Kleinräschen

Kleinräschen City of Großräschen Coordinates: 51 ° 34 ′ 54 ″  N , 14 ° 0 ′ 27 ″  E
Height :	114 m above sea level NHN
Incorporation :	April 1, 1925
Postal code :	01983
Area code :	035753
The Großräschen city harbor in the former municipality of Kleinräschen in April 2019

Kleinräschen ( Rańk in Lower Sorbian ) was a community in what is now the Oberspreewald-Lausitz district in Brandenburg . On April 1, 1925, it was merged with the neighboring Groß-Räschen to form today's town of Großräschen and is now part of the central town.

location

Kleinräschen is located in Niederlausitz , about ten kilometers north of the district town of Senftenberg . In addition to the remaining part of the core city Großräschen in the north , the surrounding villages are Allmosen in the east, the Senftenberg districts Sedlitz in the southeast and Senftenberg in the south, the Schipkau district Meuro in the southwest and Freienhufen in the west. The village of Reppist, which was dredged over by the Meuro opencast mine , used to lie between Kleinräschen and Senftenberg .

The Meuro opencast mine used to be located south of Kleinräschen. By flooding the remaining hole, the Großräschener See is now being created there , and Kleinräschen lies on its bank. The place is therefore in the Lusatian Lakeland . Kleinräschen is bordered to the north by federal highway 96 .

history

Kleinräschen was first mentioned in a document in 1370 as Kleine Redschin . Großräschen was first mentioned in the same year, but the Wendish Kleinräschen, which was laid out as a street perch village, is much older. Ernst Eichler and Hans Walther derive the name from Rěčina , which means something like "place on the brook". In the past the Räschener Bach flowed through the place, which also formed the local border with Groß-Räschen. Reinhard E. Fischer derives the place name from the Slavic personal name Radscha .

Kleinräschen was a predominantly Sorbian-speaking village until the 19th century. Due to the strong boom in lignite mining from the end of the 19th century, many people from Silesia and Bohemia came to Kleinräschen, as a result of which the use of the Sorbian language fell sharply. Arnošt Muka counted 324 inhabitants for his statistics on the Sorbian population in Lusatia in 1884, of which only 120 were Sorbs and 204 Germans, which corresponded to a Sorbian-speaking share of 37%. Due to the rich clay deposits in and around Kleinräschen, a brick industry also developed from 1900 onwards. From 1954 to 1990, Zieglers were trained for the entire GDR region in the company vocational school in Kleinräschen.

In contrast to the naming of the place, Kleinräschen was always larger than the neighboring Groß-Räschen. When it was merged in 1925, Kleinräschen had a total of 3,893 inhabitants, while Groß-Räschen only had 2,917 inhabitants.

Kleinräschen is located in the Lusatian lignite district . To the south was the Meuro opencast mine , which was closed in 1999. The mining area has since been rehabilitated by the Lausitzer und Mitteldeutsche Bergbau-Verwaltungsgesellschaft . Flooding of the remaining hole began in March 2007 and is expected to be completed in 2018. A port , a pier and several hotels are currently being built on the shores of the Großräschener See .

After the Congress of Vienna , the entire Lower Lusatia passed to the Kingdom of Prussia . When the new district was formed in 1816, Kleinräschen came to the Calau district in the province of Brandenburg , which became the state of Brandenburg in 1947 . On February 6, 1925, the Prussian State Ministry approved a merger of the communities Kleinräschen and Groß-Räschen to form the community Großräschen on April 1, 1925. On July 25, 1952, Kleinräschen came to the Senftenberg district in the Cottbus district . In 1965 the educated community was granted city rights. After the reunification , Kleinräschen was initially in the Senftenberg district in Brandenburg, after the district reform in December 1993, Kleinräschen came to the Oberspreewald-Lausitz district .

Personalities

• Herbert Scurla (1905–1981), economist and writer, born in Kleinräschen
• Fritz Bönisch (1923–2007), local history researcher, born in Kleinräschen

Individual evidence

1. ^ Ernst Eichler, Hans Walther: Ortnamesbuch der Oberlausitz. Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1975.
2. ↑ ^{a b c} Torsten Richter-Zippack: The small was the bigger. In: lr-online.de. Lausitzer Rundschau , June 12, 2015, accessed on January 18, 2018 . 
3. ↑ Reinhard E. Fischer: The place names of the states of Brandenburg and Berlin: age - origin - meaning . be.bra Wissenschaft, 2005, p. 139 .
4. ↑ Ernst Tschernik : The development of the Sorbian population . Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1954.
5. ↑ Kleinräschen in the historical index of places. Retrieved January 18, 2018 .