Großräschen
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Coordinates: 51 ° 35 ' N , 14 ° 0' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Brandenburg | |
| County : | Oberspreewald-Lausitz | |
| Height : | 115 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 81.86 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 8471 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 103 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 01983 | |
| Area code : | 035753 | |
| License plate : | OSL, CA, SFB | |
| Community key : | 12 0 66 112 | |
| City structure: | 5 districts and 7 districts | |
City administration address : |
Seestrasse 16 01983 Großräschen |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Thomas Zenker ( SPD ) | |
| Location of the town of Großräschen in the Oberspreewald-Lausitz district | ||
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Großräschen ( ; Lower Sorbian Rań ) is a town in the Brandenburg district of Oberspreewald-Lausitz in Lower Lusatia .
geography
The city is located in Niederlausitz , a landscape that is largely in the south of Brandenburg . Großräschen is 110 kilometers south of Berlin , 64 kilometers north of Dresden , 30 kilometers southwest of Cottbus and 123 kilometers northeast of Leipzig .
Großräschen is located south of the pine-covered moraines of the Niederlausitzer Landrücken , at its transition to the Elsterniederung and the Rainitza river. The city is also located on the shores of the emerging Großräschener See (flooding start: March 15, 2007), which is part of the Lusatian Lake District .
| structure | Surname | border | district |
|---|---|---|---|
| local community | Bronkow | N | OSL |
| local community | Altdöbern | N | OSL |
| local community | New Zealand | O | OSL |
| city | Senftenberg | S. | OSL |
| local community | Schipkau | S. | OSL |
| local community | Sallgast | W. | EE |
City structure
The districts Großräschen and Kleinräschen belong to the actual urban area. Großräschen Süd ( Bückgen ) was devastated because of lignite mining .
Districts:
- Großräschen Nord (prefabricated housing estate, which is partially being dismantled, including, for example: Wilhelm-Pieck-Straße, Dimitroffweg)
- Großräschen Ost (formerly Schmogro ( Smogorjow ), incorporated on March 1, 1946)
- Großräschen Süd (formerly Bückgen ( Bukowka ), incorporated on March 1, 1946)
- Kunze settlement
- Tempo settlement
- Forest edge settlement
Districts with recognized status (the incorporation data in brackets):
- Allmosen ( Wołobuz ; incorporated on December 31, 2001)
- Barzig ( Barce ; incorporated on December 31, 2001)
- Freienhufen ( Dobry Wótšow ; incorporated on June 30, 1997)
- Dörrwalde ( Suchy Gózd ; incorporated on January 1, 1974)
- Saalhausen ( Załuž ; incorporated on December 31, 2001)
- Wormlage ( Wórmlag ; incorporated on December 31, 2001)
- Woschkow ( Wóškow ; incorporated on December 31, 1998)
Residential spaces (according to the service portal).
- Hitchhiker's Colony
- expansion
- Bulldorf
- Chausseehaus
- The extensions
- Boys mill
- New stooping
- Shepherd's mill
The Nossedil desert ( Nosydło ) is located near the district of Freienhufen .
history
Großräschen was first mentioned in 1370 as Redschin magnum et parvum , ie Groß- und Kleinräschen . Historically, Kleinräschen is the older part of the village, a Wendish village . Ernst Eichler and Hans Walther derive the name from Rěčina , which means something like "place on the brook". In the years 1662, 1725 and 1781 there were major local fires. Until the two villages were merged in 1925, Kleinräschen was always the larger of the two villages. Before industrialization, Sorbian was the majority spoken in both villages ; The Sorbian service in the Großräschener church was stopped in 1868, at a time when about half of the parish was still Sorbian-speaking.
From the end of the 19th century, the lignite mining began to flourish . At that time, many people immigrated from Silesia, Poland and Bohemia . In the course of industrialization, the Sorbian language and culture was increasingly displaced. Because of the rich clay deposits in connection with the existing coal, the brick industry also settled in around 1900 (see Ilse Bergbau AG ). From 1954 to 1990, the training was the Ziegler for the entire territory of the GDR in the center of Großräschen. In the early 1990s, the last brick factory was destroyed by fire and demolished.
In 1965, what was then the largest village in the GDR was granted city rights . The resettlement of the population of Großräschen-Süd / Bückgen began in the 1980s (largest mining-related resettlement in the history of Lusatia). For this purpose, new large -panel buildings were built in the north of the city .
Since 1816 Großräschen belonged to the district of Calau in the Prussian province of Brandenburg , which became the state of Brandenburg in 1947 . In 1952, the city came to the newly founded Senftenberg district in the GDR - Cottbus district (1990–1993 in the state of Brandenburg). Großräschen has been in the Oberspreewald-Lausitz district since the 1993 district reform .
Population development
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Territory of the respective year, number of inhabitants: as of December 31 (from 1991), from 2011 based on the 2011 census
politics
City Council
The city council of Großräschen consists of 18 city councilors and the full-time mayor as a voting member. The local elections on May 26, 2019 had the following results with a turnout of 50.8%:
| SPD | Green League | AfD | CDU | The left | Individual applicant André Lehnick | Alliance 90 / The Greens | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| percent | 30.0 | 21.3 | 14.6 | 12.8 | 11.7 | 4.4 | 2.6 |
| Seats | 5 | 4th | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 |
mayor
Thomas Zenker (SPD) has been mayor of Großräschen since 1994. In the mayoral election on September 24, 2017, he was elected as the sole candidate with 85.6% of the valid votes for a further term of eight years.
coat of arms
Adoption of the coat of arms of the dissolved Großräschen office instead of the traditional city coat of arms. The coat of arms was approved on April 12, 2002.
Blazon : “Diagonally quartered by red and silver; at the top a growing silver rake with seven prongs; on the left an upright black beech branch with eight leaves, on the right crossed black mallets and iron, at the bottom three silver horseshoes arranged to form a three-legged arm. "
Town twinning
Großräschen has been twinned with the Polish town of Trzebiatów (Treptow) since 2006 .
Sights and culture
In the local press ( Lausitzer Rundschau ) Großräschen is often referred to as the “IBA city”. This indicates the fact that the International Building Exhibition Fürst-Pückler-Land (IBA) has been based in the city since 2000. On the IBA terraces built in 2004, the IBA visitor center, on the edge of the Großräschener See lake, exhibitions can be visited which illustrate the unique and current changes in the region. In addition, guided tours through the post-mining landscape can be booked. The IBA terraces (architect: Ferdinand Heide from Frankfurt / Main) received the Brandenburg Architecture Prize in 2005.
Großräschen received a sports harbor as part of the IBA project. Since this was completed before the Großräschener See was flooded, the strange picture of a completed but dry harbor basin presented itself for several years. On November 5, 2017, the water level reached the harbor basin.
In the building of the lakes is also the counterfeiters Museum , a permanent exhibition of by the Russian - Berlin Brothers Posin mostly world-famous paintings legally compliant copies made of more than 80. Including copies of Raphael's Sistine Madonna , da Vinci's Mona Lisa and Rembrandt's Night Watch .
Kurmärker Großräschen, with Wettigs Hof, 2007
IBA office Großräschen, 2007
IBA terraces on Großräschener See
Buildings
The list of monuments in Großräschen includes the monuments entered in the list of monuments of the state of Brandenburg.
- Seehotel Großräschen (former single dormitory of the lignite works Ilse)
- Evangelical town church
- Catholic Church of St. Antonius with interior design by Friedrich Preß
- Neu-Bückgen parish hall with furnishings from the demolished church in Bückgen
- Kurmärker with Wettigs Hof on the market square
- Monument with the four professions of the city coat of arms
- Historic village complex Kleinräschen with Senftenberg four-sided courtyards
- Dutch windmill in Dörrwalde
- Medieval village church in Freienhufen
- Anti-war memorial from 1956 in Freienhufen at the exit of the town in the direction of Großräschen with a quote from Goethe
- Memorial from 1968 for the victims of fascism on the "Allee der Steine"
- Tombs for 14 Polish and Soviet forced laborers in the north cemetery , who were reburied from the south cemetery because it had to give way to the open pit
- Victoriahöhe, vantage point with a view of the Senftenberger See
- Hotel Altstadt Großräschen
Parks
In recent years, park-like green spaces (Green Center I and II) have been created between individual residential complexes in the new development area. In the district of Wormlage there is an older park that once belonged to the estate. There are also two hidden graves in this park.
Natural monuments
From the artificially raised terraces you can currently see the former Meuro opencast mine . On March 15, 2007, the starting shot was given for the flooding of the future Großräschener See. The flooding was completed in 2018.
This is also where the “Allee der Steine” begins, a park area designed with boulders from the mining industry for the International Building Exhibition (IBA for short) “Fürst-Pückler-Land”.
Großräschener organ concerts
Since 1991 there has been an international organ concert series in Großräschen . The main concert instrument today is the Jehmlich organ in the Catholic parish church of St. Antonius. It was built in 1978 and is integrated into the altar wall by Friedrich Press . The organ cycle is performed by the Großräschener Orgelkonzerte e. V. organized.
Economy and Infrastructure
The historical branches of the economy were agriculture, glass production, brick production and mining (in the GDR also rectifier production). All industrial branches have been in decline since the fall of the Wall. Since then there have hardly been any significant new settlements. Today, steel processing and waste recycling are also located in the city or the surrounding area. The business location is one of 15 regional growth centers in the state of Brandenburg. This promotes selected future-oriented industries.
Ulrich and Karin Acksel founded one of the first adventure restaurants in German-speaking countries in the long-established Hubers Hotel from 1965 .
traffic
The federal highway 96 runs between Finsterwalde and Senftenberg through Großräschen. The Großräschen junction of the federal motorway 13 Berlin - Dresden is located between the districts of Saalhausen and Freienhufen.
The city has a passenger station on the Lübbenau – Kamenz railway line . It is served by the regional train line RB 24 Eberswalde - Berlin - Senftenberg .
education
In Großräschen there are currently two primary schools ( Pestalozzi and GutsMuths ) and one high school. The Friedrich Hoffmann Grammar School was closed in 2007 (decline in the number of students). It was converted into a secondary school (from August 2007). In July 2008, the renovation of the main school building was completed. On August 17, 2008, the Friedrich Hoffmann Oberschule was officially opened.
The Cottbus Chamber of Crafts has been operating the training yard in Großräschen since 1995. Training and further education takes place there for a large number of building trades (bricklayers and concrete workers, carpenters, road builders, tile / plate and mosaic layers, painters and varnishers, vehicle painters, plasterers, roofers, drywallers, office clerks).
Sports
The largest club in town is SV Großräschen e. V., approx. 570 athletes train here in ten departments. The offer ranges from active sports to sporty leisure activities. The football, bowling, weight training, tennis and running group departments hold competitions on a regional, national and international level for youth, adults and senior citizens.
There are also gymnastics, handball, table tennis and volleyball.
One focus of the association's work is the wide range of leisure activities for children from 5 years of age and for young people. A disabled sports group is also integrated into the club. You can train on the sports facility in Chransdorfer Straße or in gyms in the city.
Since 2016 the running, cycling, skating and walking competition Seenland 100 has been taking place entirely in Großräschen at the beginning of July.
Personalities
sons and daughters of the town
- Herbert Scurla (1905–1981), writer
- Fritz Bönisch (1923–2007), local history researcher
- Freimut Götsch (* 1938), actor and voice actor
- Karl-Heinz Becker (* 1943), football player
- Manfred Lenz (* 1947), politician (SPD)
- Bernhard Lehmann (* 1948), bobsledder
- Uwe Jank (* 1950), soccer player
- Monika Balt (* 1951), politician (independent), 1998–2002 member of the Bundestag for the PDS
- Hans-Joachim Hartnick (* 1955), road cyclist and trainer, winner of the Peace Ride 1976, born in Wormlage
Personalities associated with Großräschen
- Carl Freter (1878 – after 1947), politician (SPD), lived in Großräschen
- Rolf Kuhn (* 1946), town planner and area planner, lives in Großräschen
Individual evidence
- ↑ Population in the State of Brandenburg according to municipalities, offices and municipalities not subject to official registration on December 31, 2019 (XLSX file; 223 KB) (updated official population figures) ( help on this ).
- ↑ a b c d StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 2001
- ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 1997
- ↑ Federal Statistical Office (Ed.): Municipalities 1994 and their changes since 01.01.1948 in the new federal states. Metzler-Poeschel publishing house, Stuttgart, 1995, ISBN 3-8246-0321-7 .
- ^ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany , see 1998
- ^ Ernst Eichler , Hans Walther : Ortnamesbuch der Oberlausitz. Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1975.
- ↑ Arnost Muka : Pućowanja po Serbach. Nakład Domowiny, Budyšin 1957, p. 63.
- ^ Description of the Großräschen clinker and brickworks and the brickworkers' vocational school
- ^ Historical municipality register of the state of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005. District Oberspreewald-Lausitz . Pp. 18-21
- ↑ Population in the state of Brandenburg from 1991 to 2015 according to independent cities, districts and municipalities , Table 7
- ^ Office for Statistics Berlin-Brandenburg (Ed.): Statistical report AI 7, A II 3, A III 3. Population development and population status in the state of Brandenburg (respective editions of the month of December)
- ^ Result of the local election on May 26, 2019
- ↑ Thomas Zenker: "My heart beats for Großräschen". In: Lausitzer Rundschau , November 26, 2009
- ^ Result of the mayoral election on September 24, 2017
- ↑ Coat of arms information on the service portal of the state administration of Brandenburg
- ^ Information in the IBA visitor center, July 8, 2018
- ↑ The future for a cult hotel
- ↑ Ulrich Acksel: Purrs and Schnaken aus der Lausitz (Berlin 2012)
Web links
- Website of the city of Großräschen
- Website of the Dörrwalde district
- Website of the district of Wormlage
- Website of the Woschkow district
- Aerial photos Großräschener See (formerly Ilsesee) (aerial photo collection Großräschen / Ilsesee)
- Statistics of the Lusatian Sorbs: The community of Gross-Räschen. ( Arnošt Muka , 1884–86)
Altdöbern | Bronkow | Calau (Kalawa) | Frauendorf | Large meal | Großräschen (Rań) | Grünewald | Guteborn | Hermsdorf | Hohenbocka | Kroppen | Lauchhammer | Lindenau | Lübbenau / Spreewald (Lubnjow / Błota) | Luckaitztal | New Zealand (Nowa Jazorina) | Neupetershain (Nowe Wiki) | Outskirts | Ruhland | Schipkau | Schwarzbach | Schwarzheide | Senftenberg (Zły Komorow) | Tettau | Vetschau / Spreewald (Wětošow / Błota)