf in the south-west. The place Craupe is today directly on the border to Klein-Mehßow, while its field mark extends mainly in east, west and south direction. The soil consists of dry, cultivated sand and the terrain rises in a southerly direction up to 118 m above sea level. Under the place and its surroundings, at a depth of about 45 m, there is a brown coal seam with a thickness of about 4 - 6 m.

history

Local history

The place name is derived from the Lower Sorbian word Krupow for small . On October 21, 1527 Craupe was first recorded as Kraup in the oldest Lower Lusatian fief register. Another mention comes from August 26, 1541, also as Kraup. Craupe was spelled Kraupe at times .

The lords of Polenz (1541, 1723, 1746), von Houwald (1811) and Beuchel (since 1843, 1864) were named as landowners . The last landowner was Walter Höpke until it was expropriated in 1945. In 1900 the village had a size of 86 hectares. The estate covered 525 hectares. The estate in the form of a hamlet was forested. In the 19th century there was a brick factory and a sheep farm (1864), in the 20th century a distillery, a poultry breeding facility and a pig fattening facility existed in the village.

Craupe originally belonged to the parochial church Groß Jehser until 1928 , although Craupe applied for the re-parish from Groß-Jehser to Groß-Mehßow as early as 1843, but this was not granted. The main reason for the parish was the long way the children traveled from Craupe to Groß Jehser to school, especially in winter (footpath).

In 1708, three farm properties and one farm property with a total of 8 residents between 12 and 60 years of age were named in the village of Craupe . In 1755 there were 55 inhabitants, 24 male and 31 female. In 1810 the statistics for the four previous farmsteads recorded four more cottagers . In 1818 there were 14 residential buildings with 83 inhabitants, in 1840 10 houses with 109 inhabitants and in 1864 15 houses with 119 inhabitants.

The harvest in 1755 was given as: 30,160 liters of grain, including 3510 liters of barley, 4230 liters of oats, 6700 liters of buckwheat and the rest of wheat, 572 liters of peas, 110 liters of flax, 260 liters of millet, potatoes and hops.

The court affiliation was to the Patrimonialgericht Craupe until 1849, from 1850 to 1878 District Court Commission Calau, from 1879 to 1951 District Court Calau, then District Court Cottbus.

As a result of the Congress of Vienna in 1815, Craupe came to the Kingdom of Prussia with the entire Lower Lusatia and initially still belonged to the Luckau district, but from 1836 to the Calau district .

As on 19./20. April 1945, when the Red Army of the Soviet Union entered Craupe, they found the tanks of the distillery full. Instead of letting the schnapps run out of the barrels shortly before the occupation, it stayed there and offered the opportunity to celebrate. Unrestrained alcohol consumption often determined the course of such celebrations with subsequent excesses of violence against the local population, also in Craupe.

On July 1, 1950, the current parts of the community Schrackau and Radensdorf were incorporated. On December 31, 2001 Craupe was incorporated into Calau together with Buckow , Gollmitz , Groß Jehser and Zinnitz .

Population development

Population development in Craupe from 1875 to 2000
year Residents year Residents year Residents year Residents year Residents year Residents
1875 108 1933 92 1964 266 1989 148 1993 175 1997 200
1890 96 1939 120 1971 222 1990 158 1994 176 1998 184
1910 85 1946 123 1981 171 1991 177 1995 179 1999 187
1925 102 1950 275 1985 179 1992 177 1996 189 2000 178

Web links

Commons : Craupe  - collection of images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Information from the residents' registration office of the city of Calau from June 18, 2020. Excluding Radensdorf (35 residents) and Schrakau (38 residents).
  2. ↑ Homagial Book I, sheet 20a
  3. ↑ Rudolf Lehmann: Sources for the history of Niederlausitz
  4. ↑ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Municipalities 1994 and their changes since 01.01.1948 in the new federal states , Metzler-Poeschel publishing house, Stuttgart, 1995, ISBN 3-8246-0321-7
  5. ↑ StBA Area: changes from 01.01. until December 31, 2001
  6. ↑ Brandenburg Statistics (PDF)