Outskirts
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Coordinates: 51 ° 23 ' N , 13 ° 45' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Brandenburg | |
| County : | Oberspreewald-Lausitz | |
| Office : | Outskirts | |
| Height : | 110 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 7.36 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 2051 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 279 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 01990 | |
| Area code : | 035755 | |
| License plate : | OSL, CA, SFB | |
| Community key : | 12 0 66 240 | |
| LOCODE : | DE OTD | |
City administration address : |
Altmarkt 1 01990 Ortrand |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Niko Gebel ( CDU ) | |
| Location of the town of Ortrand in the Oberspreewald-Lausitz district | ||
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Ortrand ( Sorbian Wótrań ) is an official city in the Oberspreewald-Lausitz district in Brandenburg . It is the seat of the administrative office of the Ortrand office .
geography
The city center is enclosed by the Pulsnitz in the north, the A 13 in the west (junction Ortrand) and the Grossenhain – Cottbus railway line (founded as the Cottbus – Großenhainer railway by Karl Eduard Zachariae von Lingenthal ).
Ortrand is one of the few places in the southern part of the Oberspreewald-Lausitz district, which is not in Lausitz , but in Schraden . The Burkersdorf residential area belongs to the town of Ortrand . This, however, is still in Upper Lusatia .
history
Emergence
Ortrand was created at the intersection of two trade routes. Before a ford through the Pulsnitz, branches of the north-south trade route from the Baltic Sea to Bohemia and the High Road , which ran in an east-west direction and was an important link on the Way of St. James , crossed. It can be assumed that a rest area arose here in the High Middle Ages, which belonged to the eastern part of the Burgwards Strehla . In the course of the German colonization in the east, a Jakobskirche and a merchant settlement may already have been built. The construction of a castle on the border river to monitor the trade routes can also be assumed, but there is still no archaeological evidence for this. It is noticeable that a German settlement center developed around Ortrand without any Slavic finds. The town of Ortrand was probably founded at the end of the 12th century, the individual parts of the settlement castle district, merchant and market settlement with St. James' Church were merged. The central location of the market shows a planned layout of the city, which includes the north-south trade route. The name Ortrand indicates the border location of the city between the districts of Daleminzi , Lusizi and Milzeni , which met at the Grenzpulsnitz.
The oppidum Ortrant was first mentioned in a comparison between the Naumburg Bishop Engelhard and Heinrich the Illustrious , Margrave of Meißen, on November 26th, 1238. In this document issued in Groitzsch, the Margrave confirms the creation of fortifications, the right to mint and the bishop vows to protect the bishop's property. In return, the bishop enfeoffed the margrave, among other things, with the edge of the town that belonged to the Naumburg bishopric. The document expressly mentions that this was already given to Heinrich's ancestors. In the Treaty of Rochlitz in 1289, Margrave Albrecht II ceded the Degenerate Ortrand and other areas to his son Friedrich I the bitten . In 1292, the Bishop of Naumburg Friedrich I enfeoffed again with the edge of the town, the loose feudal relationship with the diocese lasted until 1446. The edge of the town came to Brandenburg in 1312 through the Peace Treaty of Tangermünde . From 1319 the city was again Meißnisch and from then on belonged to the Hayn (Grossenhain) office as bailiwick . The shoemaker's trade was confirmed in 1329 by Heinrich von Schenkwitz guild rights. In 1407, market freedoms were first mentioned, which Margrave Wilhelm I granted.
Early modern times to the Thirty Years War
The first city fire is assumed around the year 1400, as the butchers asked Margrave Friedrich in 1420 to renew guild letters. These were awarded by Margrave Wilhelm I and destroyed in the town fire. The existence of a city council was first attested in 1411, with which the city received lower jurisdiction . The edge of the town was devastated during the Hussite Wars in 1429 and burned down in 1431. In 1466, a mayor of Ortrander, Peter Gösgen, was mentioned for the first time with the confirmation of the statues of the riflemen. In the years 1469/1470 it was first mentioned as an office. The office emerged from the Vogtei, to it belonged the villages Heinersdorf and Lüttichau as well as for a time in the 17th century Kostebrau . Ortrand acquired the Höllengüter in 1496 and thus closed the property since the 13th / 14th. Century of the city corridor belonging to the corridor of the desert Minckwitz. In 1480 the city took part in a state parliament in Leipzig. In 1525, Duke Georg granted her the privilege of building a town hall, which was built on the northeast corner of the market.
The first information about the Reformation in Ortrand comes from the year 1522, when Lorenz Grubner, a citizen of Ortrand, was imprisoned in Senftenberg because he talked at a carousing party like Martinus himself . The Ortrander pastor was accused on November 1, 1536 of impropriety at the Lord's Supper. The Saxon Duke Heinrich the Pious introduced the Reformation in Ortrand on August 22, 1539. The calender houses were sold and served as a boys 'and girls' school. Since the pilgrims stayed away, the hostel was converted into a municipal hospital and poor house.
On September 26, 1546, the second big city fire occurred, with 56 houses being destroyed. According to the Hayn Office's inheritance book , the town owned eight Hufen. In 1554 Ortrand achieved the highest form of urban independence in Saxony, when it received the higher and inheritance courts as well as lower and inheritance courts on a lease basis. In 1560 she signed a new lease agreement with the elector about the written address.
In 1565 a brewery building was built on the site of the former castle. Due to the mileage requirement, the beer was served in 23 villages. In addition to the brewery, cloth making was a flourishing trade in Ortrand. In 1566 the wooden pipeline from the beech garden was laid in the city.
The third big city fire occurred in 1612. Half of the city, around 60 houses, the school, parish church and the Lindenau suburb as well as the neighboring Burkersdorf burned down. In 1616, higher and inheritance courts were confirmed, and the town was represented at the Landtag in Torgau in 1622.
During the Thirty Years War , Ortrand was spared from the war until 1631. The military leader of the Catholic League Tilly ordered troops to march into the Electorate of Saxony after the destruction of Magdeburg . To make the way for the Swedish troops more difficult, they destroyed the Mückenberger Damm near Ortrand, which connected the place with Mückenberg and Bockwitz .
Due to the impending chaos of war, the city of Meißen launched a mutual notification service to which the cities of Oschatz , Mügeln , Döbeln , Grossenhain , Radeburg and Ortrand belonged. On September 17, 1631, news was received from Ortrand that 30 people displaced by the imperial soldiers had arrived in Ortrand.
On September 29, 1631, after the battle of Breitenfeld , part of the Saxon army with 18,000 men was encamped near Ortrand. When it left after three days, the plague remained. By 1633 there were 577 victims in the city. In 1632 Ortrand had to provide 28 people for national defense.
On June 19, 1633, Hans Georg von Arnim-Boitzenburg reported to Elector Johann Georg I in Ortrand about his meeting with Wallenstein . Wallenstein had communicated the basis of his peace treaty from Arnim. After receiving a meaningless answer, he had two peaceful companies invade Ortrand. They captured the mayor and threatened to set the city on fire. In 1634, Saxon horsemen were quartered in Ortrand, the city had to bear the costs of over 3200 thalers.
Elector Johann Georg I of Saxony gave in a recess on October 10, 1644 city outskirts the Schriftsässigkeit .
Due to accumulated city debts in the amount of 9500 guilders from the years 1560 to 1636, an electoral commission withdrew the city council's jurisdiction over the city, Heinersdorf and Lüttichau on May 28, 1636 . Instead, an administrator was appointed. The first administrator, Genherreff, was dismissed after three years for embezzlement and incorrect accounting. His successor was his son-in-law Fischer, about whom the newly appointed council complained in 1639. He too was personally liable for embezzlement. In 1644 the city rights were extended and completely returned in 1658. After the Thirty Years' War Ortrand was completely impoverished, the city was burdened by debts, mortgages and the purchase of Heinersdorf. The town sold the place to Haubold von Miltitz auf Kroppen in 1681, with certain rights reserved .
Modern times
Due to the risk of swamping, an order was issued in 1674 that sewage should be channeled into the Pulsnitz through a walled canal below the Mühlgraben.
In the years 1661 and 1680 it was confirmed that the Breslauer Straße leads through Bautzen , Ortrand and Strehla because of the risk of plague . In 1682, however, it was transferred to Ruhland and Kroppen with connections via Großenhain and Königsbrück . In 1682 a garrison was built in Ortrand, which is how the first doctor settled in town.
During the Northern War , on April 19, 1707, the Swedish troops caused the fourth city fire. The fire destroyed 60 residential buildings as well as some malt houses and the Lindenau gatehouse with the main guard and damaged the parish church. Until 1736, the city paid back contributions.
On September 16, 1778, beggars were set on fire again in the suburb. 17 barns and 25 residential buildings, including Friedhofsgasse with the rectory built in 1602, were affected. A list from 1679 shows 102 inhabited and 100 uninhabited houses. 700 residents lived in the village, including four traders, six bakers, seven butchers, eight linen weavers, 44 wool manufaktur weavers, 102 brewers and 67 other craftsmen. Main occupations were the manufacture of cloths and brewing beer. The Ortrander beer was very popular. In 1697, 468 barrels were brewed and some were sent to the court in Dresden . Even in the time of Johannes Lindner , the city lived mainly from growing hops. The brewery later lost its importance due to the mileage constraint , and it no longer exists.
In 1771, due to periods of bad weather, a famine occurred during which thatched roofs were covered to feed the cattle. The carpenters and wall guilds were founded in 1775. The Ortrander garrison had to take part in Napoleon's Russian campaign in 1812 . Westphalian troops allied with Napoleon stopped in Ortrand on June 15, 1812. After the campaign, Bavaria, Westphalia, Russians and Russian-Prussian troops moved into Ortrand on March 6, 1813.
As a result of the Congress of Vienna , Ortrand and other Saxon areas came under Prussian rule on May 22, 1815 . From 1816 to 1947 Ortrand was part of the Liebenwerda district in the Prussian province of Saxony . In 1820, 1,500 people lived in the city, including the military, as the outskirts were a garrison town.
After the Second World War
In 1947 the province of Saxony became part of the newly founded state of Saxony-Anhalt in the Soviet occupation zone . With the administrative reform in the GDR in 1952 Ortrand came to the Senftenberg district in the Cottbus district (1990–1993 in the state of Brandenburg). Since the district reform in 1993 , the city has been in the Oberspreewald-Lausitz district.
Burkersdorf
The village of Burkersdorf, located north of the Pulsnitz and thus in Upper Lusatia, was incorporated into the outskirts in 1960. In 1802 235 and in 1820 220 inhabitants lived in the place that once belonged to the Lindenau manor. Burkersdorf was parish to Kroppen until the 1990s , and since then to the outskirts.
Population development
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Territory of the respective year, number of inhabitants: as of December 31 (from 1991), from 2011 based on the 2011 census
politics
City Council
The city council of Ortrand consists of 12 city councilors and the honorary mayor. The local elections on May 26, 2019 led to the following result with a turnout of 65.7%:
| Party / group of voters | Voices 2014 | Voices 2019 | Seats 2014 | Seats 2019 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CDU | 45.6% | 41.3% | 5 | 5 | |
| Citizens' Association Ortrand | 47.0% | 30.2% | 6th | 3 | |
| AfD | - | 22.4% | - | 3 | |
| Alliance 90 / The Greens | 2.3% | 6.1% | - | 1 | |
| The left | 5.1% | - | 1 | - |
mayor
- 1998–2003: Alf Korn ( DSU )
- 2003–2014: Ingo Senftleben (CDU)
- since 2014: Niko Gebel (CDU)
Gebel was elected in the mayoral election on May 26, 2019 with 51.0% of the valid votes for a further term of five years.
coat of arms
In the main statute of the city of Ortrand the use of a coat of arms is not written down. The procedure for the continuation of the coat of arms is operated by the city of Ortrand, see:
»With the resolution" the continuation of a coat of arms "by the city council, the application or the continuation of the procedure for the approval of a city coat of arms began. After consultation with the Ministry of the Interior (Department State Main Archives) we only need a final drawing by a heraldist to bring the process to a close. Following this, the main statutes will also be changed. «
Answer from the mayor of Ortrand, Mr Senftleben, on the subject of carrying a coat of arms through the town of Ortrand.
Town twinning
Since 2006, the city of Ortrand has been twinned with the Polish city of Żagań in the Lubusz Voivodeship .
Sights and culture
Buildings
In the list of architectural monuments in Ortrand and in the list of ground monuments in Ortrand are the monuments entered in the list of monuments of the state of Brandenburg.
The cityscape is characterized by the two churches of St. James and the town church of St. Barbara . The former was built 800 years ago and is the oldest preserved building in the city. The church of St. Barbara was built in the 16th century and after a fire by the builder of the Dresden Frauenkirche, George Bähr , a tower was added. At the end of the 1980s, the interior was redesigned by Friedrich Press . The market square with the town hall and the surrounding buildings as well as the reconstructed Saxon post distance column form a successful ensemble.
The Lehnsmühlschloss is a former manor house.
Museums
- City History and Schraden Museum
music
In 2006 the Spielmannszug Ortrand e. V. celebrates its 20th anniversary. Particular highlights in recent years have been participation in the German gymnastics festivals in Dortmund , Hamburg and Munich , the national gymnastics festivals of the Austrian Gymnastics Federation in Graz , Krems and Salzburg as well as the international music and majorette festival in Roermond, the Netherlands . As part of these performance tours, good to excellent results could be achieved with some international competition. a. for musical and choreographic performances as well as for baton management. In 2004 the Spielmannszug Ortrand e. V. Guest at the Landesturnfest Rheinland-Pfalz in Koblenz and at the “Summer in the City” in Luxembourg, where he presented his musical skills. At the invitation of the State Chancellery of Brandenburg, the orchestra represented the colors of the state at the music parade on the occasion of the Day of German Unity on October 3, 2005 in Potsdam. At the beginning of 2006 the Spielmannszug Ortrand e. V. was officially named the first "Friend of Lusatia" due to his appearances and his work for and in the region.
In the field of pop / rock, the Ortrander music group "Leo Hört Rauschen" has established itself far beyond the city limits to become a popular club band with numerous performances at home and abroad. Founded in 2004 as a punk rock band called "Funny Farm", the music and the band name changed in 2011. Since then, Leo Hört Rauschen have been a sought-after representative of the Art-Wave-Postpunk movement of the early 2000s. With their rough sound aesthetics and the renunciation of large effects, this band refuses to use the usual production methods and spoils lovers of pleasant monotony with sounds à la German American Friendship , Joy Division and Die Goldenen Zitronen . The band's participation in the “Radikal Büchner” theater festival in the Bauhaus Dessau World Heritage Site was documented for ZDF and honored with the broadcast of a one-hour film.
Regular events
The city and music festival has been taking place on the first weekend in May since 2003. The local business association organizes this festival together with the city's associations.
Economy and Infrastructure
Companies
The Ortrander Ironworks GmbH is a foundry , are produced in the thin-walled low-weight iron cast products for the automotive industry, the hearth and furnace construction and household appliances industry. It has around 300 employees, its annual turnover is 45 million euros, and the export quota is 70 percent (as of 2016). The ironworks has existed since 1887. VEB Eisenhütte Ortrand was reprivatised in 1992 by the Treuhandanstalt .
traffic
Ortrand lies on the state roads L 55 to Ruhland and L 59 to Gröditz . Federal Autobahn 13 runs west of the city . The connection is via junction 18 Ortrand .
The Ortrand station on the Grossenhain – Cottbus railway line is served by the regional express lines RE 15 Hoyerswerda - Dresden Hauptbahnhof and RE 18 Cottbus –Dresden Hauptbahnhof for passenger transport both in the VBB and VVO tariff .
Personalities
sons and daughters of the town
- Urban Gaubisch (1527–1612), printer
- Balthasar Kademann (1533–1607), superintendent in Pirna , opponent of cryptocalvinism
- Johann Michael Weiß (1648–1726), theologian
- Johann Gregor Fuchs (1650–1715), Baroque builder in Dresden and Leipzig
- Max Samst (1859–1932), actor and theater director
- Paul Lindau (1881–1945), sculptor
- Bodo Martin Vogel (1900–1954), writer
- Matthias Gretzschel (* 1957), theologian and publicist
- Lutz Heßlich (* 1959), track cyclist, Olympic champion in 1980 and 1988
- Gloria Siebert (* 1964), track and field athlete
- Jörg Junhold (* 1964), director of the Leipzig Zoo
Personalities associated with the city
- Caspar Ratzenberger (1533–1603), botanist , died in town
- Rudolph Friedrich von Wichmannshausen (1711–1792), theologian, from 1738 to 1739 senior pastor in Ortrand
- Christian Heinrich Schreyer (1751–1823), theologian, from 1801 pastor in the outskirts
- Karl Heinrich Grumbach (1790 – after 1851), theologian, rector and deacon in the outskirts
- Ingo Senftleben (* 1974), politician ( CDU ), grew up in Ortrand
literature
- The Schraden (= values of the German homeland . Volume 63). 1st edition. Böhlau, Cologne / Weimar / Vienna 2001, ISBN 978-3-412-23905-3 .
- Otto Hauptvogel: Architectural monuments in the town of Ortrand. In: 750 Years Ortrand 1238–1988 . Ortrand City Council and Ortrand City History Museum.
- Reinhard Kißro: On the development history of the city of Ortrand. In: 750 Years Ortrand 1238–1988 . Ortrand City Council and Ortrand City History Museum.
- Christian Heinrich Schreyer: Chronicle of the city Ortrand . Volume 1, Haffner Publishing House, Großenhain 1852 ( digitized version )
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Population in the State of Brandenburg according to municipalities, offices and municipalities not subject to official registration on December 31, 2019 (XLSX file; 223 KB) (updated official population figures) ( help on this ).
- ^ Service portal of the state administration Brandenburg. City outskirts
- ↑ Article in the Lausitzer Rundschau from August 9, 2008
- ^ Walter Schlesinger : Church history of Saxony in the Middle Ages. Volume II, The Age of German East Settlement (1100-1300) . Cologne / Graz 1962.
- ^ Emilia Crome: The place names of the district of Liebenwerda. Berlin 1968.
- ↑ Otto Posse: The Margraves of Leipzig and the House of Wettin up to Conrad the Great. Leipzig 1881, pp. 351-363.
- ↑ Eichler , Walther: Ortnamesbuch der Oberlausitz. Berlin 1975, pp. 215-216.
- ↑ Gess Felician: Files and letters on the church policy of Duke George of Saxony. 1st volume. Leipzig 1905, pp. 324-325.
- ^ Historical municipality register of the state of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005. District Oberspreewald-Lausitz . Pp. 26-29
- ↑ Population in the state of Brandenburg from 1991 to 2015 according to independent cities, districts and municipalities , Table 7
- ^ Office for Statistics Berlin-Brandenburg (Ed.): Statistical report AI 7, A II 3, A III 3. Population development and population status in the state of Brandenburg (respective editions of the month of December)
- ^ Result of the local elections on May 25, 2014
- ^ Result of the local election on May 26, 2019
- ↑ Results of the local elections in 1998 (mayoral elections) for the Oberspreewald-Lausitz district ( Memento of the original from April 19, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Local elections October 26, 2003. Mayoral elections , p. 27
- ^ Result of the mayoral election on May 25, 2014
- ↑ Brandenburg Local Election Act, Section 73 (1)
- ^ Result of the mayoral election on May 26, 2019
- ↑ Main statute of the city of Ortrand
- ↑ 10 years of city partnership. In: Official Journal for the Office Ortrand. Edition 6/2016 of May 20, 2016. P. 7, accessed on December 27, 2019.
- ↑ Commitment to industry is the strongest capital. In: Lausitzer Rundschau , June 8, 2016
- ^ Nicole Blech: Kademann, Balthasar . In: Institute for Saxon History and Folklore (Ed.): Saxon Biography .
- ↑ Lutz Hagestedt (Ed.): German Literature Lexicon. tape 16 . De Gruyter, Berlin; New York; Boston 1995 (founded by Wilhelm Kosch).
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