Babben

Babben Municipality mass Niederlausitz
	Coordinates: 51 ° 42 ′ 44 " N , 13 ° 47 ′ 7" E
Height :	122 m above sea level NHN
Residents :	111 (December 31, 2006)
Incorporation :	December 31, 1997
Postal code :	03246
Area code :	035324
Location of Babben in Brandenburg

Babben ( Lower Sorbian Babin ) is a district of the municipality of Massen-Niederlausitz in the southern Brandenburg district of Elbe-Elster . It is located in the 580 km² area of the Niederlausitzer Landücken nature park in Niederlausitz on the district road 6229 .

The town, located about eleven kilometers northwest of Finsterwalde and five kilometers south of Fürstlich Drehna , belongs to the Kleine Elster (Niederlausitz) district .

geography

Logo of the Niederlausitzer Landücken Nature Park

Babben is located in the 580 km² area of the company founded in 1997 nature parks of Lower Landrücken in the Lower Lausitz . The village lies on a small mountain slope in a terminal moraine landscape on the Lausitz border wall . The soil, including the cultivated arable land, consists only of low-productivity sand. The district consists mainly of forest (1230 ha ) and a small amount of arable and meadow areas (315 ha). In the area around the town there was or is a large lawn iron stone warehouse on an area of about 1 hectare with a thickness of 2.50 to 3.10 meters.

Surrounding villages

Babben is located south of the Tannenbusch nature reserve and Groß Mehßow pond landscape . Surrounding villages are the district of Fürstlich Drehna in the north, which belongs to the city of Luckau in the district of Dahme-Spreewald , the districts of Groß Mehßow in the north-east , which belong to the city of Calau in the district of Oberspreewald-Lausitz, and Schrakau and Radensdorf in the east, which is also in the district of Oberspreewald-Lausitz Municipality of Bronkow belonging to the municipality of Rutzkau in the southeast, Rehain and Lindthal in the south, Massen with the residential area Tanneberg and the district of Breitenau belonging to the city of Sonnewalde in the southwest, the district of Bahren in the west, which also belongs to Sonnewalde, and Gahro and Crinitz in the northwest.

Traffic situation

Babben, village street with church

Babben is on Kreisstraße 6229 . This road connects the place with Schrakau and finally via the county road 6625 with the city of Calau . The nearest high-ranking roads are the state roads 56, 61 and 553. The federal road 96 is ten kilometers in the direction of Berlin and just under twelve kilometers in the direction of Großräschen and Senftenberg . The federal motorway 13 ( Berlin - Dresden ) runs almost seven kilometers east of the village, the nearest motorway junctions Calau and Bronkow are both 14 kilometers away from Babben.

The Halle – Cottbus railway runs through the southern part of the Babbens district. The next train stations are in Gollmitz and Finsterwalde .

history

Early history, the establishment of a place and the Middle Ages

Two archaeological finds from the younger Stone Age (around 3000 to 1700 BC) show that the Babben area was already committed in this period. A burial mound from the Middle Bronze Age (around 1500 BC) indicates an early settlement in the area of today's Babben. A stick dam , which was discovered during the construction of the aqueduct at a depth of 1.5 m, comes from the late Slavic / early German period around the year 1000. Probably in the 13th / 14th centuries. The first German settlement took place in the 19th century with the establishment of a village. Numerous ceramic shards from this period found east of the church support this assumption.

Babben was on one of the two major Pechofenstrasse in the region. It ran via Drehna and Gahro to Weißack . There is said to have been a bad luck hut not far from Drehna that belonged to the Drehna class . During excavations in Babben in 1985, traces of a pitch furnace were found . The furnace ceramics found indicate a furnace that dates from around 1000 to 1200 and was probably connected to the Drehna pitch furnace.

First mention

The first written mention of Babben, which was settled as a round village , can be found in the former Lübben State Archives, under the rule of Sonnewalde on May 27, 1504. The place name is of Sorbian origin and means something like "Indian settlement", derived from the word "Baba" for grandmother .

Babben has belonged to the Drehna rulership since ancient times . From a loan deed dated December 14, 1570 it emerges that the Knights of Minckwitz with castle and estate Fürstlich Drehna including Vorwerk (19 Hufen) and the villages Drehna, Bergen, Presenchen , Tugam , Schrackau , Babben (with Vorwerk and 9 Hufen) and Gollmitz were enfeoffed.

In a lease notice about the use of the property in Drehna from 1636 the villages Drehna, Bergen, Presehnchen, Tugam, Schrackau, Babben, Groß Bahren and Klein Bahren are given.

Babben in the 18th and 19th centuries

Babben and Schrakau. Excerpt from the Crinitz original table sheet, 1847.

In the year 1708 there were 5 farms and 2 gardeners ( kossaten ) in Babben , 10 people between the ages of 12 and 60 years. Over a hundred years later, in 1818, there were 23 campfire sites (apartments, partly also houses) with 125 inhabitants. In 1818 and 1840 the windmill, a sheep farm and a forester's house were mentioned. The village of Babben had a school whose schoolhouse was renovated in 1888. Medical care was provided in the 19th century in the neighboring towns and by a surgeon in Fürstlich Drehna (1856). There were midwives in Fürstlich Drehna and Schrakau (1856).

Babben owned a farm that also belonged to the Drehna estate (later Fürstlich Drehna). Its size in 1856 was 1442 ha, of which 1230 ha were forest, 154 ha arable and 2.5 ha meadow. The size of the farm land (number: 18) was ha 158 The district size comprised a total of 1652 ha Due to the large forest stand with.. Heather one operational Heath beekeeping (1856). The landlord also had the farmers of the villages obliged to do forest work in Babben in winter, which enabled them to earn a little additional income. Later in the 19th century there were 28 houses with almost 150 inhabitants in Babben. The place was insured by fire insurance for 8,475 thalers . There were 37 oxen , 27 cows and 35 pigs in the village .

Babbener fish farm

In Babben is the headwaters of the Schrake stream with several springs in which groundwater comes to the surface from the heights of the Lusatian border wall . The springs were probably the reason why the first settlers settled here. There is talk of a large village before the Thirty Years War , but also of forest workers who built their accommodation here. An original table from 1847 shows that five ponds were created for fish farming and water storage. The Babben ponds, as well as those in Pademack , were used by the rulership of Fürstlich Drehna to raise carp (spawning and stretching ponds ). While the young carp grew up to become table carp in the ponds of the rulership in Fürstlich Drehna (brick pond), Tugam (brasen and sand pond) and Wanninchen (large pond). The carp not only served the rulers' self-sufficiency, but were also sold as far as Berlin .

The Schrake brook, which rises in Babben, did not produce a water mill . For this reason, a windmill built north of the village was used for a time , which could be proven several times between the years 1818 and 1867. The Schrake stream meanders through the Babbener Ursulagrund to the east to the village of Schrackau, which is also part of the Fürstlich Drehna estate. A water mill could already be operated here, which in addition to Schrakau also supplied Babben.

Murder hunt in the Babben forest

Wanted poster on Johann Gottlob Henschel in the Royal Prussian Central Police Journal , 1863

In the middle of the 19th century, the Babbener linen weaver and day laborer Johann Gottlob Henschel caused a sensation. Henschel, who had several criminal records, shot his wife because she was unfaithful to him. The murder is said to have occurred on December 30, 1862. Henschel was originally in custody in Luckau , but escaped in the spring of 1863 and has been on the run ever since.

According to tradition, the fugitives were hunted afterwards. The profile , which was published in the Royal Prussian Central Police Journal in January 1863 , described Henschel as armed with a double-barreled shotgun and extremely dangerous. It was also reported that he was walking with false beards and in disguise. The then 32-year-old was spotted repeatedly in Babben and the surrounding area. As a reward for his capture, 100 thalers were offered .

The Prussian government finally felt compelled to send the 62-man strong Jäger Battalion No. 3 from Lübben to Babben to arrest Henschel. Before this happened, the criminal who was in a hopeless situation shot himself. In the meantime he was hiding in a cave in the Babben forest. He made a living by stealing.

Modern times

During the First World War , the Babben community had to mourn six dead. The Vorwerk, which at that time had 29 inhabitants, finally became part of the municipality in 1928. From 1937 the place belonged to the parish of Luckau .

During the Second World War there were thirteen dead among the population . Shortly before the end of the war, an air raid on Babben took place on April 20, 1945 , which resulted in one death and 20 injured. The Red Army entered the town on the same day . Also in April 1945 there was an extensive forest fire in the Babbener Forest , in which around 800 hectares of forest were destroyed.

After the establishment of the German Democratic Republic in October 1949, the Babben school closed in 1950. In the following period there were improvements to the Babbener infrastructure. In June 1954, the Babbener Waldbad was opened east of the village. A kindergarten was opened three years later and lasted until 1975. In 1964 a mourning hall was built in the cemetery and in 1968 construction work began on a community office. Further improvements were the construction of a foil fire pond in 1975 and the connection of the place to the central drinking water network in 1981 .

In 1957 Kurt Krengel was appointed mayor of Babben, who remained in office for 32 years. Maria Schallhorn (1990), Maria Mattuschka (1994) and Rudi Hoigk (1998) did not follow him until after the fall of the Wall . Since it was incorporated into Massen-Niederlausitz in 1997, Babben has had a local mayor .

Population development

Population development in Babben from 1875 to 1996
year	Residents	year	Residents	year	Residents
1875	205	1939	117	1981	119
1890	173	1946	157	1985	124
1910	144	1950	152	1989	117
1925	139	1964	123	1992	115
1933	128	1971	132	1996	117

politics

Administrative affiliation

The court affiliation was until 1849 to the ruling court Fürstlich Drehna, which exercised police power on behalf of the state government. From 1850 to 1878 the Finsterwalde district court commission was responsible, from 1879 to 1951 the Luckau district court , then the Cottbus district court . Babben belonged to the district of Luckau with the rulership of Fürstlich Drehna . With the territorial reform carried out in the GDR in 1952, Babben came to the newly founded Finsterwalde district and Drehna (Fürstlich Drehna) remained as the southernmost village in the Luckau district .

After the reunification , Babben was initially in the Finsterwalde district in Brandenburg, where the municipality joined the Kleine Elster office on July 21, 1992 . After the district reform in Brandenburg on December 6, 1993 , the Babben community was assigned to the newly founded Elbe-Elster district . On December 31, 1997, Babben was merged with the previously independent communities of Betten , Lindthal and Massen to form the new community of Massen-Niederlausitz .

District representation

Since the merger of Babben with the surrounding villages of Betten, Lindthal and Massen on December 31, 1997, the place has been part of the community of Massen-Niederlausitz. Other parts of the community are Gröbitz and Ponnsdorf. According to the main statute of the community, Babben is represented by the mayor , who is directly elected.

The head of the village in Babben is currently (2017) Maria-Angela Matuschka.

Culture and sights

Leisure and Tourism

Babben has had a lively club life. The hometown club Babben was founded in December 1994. Its aim is to cultivate natural, historical and cultural characteristics of the homeland and to combine the traditional with the new and to develop them further. In addition, its members deal with the preservation and care of the site as well as the preservation of monuments .

The history of the local volunteer fire brigade is rich in tradition . Its founding date is December 3, 1928. It was accepted into the Brandenburg Provincial Fire Brigade Association in July 1933. The local fire brigade Babben is now part of the volunteer fire brigade "Amt Kleine Elster (Niederlausitz)". There is a fire station in the village , which was built in 1960.

Another club in Babben is the BSV Grün-Weiß Finsterwalde , which is present with its archery section . The club's archery range is located in the Babbener Forest and serves as a training and competition venue. The section's clubhouse is also located on the site.

To the east of the Babben location is the Babben forest pool by the Schrake stream . The forest pool was declared a local recreation area in 1968 . There is a restaurant and a campsite on the site .

The annual highlight in Babben is the traditional village festival, which has existed since the 1970s and which takes place on the last weekend in June.

Buildings and monuments

Babben village church

Babben has a built 1,733 village church , a daughter church of the church is Drehna. It is not known whether there was a previous building. Only the bell that is still present today bears the year 1481, which would indicate an older church. But it can also come from another church that received a new bell.

Today's listed church building is a simple rectangular plastered hall building made of brick with a three-sided east end. In the west there is a wooden roof tower. The interior is shaped by a former horseshoe gallery, which has since been shortened. Here you can find a pulpit altar from the time it was made, as well as three carved figures from the 15th century. The organ in the church dates from around 1850 and was built by the Sonnewald master organ builder Johann Christoph Schröther (1774-1859). It has a mechanical drawer , a manual and five stops . The church is now a listed building .

Today the parish of Babben belongs to the Evangelical Church Berlin-Brandenburg-Silesian Upper Lusatia .

Forsthaus Babben (2017)

Another listed building ensemble in the village is the Babbener Forsthaus. The main building is dated to the year 1880. The massive single-storey brick building has a gable roof , with the roof structure being built in half-timbered construction. The stables and outbuildings as well as the horse troughs on the property, which, like the main house, date from around 1880, are also under monument protection.

A memorial to the villagers who died in World War II was erected in Babben . The monument consists of a wooden cross with a stone base. A commemorative plaque with the names of 13 fallen soldiers is set in the stone base.

Babben Forest

Cone harvest in the Babben Forest (1987)

The area around Babben has been very wooded since time immemorial and the place is surrounded by the Babben Forest , often also called Babben Heide . The Babben forest district is now part of the Altdöbern forest district . It covers a forest area of 5,500 hectares, which is located in the districts of Massen, Lindthal, Tanneberg and Babben.

In the Babben forest there was a plant for the production of seeds . During the GDR era it was one of the oldest and most productive plantations for harvesting coniferous cones in the Finsterwalde district.

The Babben Forest is also considered a traditional habitat for the capercaillie . A courtship court was once located south of Babben. In 1891 four roosters and ten hens were counted in the district. The last sighting of capercaillies before the fall of the Wall is known from April 10, 1985. More recently attempts have been made to reintroduce the animals here by means of trapping campaigns in Sweden .

Ursula reason

Ursulagrund memorial for Carl von Wätjen

The Babbener Ursulagrund is a forest in the Schrake brook valley, between Babben and the neighboring Schrakau. There is a hiking trail here that crosses the Schrake, which meanders through the lowland, by means of several wooden bridges. The valley was named in memory of Gertrud Therese Ursula Wätjen (born Dietze, 1864–1899), the first wife of the former owner of the Drehna castle, Johann Carl von Wätjen (1858–1928). He inherited the castle in 1887 after the death of his father, the Bremen shipowner Christian Heinrich Wätjen (1813–1887). The nature lover Ursula Wätjen had taken the creek not far from Babben into her heart. She died in 1899 giving birth to her son Klaus Wilhelm .

Carl von Wätjen had an honorary grove laid out here in 1898 and a monument erected in honor of his brother-in-law Hans von Dietze. Wätjens son Klaus Wilhelm died in France in 1918 during the First World War . That is why there are two large memorial stones with wooden crosses in the Ursulagrund. One plaque commemorates Klaus Wilhelm von Wätjen, the other one to Carl von Wätjen. The wooden cross of the monument was renewed in 2002, according to the local homeland association.

Web links

Commons : Babben - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Babben on the side of the Kleine Elster (Niederlausitz) office
Homeland Association Babben

Footnotes and individual references

↑ Community and district directory. In: geobasis-bb.de. Land surveying and geographic base information Brandenburg, accessed on July 18, 2017 .
↑ Berlin and the Mark Brandenburg with the Markgrafthum Niederlausitz. W. Riehl, J. Scheu. 1861.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k Timeline of the history of Babben on the homepage of the Babbener Heimatverein, accessed on July 22, 2017
^ Association of friends for the promotion of the local publication "Finsterwalder Heimatkalender" (Ed.): The pitch huts in the region around Finsterwalde . 2008, p. 14–16 (special issue on the Finsterwalder home calendar).
^ ^A ^b ^c ^d ^e Author collective of the MUG Brandenburg eV: Heimatbuch Landkreis Elbe-Elster . Herzberg 1996, p. 98 .
↑ Reinhard E. Fischer : The place names of the states of Brandenburg and Berlin . be.bra Wissenschaft, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-937233-30-X , p. 20 .
↑ Arnost Muka: Serbski zemjepisny słowničk. Budyšin, 1927, p. 91 ( digitized version ).
↑ Manfred Starosta: Dolnoserbski-nimske słowniki. German-Lower Sorbian dictionary, accessed on May 11, 2018 .
^ ^A ^b ^c Friedrich August Schumann: Complete State, Post and Newspaper Lexicon of Saxony . tape 14 , 1827.
↑ Manfred Woitzik: "First come - first serve" a cultural history of mills in the Elbe-Elster district . Ed .: Cultural Office of the Elbe-Elster District. Herzberg 2000, OCLC 915832204 , p. 138 .
↑ ^a ^b A robber hunt on Brandenburg soil. In: The bell. 1863, p. 126.
↑ ^a ^b Rainer Ernst: Henschel's Hede. In: Lausitzer Rundschau. October 9, 2004.
^ Hentschel's profile in the Royal Prussian Central Police Journal of January 7, 1863
↑ Historical municipality register of the state of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005. (PDF; 331 kB) District Elbe-Elster. State Office for Data Processing and Statistics State of Brandenburg, December 2006, accessed on July 18, 2017 .
^ Statutes of the community of Massen-Niederlausitz. (PDF) Municipality of Massen-Niederlausitz, accessed on July 23, 2017 .
↑ List of the mayors of the Kleine Elster (Niederlausitz) office on the official website. Amt Kleine Elster (Niederlausitz), accessed on July 23, 2017 .
↑ As of July 23, 2017.
↑ ^a ^b Description and tasks of the Babbener Heimatverein on its homepage, accessed on July 23, 2017
↑ Chronology of Babbener firefighters on the website of the local heritage association, accessed on July 23, 2017
^ The Babben local police on the homepage of the volunteer fire brigade "Amt Kleine Elster (Niederlausitz)", accessed on July 23, 2017
↑ The archery section on the BSV Grün-Weiß Finsterwalde homepage , accessed on July 23, 2017
↑ Torsten Pötzsch: The forest pool as a pound with which one can proliferate. In: Lausitzer Rundschau. June 19, 2003.
^ Georg Dehio: Handbook of German Art Monuments - Brandenburg . 2nd Edition. 2012, ISBN 978-3-422-03123-4 , pp. 30 .
↑ Cultural Office of the Elbe-Elster district, Bad Liebenwerda district museum, Sparkasse Elbe-Elster (ed.): Orgellandschaft Elbe-Elster . Herzberg / Elster 2005, p. 60 .
↑ ^a ^b ^c List of monuments of the state of Brandenburg: Elbe-Elster district (PDF) Brandenburg State Office for Monument Preservation and State Archaeological Museum.
↑ Elke Lang: Baroque splendor and simple beauty. Organs in Brandenburg . Culturcon-Medien, Berlin 2014, ISBN 978-3-941092-35-8 , pp. 150 + 177 .
↑ Uwe Pape (Ed.): Lexicon of North German Organ Builders . tape 2 : Saxony and the surrounding area . Pape Verlag, Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-921140-92-5 , pp. 355 .
↑ The Babbener Memorial Monument on the homepage of the online project Fallen Memorials , accessed on July 22, 2017
↑ The oldest trees are 156 years old and are in the Ursula-Grund. In: Lausitzer Rundschau. September 14, 2007.
↑ Species protection program Auerhahn , Potsdam 2002, p. 16. (PDF file)
↑ How the Ursulagrund got its name . In: Lausitzer Rundschau . January 18, 2013
↑ ^a ^b Steffen Vogel: In the footsteps of Ursula von Wätjen . In: Lausitzer Rundschau. January 22, 2013.

[1] Community and district directory. In: geobasis-bb.de. Land surveying and geographic base information Brandenburg, accessed on July 18, 2017 .

[2] Berlin and the Mark Brandenburg with the Markgrafthum Niederlausitz. W. Riehl, J. Scheu. 1861.

[HV-3] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k Timeline of the history of Babben on the homepage of the Babbener Heimatverein, accessed on July 22, 2017

[FHK_2008-4] Association of friends for the promotion of the local publication "Finsterwalder Heimatkalender" (Ed.): The pitch huts in the region around Finsterwalde . 2008, p. 14–16 (special issue on the Finsterwalder home calendar).

[Heimatbuch-5] A ^b ^c ^d ^e Author collective of the MUG Brandenburg eV: Heimatbuch Landkreis Elbe-Elster . Herzberg 1996, p. 98 .

[Fischer-6] Reinhard E. Fischer : The place names of the states of Brandenburg and Berlin . be.bra Wissenschaft, Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-937233-30-X , p. 20 .

[7] Arnost Muka: Serbski zemjepisny słowničk. Budyšin, 1927, p. 91 ( digitized version ).

[8] Manfred Starosta: Dolnoserbski-nimske słowniki. German-Lower Sorbian dictionary, accessed on May 11, 2018 .

[Schumann-9] A ^b ^c Friedrich August Schumann: Complete State, Post and Newspaper Lexicon of Saxony . tape 14 , 1827.

[Woitzik-10] Manfred Woitzik: "First come - first serve" a cultural history of mills in the Elbe-Elster district . Ed .: Cultural Office of the Elbe-Elster District. Herzberg 2000, OCLC 915832204 , p. 138 .

[Glocke-11] A robber hunt on Brandenburg soil. In: The bell. 1863, p. 126.

[Ernst-12] Rainer Ernst: Henschel's Hede. In: Lausitzer Rundschau. October 9, 2004.

[CPB-13] Hentschel's profile in the Royal Prussian Central Police Journal of January 7, 1863

[StatBB-14] Historical municipality register of the state of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005. (PDF; 331 kB) District Elbe-Elster. State Office for Data Processing and Statistics State of Brandenburg, December 2006, accessed on July 18, 2017 .

[Satzung_Massen-15] Statutes of the community of Massen-Niederlausitz. (PDF) Municipality of Massen-Niederlausitz, accessed on July 23, 2017 .

[Ortsvorsteher-16] List of the mayors of the Kleine Elster (Niederlausitz) office on the official website. Amt Kleine Elster (Niederlausitz), accessed on July 23, 2017 .

[17] As of July 23, 2017.

[HV_2-18] Description and tasks of the Babbener Heimatverein on its homepage, accessed on July 23, 2017

[HV_3-19] Chronology of Babbener firefighters on the website of the local heritage association, accessed on July 23, 2017

[Feuerwehr-20] The Babben local police on the homepage of the volunteer fire brigade "Amt Kleine Elster (Niederlausitz)", accessed on July 23, 2017

[Bogen-21] The archery section on the BSV Grün-Weiß Finsterwalde homepage , accessed on July 23, 2017

[Torsten_Pötzsch-22] Torsten Pötzsch: The forest pool as a pound with which one can proliferate. In: Lausitzer Rundschau. June 19, 2003.

[Dehio-23] Georg Dehio: Handbook of German Art Monuments - Brandenburg . 2nd Edition. 2012, ISBN 978-3-422-03123-4 , pp. 30 .

[Orgellandschaft-24] Cultural Office of the Elbe-Elster district, Bad Liebenwerda district museum, Sparkasse Elbe-Elster (ed.): Orgellandschaft Elbe-Elster . Herzberg / Elster 2005, p. 60 .

[DL_BB-25] List of monuments of the state of Brandenburg: Elbe-Elster district (PDF) Brandenburg State Office for Monument Preservation and State Archaeological Museum.

[Lang-26] Elke Lang: Baroque splendor and simple beauty. Organs in Brandenburg . Culturcon-Medien, Berlin 2014, ISBN 978-3-941092-35-8 , pp. 150 + 177 .

[Pape-27] Uwe Pape (Ed.): Lexicon of North German Organ Builders . tape 2 : Saxony and the surrounding area . Pape Verlag, Berlin 2012, ISBN 978-3-921140-92-5 , pp. 355 .

[OP_GD-28] The Babbener Memorial Monument on the homepage of the online project Fallen Memorials , accessed on July 22, 2017

[LR_2007-29] The oldest trees are 156 years old and are in the Ursula-Grund. In: Lausitzer Rundschau. September 14, 2007.

[NABU-30] Species protection program Auerhahn , Potsdam 2002, p. 16. (PDF file)

[LR_0113-31] How the Ursulagrund got its name . In: Lausitzer Rundschau . January 18, 2013

[Vogel-32] Steffen Vogel: In the footsteps of Ursula von Wätjen . In: Lausitzer Rundschau. January 22, 2013.